The streamlined Pullman observation-lounge car Coconino, coupled to a heavyweight sleeper painted in two-tone Pullman grey, brings up the rear of the Santa Fe Railway's Chief at La Junta, Colorado on February 27, 1938.

The Pullman Palace Car Company, founded by George Pullman, manufactured railroad cars in the mid to late 1800s through the early decades of the 20th century, during the boom of railroads in the United States. Pullman developed the sleeping car which carried his name into the 1980s. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... When passenger trains were still the preferred mode of intercity transportation in America, observations often were used by those campaigning for public office, especially for the Presidency of the United States. ... A lounge car is a type of passenger car where riders can purchase food and drinks. ... The interior of a Pullman car on the Chicago and Alton Railroad circa 1900. ... The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (AAR reporting mark ATSF), often abbreviated as Santa Fe, was one of the largest railroads in the United States. ... A 1948 print advertisement promoting the Chief. ... Santa Fe Railroad car at the La Junta Depot (Photo ©2004 Wyvonne Phillips) La Junta is a city in Otero County, Colorado, United States. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... George Mortimer Pullman (March 3, 1831 – October 19, 1897) was an American inventor and industrialist. ... A railroad car (or, more briefly, car, not to be confused with railcar), also known as an item of rolling stock, is a vehicle on a railroad (or railway) that is not a locomotive — one that provides another purpose than purely haulage, although some types of car are powered. ... Beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1805 - 1815). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... The interior of a Pullman car on the Chicago and Alton Railroad circa 1900. ... The 1980s refers to the years of 1980 to 1989. ...

History

George Pullman was inspired by an overnight train ride from Buffalo to Westfield, New York to design an improved passenger railcar. He established his company in 1867 and built luxury sleeping cars which featured carpeting, draperies, upholstered chairs, libraries and card tables and an unparalleled level of customer service. Once a household name due to their large market share, the Pullman Company is also known for the bitter Pullman Strike staged by their workers and union leaders in 1894. During an economic downturn, Pullman reduced hours and wages but not rents leading to the strike. Workers joined the American Railway Union, led by Eugene V. Debs. Nickname: City of Good Neighbors, Queen City, City of Light, Nickel City Location of Buffalo in New York State County Erie County  - Mayor Byron Brown Area    - City 136. ... Westfield is a village located in Chautauqua County, New York, U.S.. USA. As of the 2000 census, the village had a total population of 3,481. ... Pullman Strike began on May 11, 1894. ... On June 20, 1893, railway workers gathered in Chicago, Illinois, and founded the American Railway Union (ARU), the largest union of its time, and the first industrial union in the United States. ... Eugene Victor Debs (November 5, 1855 – October 20, 1926) was an American labor and political leader, one of the founders of the International Labor Union, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and five-time Socialist Party of America candidate for President of the United States. ...

Exterior view of a Pullman car. Pullman Car exterior, This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...

A Pullman car, interior view. Pullman Car interior, This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...

A 1910 Pullman car which served as the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad Business Car No. 101, now restored as the Abraham Lincoln. Image File history File links Abraham_Lincoln_Pullman_Car. ... The Denver and Rio Grande Railroad (AAR reporting mark DRG and DRGW) generally referred to as the Rio Grande, became the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad in 1920, and is today a fallen flag (a railroad that has been absorbed into a larger system -- Union Pacific -- as the result... In 1910 the Pullman Company suddenly changed from the 60 foot varnished wood railroad cars to the eighty foot, riveted-steel design. ...

Pullman Company troop sleeper #8483 stands idle at Denver, Colorado on April 22, 1946. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... In U.S. railroad terminology, a troop sleeper was a rail car which had been converted to serve as something of a mobile barracks for transporting troops distances sufficient to require overnight accomodations. ... Nickname: The Mile-High City Location of Denver in Colorado Coordinates: Country United States State Colorado City-County Denver (coextensive) Founded November 22, 1858 Incorporated November 7, 1861  - Mayor John Hickenlooper (D) Area    - City  154. ... April 22 is the 112th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (113th in leap years). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

