Ptolemy III Euergetes, (Ptolemaeus III) (Evergetes, Euergetes) (reigned 246 BC-222 BC) is sometimes called Ptolemy III Euergetes I. (Ptolemy VIII also titled himself Euergetes: the Beneficent; but he is usually known, then and since, as Ptolemy Physcon: Belly.) The third ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt, he was the eldest son of Ptolemy II Philadelphus and his sister and wife Arsinoe II. He came to power in 246 BC upon the death of his father. He is most noted for his invasions of the northern kingdom of Syria which he commenced upon the murder of his eldest sister Berenice Phernophorus. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC - 240s BC - 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC Years: 251 BC 250 BC 249 BC 248 BC 247 BC - 246 BC - 245 BC 244 BC... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC - 220s BC - 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC Years: 227 BC 226 BC 225 BC 224 BC 223 BC - 222 BC - 221 BC 220 BC... Ptolemy, one of Alexander the Greats generals, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexanders death in 323 BC. In 305 BC he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as Soter (saviour). ... Head of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (309-246 BC), with Arsinoë II. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (309-246 BC), was the pharaoh of Egypt from 281 BC to 246 BC. He was of a delicate constitution, no Macedonian warrior-chief of the old style. ... Head of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (309-246 BC), with Arsinoe II ( 316_270 BC). ... Berenice was the daughter of Ptolemy Philadelphus. ...

He married Berenice of Cyrene in the year corresponding to 244/243 BC; and they were parents of Arsinoe III and Ptolemy IV Philopator. If you are looking for something or someone else named Berenice, please go here. ...

Ptolemy III Euergetes had put up the first of the Rosetta Stone series, the bilingual inscriptions on massive stone blocks in three writing systems. Ptolemy III's stone stele is the Canopus Stone of 238 B.C.E. His son, Ptolemy IV, is responsible for the Memphis Stele, or Memphis Stone, the second in the series, bearing the Decree of Memphis, about 218 B.C.E. The famous Rosetta Stone is the third, erected by Ptolemy V, in 196 BC. The Rosetta Stone solved a particularly difficult linguistic problem. ... The term bilingualism (from bi meaning two and lingua meaning language) can refer to rather different phenomena. ... A writing system, also called a script, is used to visually record a language with symbols. ... In a vascular plant, the stele is the central part of the root or stem containing the vascular tissue. ... Under the reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (reigned 221-204 BC), son of Ptolemy III, the decline of the Ptolemaic kingdom began. ... The Decree of Memphis is the 2nd block stone, memorial stone of the Rosetta Stone Series, inscribed in ( 3 )three Scripts. ... The Rosetta Stone solved a particularly difficult linguistic problem. ... Ptolemy V Epiphanes (reigned 204-181 BC), son of Ptolemy IV Philopator and Arsinoë, was not more than five years old when he came to the throne, and under a series of regents the kingdom was paralysed. ...

Ptolemy III's stone contains decrees about priestly orders, and is a memorial for his daughter Berenice. But two of its 26 lines of hieroglyphs decree the use of a leap day added to the Egyptian calendar of 365 days, and the associated changes in festivals. A hieroglyph is one part of an ideographic writing system that is often found carved in stone. ... A leap year (or intercalary year) is a year containing an extra day or month in order to keep the calendar year in sync with an astronomical or seasonal year. ... The ancient civil Egyptian calendar had a year that was 365 days long, consisting of 12 months of 30 days each, plus 5 extra days at the end of the year. ...

External Links

• Ptolemy Euergetes I at LacusCurtius — (Chapter VI of E. R Bevan's House of Ptolemy, 1923)
• Ptolemy III — (Royal Egyptian Genealogy)

See also

Leap year A leap year (or intercalary year) is a year containing an extra day or month in order to keep the calendar year in sync with an astronomical or seasonal year. ...