The Puerto Rican Nationalist Party was first organized on September 17, 1922. Its main objective is to work for Puerto Rican Independence. September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... ...

In 1930, Pedro Albizu Campos was elected president of the party. Under Albizu's leadership during the years of the Great depression, the party became the largest independence movement in Puerto Rico. However after disappointing electoral outcomes and strong repression by the territorial police authorities, by mid 1930s Albizu opted against electoral participation and advocated violent revolution. This advocacy continued even after local democratic autonomy was established. 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Pedro Albizu Campos Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos (September 12, 1891 – April 21, 1965) born in Tenerias Village in Ponce, Puerto Rico was the son of Alejandro Albizu and Juana Campos. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Nationalist Party partisans were involved in a variety of dramatic and violent confrontations during the 1930s:

• On April 6, 1932, Nationalist partisans marched into the Capital building in San Juan to protest the legislative proposal to establish the present Puerto Rican flag, the official flag of the insular government. Nationalists preferred the emblem used during the Grito de Lares. During a melee in the building, one partisan fell to his death. The protest was condemned by the legislators, Rafael Martinez Nadal and Santiago Iglesias; while the spirit of local empowerment found some support in unlikely places such as the future leader of the Statehood party, Manuel Garcia Mendez.

• On October 24, 1935, a confrontation with police at University of Puerto Rico campus in Rio Piedras, killed 4 Nationalist partisans and one policeman. This and other events led the party to announce in December 12, 1935, a boycott of all elections held while Puerto Rico remained part of the United States. The Nationalist described this as the Rio Piedras massacre.

• On Feburary 23, 1936, the insular police chief, E. Francis Riggs, was murdered as he exited the Cathedral on Cristo Street, San Juan. The perpetrators, the Nationalists Hiram Rosado and Elias Beauchamp, were arrested, transported to police headquarters, and executed within hours without trial. No policeman was ever indicted for their deaths.

• On March 21, 1937, the violent Ponce Massacre convulsed the southern city with the deaths of 17 citizens and 2 policemen. The event prompted the Tydings bill offering independence to the island to be proposed by the US congress. Soon thereafter, the leadership of the Nationalist party, including Pedro Albizu Campos, was arrested. After a second trial, they were incarcerated for conspiracy to overthrow the government.

• On July 25, 1938, the municipality of Ponce organized celebrations to celebrate the American landing in 1898. This included a military parade and speeches by Governor Blanton Winship, Senate President Rafael Martinez Nadal, and others. When Winship rose to speak, shots were fired, slaying Police Colonel Luis Irizarry, who was seated beside the governor. Despite total repudiation of involvement or support of the incident by Nationalist interim president M. Medina Ramírez, numerous nationalists were arrested and convicted of participating in the shooting. Soon afterward, two Nationalist partisans attempted to assasinate Robert Cooper, judge of the Federal Court in Puerto Rico.

• On October 30, 1950, with Albizu now free, and the new autonomist Commonwealth status soon to be enacted, a Nationalist uprising occurred. It involved a limited series of skirmishes through out the island. In the Jayuya Uprising, a police station and post-office were burned. Police forces subdued the nationalist forces within a day. There was an attack by nationalists on the Governer's mansion La Fortaleza, intending to attack then-governor Luis Muñoz Marín. The 5 hour shootout led to three Nationalists dead: Domingo Geraldo, Gregorio Hernández, and Raimundo Diaz Pacheco. One of the guards of the building, Lorenzo Ramos, was seriously injured. Various shootouts ranged througout island and metropolis, including Penuelas and Arecibo. In Barrio Obrero and Santurce shots were fired, including an attempt to assasinate the attorney general, Vicente Geigel Polanco, in Santurce. The next day, there was an unsuccessful attempt by Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo to assasinate President Harry S. Truman, then residing at the Blair House across from the White House in Washington, D.C. Finally, a shootout in the Halls of Congress, involving Lolita Lebrón and others occurred in 1954.