After George Pullman's death in 1898, Robert Todd Lincoln, son of Abraham Lincoln became company president. The company closed its factory in the Pullman neighborhood in 1957. Pullman purchased the Standard Steel Car Company in 1930 amid the Great Depression, and the merged entity was known as Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company. The company ceased production after the Amtrak Superliner cars in 1982 and its remaining designs were purchased in 1987 when it was absorbed by Bombardier. Robert Todd Lincoln (August 1, 1843 – July 26, 1926) was the first son of Abraham Lincoln and Mary Ann Todd. ... Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician elected from Illinois as the 16th President of the United States (1861 to 1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. ... The Standard Steel Car Company was an automobile manufacturer based in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania during the 1910s and 1920s. ... The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn which started in October of 1929 and lasted through most of the 1930s. ... logo Bombardier Inc. ...

Corporate History

The original Pullman Palace Car Co., had been organized on February 22, 1867, and after buying numerous associated and competing companies, was reorganized as The Pullman Co., on January 1, 1900. February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Cunt BAg Twat Fuk suck my penis ring 0778851865!!!!!!Year 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ...

The best years for Pullman were the mid 1920s. In 1925 the fleet grew to 9800 cars. Twenty-eight thousand conductors and twelve thousand porters were employed by the Pullman Co. A Pullman timeline is at The Pullman Virtual Museum

Pullman Car & Manufacturing Co., had been organized on June 18, 1924, from the previous Pullman Company Manufacturing Department, to consolidate the car building interests of The Pullman Co. The parent company, The Pullman Co., was reorganized as Pullman, Inc., on June 21, 1927. June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar). ... June 21 is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 193 days remaining. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Pullman purchased controlling interest in Standard Steel Car Company in 1929. The Standard Steel Car Company was an automobile manufacturer based in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania during the 1910s and 1920s. ...

Pullman built its last standard heavyweight sleeping car in February 1931.

On December 26, 1934, Pullman Car & Manufacturing (along with several other Pullman, Inc. subsidiaries), merged with Standard Steel Car Co. (and it subsidiaries) to form the Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company. December 26 is the 360th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, 361st in leap years. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Standard Steel Car Co., had been organized on January 2, 1902, to operate a railroad car manufacturing facility at Butler, Pennsylvania, (and after 1906, a facility at Hammond, Indiana), and was reorganized as a subsidiary of Pullman, Inc., on March 1, 1930. January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Butler is a city in Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States. ... Location in the state of Indiana Coordinates: County Lake Mayor Thomas McDermott, Jr. ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ...

An anti-trust complaint suit was filed on July 12, 1940, by the federal government claiming unfair competition by monopoly. On April 20, 1943, the court found that Pullman, Inc., did indeed have a monopoly, and on January 2, 1944, the same court ordered Pullman to sell either its sleeping car operating company, or its car manufacturing interests. Pullman, Inc., decided to sell its operating company, and on June 30, 1947, The Pullman Company, a new company jointly owned by 59 railroads, was organized to assume control of the interests of the former Pullman Operating Company. Media:Example. ... July 12 is the 193rd day (194th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 172 days remaining. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 184 days remaining. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ...

In 1940, just as orders for lightweight cars were increasing and sleeping car traffic was growing, the United States Department of Justice filed an anti-trust complaint against Pullman Incorporated in the U. S. District Court at Philadelphia (Civil Action No. 994). The government sought to separate the company's sleeping car operations from its manufacturing activities. In 1944 the court concurred, ordering Pullman Incorporated to divest itself of either the Pullman Company (operating) or the Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company (manufacturing). After three years of negotiations, the Pullman Company was sold to a consortium of fifty-seven railroads for around $40 million. (http://www.newberry.org/collections/PullmanGuide.pdf) DOJ headquarters in Washington, D.C. Justice Department redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory[1], the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ...

The United States brought an anti-trust suit in 1940 against the Pullman manufacturing and operating company. The final judicial decision in 1944 said that Pullman Inc. must separate car building from car operating. The company sold its sleeping car service transferring its operating unit on June 30, 1947 to a group of fifty-nine U.S. railways. (http://americanhistory.si.edu/archives/d8181.htm)

Pullman-Standard built its last lightweight passenger cars in April 1956, that being Lot 6959 for Union Pacific. The company continued to market and build cars for commuter rail and subway service and Superliners for Amtrak as late as the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Union Pacific Railroad (AAR reporting marks UP) (NYSE: UNP) is the largest railroad network in the United States. ... This converted Auto Train lounge shows the typical exterior of Superliner cars. ... Acela Express in West Windsor, NJ Amtrak Cascades service with tilting Talgo trainsets in Seattle, Washington Amtrak train in downtown Orlando, Florida For other uses, see Amtrak (disambiguation). ...

Beginning in 1974, Pullman delivered 750 75-foot stainless steel subway cars to the New York City Transit Authority. Designated R46 by their procurement contract, these cars, along with the R44 subway car built by St. Louis Car Company, were designed for 70 mph running in a new subway line under Second Avenue in Manhattan. After construction of the Second Avenue Subway was deferred, the Transit Authority assigned the cars to other lines. Pullman also built subway cars for the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, which assigned them to the Red Line. Pullman-Standard was spun off from Pullman, Inc., as Pullman Technology, Inc., in 1981, and was sold to Bombardier in 1987. The New York City Transit Authority (also known as NYCTA, Transit, NYCT for New York City Transit or simply the TA for Transit Authority) is a New York State authority that operates buses and subway trains in New York City. ... The R46 subway car was built by Pullman Standard in Chicago, Illinois in 1975-1978 for the IND and BMT routes of the New York Subway. ... The R44 is a model of passenger train car which operates on the New York City Subway and the Staten Island Railway. ... The St. ... The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) is a body politic and corporate, and a political subdivision of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts [1] formed in 1964 to finance and operate most bus, subway, commuter rail and ferry systems in the greater Boston, Massachusetts, USA area. ... logo Bombardier Inc. ...

The end of Pullman

After the 1944 breakup, Pullman, Inc., remained in place as the parent company, with the following subsidiaries: The Pullman Company for passenger car operations (but not passenger car ownership, which was passed to the member railroads), and Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Co., for passenger car and freight car manufacturing; along with a large freight car leasing operation still directly under the parent company's control. Pullman, Inc., remained separate until a merger with Wheelbrator in late 1980, which lead to the separation of Pullman interests in early and mid-1981.

Operations of the Pullman Company sleeper cars ceased and all leases were terminated on December 31, 1968. On January 1, 1969, the Pullman Company was dissolved and all assets were liquidated. (The most visible result on many railroads, including Union Pacific, was that the Pullman name was removed from the letterboard of all Pullman-owned cars.) An auction of all Pullman remaining assets was held at the Pullman plant near Chicago in early 1970. The Pullman, Inc., company remained in place until 1981 or 1982 to close out all remaining liabilities and claims, operating from an office in Denver. December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 606. ... Nickname: The Mile-High City Location of Denver in Colorado Coordinates: Country United States State Colorado City-County Denver (coextensive) Founded November 22, 1858 Incorporated November 7, 1861  - Mayor John Hickenlooper (D) Area    - City  154. ...

The passenger car designs of Pullman-Standard were spun off into a separate company called Pullman Technology, Inc., in 1981. Using the Transit America trade name, Pullman Technology continued to market its Comet car design (first built for NJDOT in 1965) for commute operations until 1987, when Bombardier purchased Pullman Technology to gain control of its designs and patents. As of late 2004, Pullman Technology, Inc., remained a subsidiary of Bombardier. The New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) maintains the State Highway system in New Jersey. ...

Pullman, Inc., spun off its large fleet of leased freight rail cars in April 1981 as Pullman Leasing Company, which later became part of ITEL Leasing, retaining the original PLCX reporting mark. ITEL Leasing (including the PLCX reporting mark) was later changed to GE Leasing. Reporting marks on two CP Rail covered hoppers passing Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin, June 20, 2004. ...

In mid 1981, Pullman, Inc., spun off its freight car manufacturing interests as Pullman Transportation Company. Several plants were closed and in 1984, the remaining railcar manufacturing plants and the Pullman-Standard freight car designs and patents were sold to Trinity Industries.