The assessment of the dynamic Nationalist actions has changed over time. In the early 1930s, the Nationalist party confronted "American" governors who often were arrogant reactionary political or repressive military appointees, lacking fluency in Spanish or backgrounds in administration or hispanic culture, and with no ties to the island. Illegal violence marred encounters between both police and partisans. This occurred in a decade marred by the econmic great depression that worsened the island's poverty, and increased discontent. Not surprisingly, Nationalist candidates were able to poll over 10% of the vote in elections in 1930-1932. San Juan, the Spanish for Saint John, is a common toponym in parts of the world where Spanish is or was spoken: Argentina San Juan Province San Juan, Argentina, the capital of that province Cuba San Juan Hill Mexico San Juan, Campeche San Juan, Chihuahua San Juan, Coahuila San Juan... El Grito de Lares (or The Cry of Lares in English) —also referred as the Lares uprising, the Lares revolt, or the Lares rebellion— refers to the revolt against Spanish rule in Puerto Rico which occurred on September 23, 1868, in the town of Lares, Puerto Rico. ... Santiago Iglesias (February 22, 1872 – December 5, 1939), born Santiago Iglesias Pantín, was a Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico, a delegate or nonvoting member to the United States House of Representatives. ... The University of Puerto Rico (UPR) is the university system of Puerto Rico. ... San Juan, the Spanish for Saint John, is a common toponym in parts of the world where Spanish is or was spoken: Argentina San Juan Province San Juan, Argentina, the capital of that province Cuba San Juan Hill Mexico San Juan, Campeche San Juan, Chihuahua San Juan, Coahuila San Juan... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Pedro Albizu Campos Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos (September 12, 1891 – April 21, 1965) born in Tenerias Village in Ponce, Puerto Rico was the son of Alejandro Albizu and Juana Campos. ... Robert B. Cooper is a U.S. electronics journalist specialising in CATV, and long distance terrestrial and satellite TVRO television reception. ... The Jayuya Uprising, also known as the Jayuya Revolt or El Grito de Jayuya, refers to the revolt against the Government of the United States in Puerto Rico which occurred on October 30, 1950 in the town of Jayuya, Puerto Rico. ... La Fortaleza (or The Fortress in English) is the current residence of the Governor of Puerto Rico. ... Order: 1st Democratically Elected Governor Term of Office: January 2, 1949–January 2, 1965 Predecessor: None Successor: Roberto Sánchez Vilella Date of Birth: Monday, February 18, 1898 Place of Birth: San Juan, Puerto Rico Date of Death: Thursday, April 30, 1980 Place of Death: San Juan, Puerto Rico First... Arecibo is a municipality in Puerto Rico named after the Taino Cacique Arasibo. ... San Juan is the capital city of Puerto Rico. ... Griselio Torresola (1925 – November 1, 1950) born in Jayuya, Puerto Rico, was one of two Puerto Rican Nationalists who attempted to assassinate United States President Harry Truman. ... Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the thirty-fourth Vice President (1945) and the thirty-third President of the United States (1945–1953), succeeding to the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. ... Blair House is a guest house for state visitors to Washington, D.C. (in the United States of America). ... Lolita Lebron (born Dolores Lebrón Sotomayor in 1920 in Lares, Puerto Rico) is an active advocate for Puerto Rican independence. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

By 1950, Puerto Rico had convened a local constitutional convention to establish Commonwealth of Puerto Rico status; popularly elected by a landslide Luis Muñoz Marín(who favored independence in his youth) as governor; and began an economic resurgence. Gilberto de Concepción de Gracia's Puerto Rican Independence Party, now represented electoral interests of nationalism. While Concepción de Gracia voiced some affinity to the goals, and shared his distrust and criticism of repressive government tactics, he dismissed the violent methods of Albizu. The spasms of Nationalist violence by then were the coordinated, often sucidal or martyr actions of small cells, and not a popular revolution. Order: 1st Democratically Elected Governor Term of Office: January 2, 1949–January 2, 1965 Predecessor: None Successor: Roberto Sánchez Vilella Date of Birth: Monday, February 18, 1898 Place of Birth: San Juan, Puerto Rico Date of Death: Thursday, April 30, 1980 Place of Death: San Juan, Puerto Rico First...

Luis Muñoz Marín, who had once been loosely supportive of Albizu's nationalist ideals, replied in 1951 to the Cuban prime minister (who had offered asylum to the again convicted Albizu): "Albizu does not represent the ideal of liberty, but instead the fascist and tyrannical proposals of small fanatical armed groups, who want their interpretation of liberty imposed with grotesque and tragic futility upon two million Puerto Ricans." In 1948 elections, his PPD party received 392 thousand votes versus 218 thousand votes for all other parties combined. Order: 1st Democratically Elected Governor Term of Office: January 2, 1949–January 2, 1965 Predecessor: None Successor: Roberto Sánchez Vilella Date of Birth: Monday, February 18, 1898 Place of Birth: San Juan, Puerto Rico Date of Death: Thursday, April 30, 1980 Place of Death: San Juan, Puerto Rico First... PPD may stand for: Postpartum depression Paranoid personality disorder Political parties: Partito Popolare Democratico Svizzero (Switzerland) Partido por la Democracia (Chile) Partido Popular Democrático (Puerto Rico) Partido Popular Democrático (Portugal) P-Phenylenediamine PostScript Printer Description Purified protein derivative (used for tuberculosis testing) Philadelphia Police Department Post-Production Diary (from Peter...

After Albizu's death in 1965, the party split, and some factions opted to join with socialist movements. The majority of the party remains without leadership. For the last 50 years, the party has been undergoing a process of reorganization. The New York Junta (board)[1] is an autonomous organ of the party that recognizes and is recognized by the National Junta in Puerto Rico. The vast majority of followers of independence movements in Puerto Rico belong to either the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP) or the Puerto Rican Socialist Party (PSP). Today to some, the hypnotic speeches of Albizu embody a spirtitual nationalism, a passion lacking in the more legalistic modern politics. There are now schools named after Albizu Campos. The color red and particularly the red flag are traditional symbols of Socialism. ... State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York City Governor George Pataki (R) Senators Charles Schumer (D) Hillary Rodham Clinton (D) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 km² (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water 18,795 km² (13. ... Junta may refer to: The Concise Oxford English Dictionary defines a junta as a body of persons acting towards a common aim, especially political clique or faction after revolution or coup détat. ... The Puerto Rican Independence Party (Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño (PIP) in Spanish) is a Puerto Rican political party that campaigns for the independence of Puerto Rico from the United States. ... The Puerto Rican Socialist Party -- or Partido Socialista Puertorriqueño (PSP for its abbreviation in Spanish) -- was a Puerto Rican political party that existed from the 1971 to 1993 and advocated independence and a socialist government for Puerto Rico. ...

References: Historia de los Partidos Politicos Puertorriquenos 1898-1956, Author: Bolivar Pagan, Libreria Campos, San Juan (1959).