After separating itself from its rail car manufacturing interests, Pullman, Inc., continued as a diversified corporation, with later mergers and acquisitions, including a merger in late 1980 with Wheelabrator-Frye, Inc., in which Pullman became a subsidiary of Wheelabrator-Frye, Inc. In January 1982, Wheelabrator-Frye merged with M. W. Kellogg, a builder of large, cast-in-place smokestacks, silos and chimneys. Wheelabrator-Frye retained both Pullman and Kellogg as direct subsidiaries. In 1990, the entire Wheelabrator-Frye group was sold to Waste Management, Inc. The Pullman-Kellogg interests were spun off by Waste Management as Pullman Power Products Corporation, and by late 2004 that company was doing business as Pullman Power LLC, a subsidiary of Structural Group, a specialty contractor. Waste Management, Inc. ...

As a non-Pullman side note, other construction engineering portions of Pullman-Kellogg were spun off as a new M. W. Kellogg Corporation, and in December 1998, became part of the merger that formed Kellogg, Brown & Root, a specialty contractor which itself was later sold to Halliburton, an oil well servicing company. In an eventual competitive move, other Kellogg engineering interests were merged with Rust Engineering becoming Kellogg Rust, which itself became The Henley Group, and which today is part of Washington Group International, a specialty contracting firm that competes directly with Halliburton worldwide. Washington Group International is the successor to the former Morrison-Knudsen engineering and contracting interests, and is also the owner of Montana RailLink. KBR (formerly Kellogg Brown and Root) is an American engineering and construction company, formerly a subsidiary of Halliburton, based in Houston. ... Halliburton Energy Services (NYSE: HAL) is a multinational corporation with operations in over 120 countries. ... Washington Group International provides integrated engineering, construction and management services to businesses and governments around the world. ... Washington Group International provides integrated engineering, construction and management services to businesses and governments around the world. ... Montana RailLink (AAR reporting mark MRL) is a privately-held Class II railroad in the United States. ...

After the last of the Kellogg interests of Pullman-Kellogg were spun off, and after the railcar manufacturing plants were sold, and with the formal dissolution of the old Pullman Company (the operating company from the 1944 split), the remaining portions of the Pullman interests were spun off in May 1985 by Waste Management, Inc., into a new Pullman Company. In November 1985, Pullman bought Peabody International and the new company took the new name of Pullman Peabody. In April 1987 (after Pullman Technology was sold to Bombardier), the name was changed back to Pullman Company, which in September 1987 merged with Clevite Industries. By 1996, Pullman Co., with its Clevite subsidiary, was almost solely a supplier of automotive elastomer (rubber) parts, and in July 1996 the company was sold to Tenneco. As of late 2004, Pullman Co., as a manufacturer of automotive elastomer products, was still under the control of Tenneco Automotive. The term elastomer is often used interchangeably with the term rubber, and is preferred when referring to vulcanisates. ... Tenneco (formerly Tenneco Automotive) is a $3. ...

Pullman antitrust case

United States v. Pullman Co., 50 F. Supp. 123, 126, 137 (E.D. Pa. 1943) (defendant ordered to divest itself of one of two lines of sleeping car business where it had acquired all of its competitors).

Company town

Pullman, Illinois.

The company built a company town, Pullman, on 4,000 acres (16 km²) just south of the city limits of Chicago in 1880. The town, entirely company-owned, provided housing, markets, a library, churches and entertainment for the 6,000 company employees and an equal number of dependents. Employees were required to live in Pullman, despite the fact that cheaper rentals could be found in nearby communities. One employee is quoted as saying "We are born in a Pullman house, fed from the Pullman shops, taught in the Pullman school, catechized in the Pullman Church, and when we die we shall go to the Pullman Hell". Alcohol was prohibited in the town, as George Pullman found it a disdainful habit for his workers; though it was available in the company's Florence Hotel, primarily for the benefit of the hotel guests, but was generally too expensive for laborers. old picture of Pullman, Illinois This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... old picture of Pullman, Illinois This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... A company town is a town or city in which most or all real estate, buildings (both residential and commercial), utilities, hospitals, small businesses such as grocery stores and gas stations, and other necessities or luxuries of life within its borders are owned by a single company. ... Pullman is a neighborhood on the south side of Chicago, twelve miles from the Loop by Lake Calumet. ... Nickname: The Windy City, The Second City, Chi Town, City of the Big Shoulders, The 312, The City that Works Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in Chicagoland and Illinois Coordinates: Country United States State Illinois County Cook & DuPage Incorporated March 4, 1837  - Mayor... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Functional group of an alcohol molecule. ...

In 1898, the Illinois Supreme Court required the company to sell off the town which was annexed into the city of Chicago. Today, Pullman is a City, State and National Landmark District with an integrated population that has a strong drive towards restoration of this unique district. The supreme court in some countries, provinces, and states, functions as a court of last resort whose rulings cannot be challenged. ... Originally, a landmark literally meant a geographic feature used by explorers and others to find their way back or through an area. ...

Porters

A Pullman porter.

The Pullman Company is also remembered for its porters. The company hired African Americans for this position. While still a menial job in many respects, it offered better pay and security than most jobs open to African Americans at the time, in addition to a chance for travel, and was a well regarded job in the African-American community of the time. Pullman porters were unionized in the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters under A. Philip Randolph. It should also be noted that the Pullman company was the largest employer of African Americans in the U.S. old picture of Pullman porter This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... old picture of Pullman porter This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... A porter is a railroad employee assigned to assist passengers aboard a passenger train or to handle their baggage; it may be used particularly to refer to employees assigned to assisting passengers in the sleeping cars. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) was a labor union in the United States organized by the predominantly African-American Pullman Porters. ... Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was a socialist in the labor movement and the US civil rights movement. ...

Products

• Presidents' Committee Conference streetcar, "A" series
• MBTA Red Line 01500/01600 cars (1969-70)
• NJ Transit Comet I commmuter cars (1970)
• New York City Transit R46 (1975-78)
• Amtrak Superliners (1978-81)

A Twin City Rapid Transit PCC streetcar in museum operation. ... View of Boston from the Red Line The Red Line is the newest of the four MBTA subway lines in the Boston, Massachusetts metro area. ... // New Jersey Transit operates a rail network of 11 rail lines, 161 stations and 954 miles as of the 2003 fiscal year (June 30, 2003). ... The New York City Transit Authority (also known as NYCTA, Transit, NYCT for New York City Transit or simply the TA for Transit Authority) is a New York State authority that operates buses and subway trains in New York City. ... The R46 subway car was built by Pullman Standard in Chicago, Illinois in 1975-1978 for the IND and BMT routes of the New York Subway. ... Acela Express in West Windsor, NJ Amtrak Cascades service with tilting Talgo trainsets in Seattle, Washington Amtrak train in downtown Orlando, Florida For other uses, see Amtrak (disambiguation). ... Superliner may refer to: Superliner (passenger ship) Superliner (railcar) Superliner (Mack Truck) Category: ...

See also

• Pullman train (UK)
• Society for the Prevention of Calling Sleeping Car Porters "George"

Former Brighton Belle Pullman carriage at London Victoria, now part of the Venice Simplon Orient Express fleet Pullman trains in Great Britain were noted for their luxurious carriages. ... A Pullman sleeping car porter. ...

References

• Welsh, Joe and Howes, Bill (2004). Travel By Pullman. MBI Publishing Inc.. 

External links

• A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum
• A. Philip Randolph / Sleeping Car Porters
• The Abraham Lincoln 1910 Heavyweight Pullman Business Car — photographs and short history.
• Canadian National Railways Sleeping Car No. 1683 St. Hyacinthe — photographs and short history of a Sleeping Car built in 1929.
• Chicago Historical Society's Pullman website
• Historic Pullman Foundation
• Pullman from Illinois Labor History Society
• Pullman Neighborhood Website
• Pullman Shops of Richmond, California
• NYC Transit Authority R46 Subway Car
• MBTA Red Line 01600 Series Subway Car
• Sleeping in Comfort: Pullman Fundamentals
• The Pullman Virtual Museum Home of the Pullman Preservation Alliance, a service of the State of Illinois
• Newberry Library, Pullman Collection Scroll down to "Pullman Company"; not much available on line - another case of having to visit their library to use the collections.
• The Pullman Project Tom Madden's excellent source for Pullman car information; this web site focuses solely on Pullman's sleeper cars
• Smithsonian, Pullman Palace Car Company Collection, 1867-1979