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Encyclopedia > Pulse (legume)

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Pulses are defined by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as annual leguminous crops yielding from one to twelve grains or seeds of variable size, shape and color within a pod. Pulses are used for food and animal feed. FAO emblem With its headquarters in Rome, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations programs seek to raise levels of nutrition and standard of living; to improve the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of food and agricultural products; to promote rural development; and, by these means, to... Varieties of soybean seeds, a popular legume A flowering legume (Lupin) The term legume has two closely related meanings in botany, a situation encountered with many botanical common names of useful plants whereby an applied name can refer to either the plant itself, or to the edible fruit (or useful... Look up pod on Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The term pulses, as used by the FAO, is reserved for crops harvested solely for the dry grain and therefore excludes green beans and green peas, which are considered vegetable crops. Also excluded are crops which are mainly grown for oil extraction,oilseeds like soybeans and peanuts, and crops which are used exclusively for sowing (clovers, alfalfa). Seeds which are grown for their oil. ... Pulses are important food crops due to their high protein and essential amino acid content. Like many leguminous crops, pulses play a key role in crop rotation due to their ability to fix nitrogen. A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... An essential amino acid for an organism is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized by the organism from other available resources, and therefore must be supplied as part of its diet. ... Crop rotation: grain crop, fallow land, legumes Crop rotation is the practice of growing two (or more) dissimilar type of crops in the same space in sequence. ... Nitrogen fixation is the process by which nitrogen is taken from its relatively inert molecular form (N2) in the atmosphere and converted into nitrogen compounds useful for other chemical processes (such as, notably, ammonia, nitrate and nitrogen dioxide). ... Contents 1 Statistics 2 Classification of pulses 3 Protein Content 4 Reference 5 See also 6 External link Statistics India is both the world's largest producer and the world's largest importer of pulses. Canada, Myanmar, Australia and the United States are significant exporters of pulses. These are the four most significant suppliers of India's imports, in that order. The vast majority of leguminous crops grown in the United States are soybeans used as livestock feed and for extraction of vegetable oil, and peanuts both of which are not considered pulses. Binomial name Glycine max Merr. ... Vegetable oil or vegoil is fat extracted from plant sources, known as oil plants. ... Charlie Brown is the principal character of the Peanuts comic strip Peanuts was a syndicated daily comic strip written and drawn by American cartoonist Charles M. Schulz, which ran from October 2, 1950 to February 13, 2000. ... Classification of pulses FAO recognizes 11 primary pulses. Dry beans (Phaseolus spp. including several species now in Vigna) Kidney bean, haricot bean, pinto bean, navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Lima bean, butter bean (Vigna lunatus) Azuki bean, adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) Mung bean, golden gram, green gram (Vigna radiata) Black gram, Urd (Vigna mungo) Scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus) Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) Moth bean (Vigna acontifolia) Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) Dry broad beans (Vicia faba) Horse bean (Vicia faba) Broad bean(Vicia faba) Field bean (Vicia faba) Dry peas (Pisum spp.) Garden pea (Pisum sativum var. sativum) Protein pea (Pisum sativun var. arvense) Chickpea, Garbonzo, Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) Dry cowpea, Black-eyed_pea, blackeye bean (Vigna unguiculata ssp. dekindtiana) Pigeon pea, cajan pea, congo bean (Cajanus cajan) Lentil (Lens culinaris) Bambara groundnut, earth pea (Vigna subterranea) Vetch, common vetch (Vicia sativa) Lupins (Lupinus spp.) Minor pulses include: Lablab, hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus) Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), sword bean (Canavalia gladiata) Winged bean (Psophocarpus teragonolobus) Velvet bean, cowitch (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis) Yam bean (Pachyrrizus erosus) Species Phaseolus acutifolius Tepary bean Phaseolus amblyosepalus Phaseolus angustissimus Phaseolus anisotrichos Phaseolus augustii Phaseolus brevicalyx Phaseolus chacoensis Phaseolus cibellii Phaseolus coccineus - Runner bean Phaseolus filiformis Phaseolus galactoides Phaseolus glabellus Phaseolus grayanus Phaseolus latidenticulatus Phaseolus leucanthus Phaseolus lunatus - Lima bean Phaseolus massaiensis Phaseolus micranthus Phaseolus microcarpus Phaseolus nelsonii Phaseolus oaxacanus Phaseolus... Dry kidney beans The kidney bean is a medium-sized variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with dark red skin. ... Binomial name Phaseolus vulgaris The Common bean or haricot is Phaseolus vulgaris of the family Fabaceae. ... Categories: Vegetables | Legumes | Food and drink stubs | Plant stubs ... The navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, is a small, white variety of the common bean. ... Binomial name Phaseolus lunatus L. The Lima bean or butter bean (Phaseolus lunatus, Fabaceae) is grown as a vegetable for its mature and immature beans. ... Binomial name Vigna angularis (Willd. ... Binomial name Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek Synonyms The mung bean is the seed of Vigna radiata which is native to India. ... Binomial name Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper Urd, urd bean, urad or black gram (Vigna mungo) is a bean grown in southern Asia. ... Binomial name Phaseolus coccineus L. The runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus, Fabaceae) is often called the scarlet runner bean since most varieties have red flowers and multicolored seeds, though some have white flowers and white seeds. ... Binomial name Vigna umbellata (Thunb. ... Binomial name Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq. ... Binomial name Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray The Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius, Fabaceae) is native to the southwestern US and Mexico and has been grown there by the native peoples since pre-Columbian times. ... Binomial name Vicia faba L. Vicia faba, the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, horse bean, field bean or tic bean is a species of bean (Fabaceae) native to north Africa and southwest Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere. ... Binomial name Vicia faba L. Vicia faba, the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, horse bean, field bean or tic bean is a species of bean (Fabaceae) native to north Africa and southwest Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere. ... Binomial name Vicia faba L. Vicia faba, the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, horse bean, field bean or tic bean is a species of bean (Fabaceae) native to north Africa and southwest Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere. ... Binomial name Vicia faba L. Vicia faba, the broad bean, fava bean, faba bean, horse bean, field bean or tic bean is a species of bean (Fabaceae) native to north Africa and southwest Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere. ... Binomial name Pisum sativum L. A pea is the small, edible round green bean which grows in a pod on the leguminous vine Pisum sativum. ... Binomial name Cicer arietinum L. The chickpea, garbanzo bean, ceci bean or bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) is an edible pulse of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. ... Binomial name Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ... THE BEST GROUP OF THE WORLD Trinomial name Vigna unguiculata unguiculata The black-eyed pea, also called black-eyed bean, blackeye, lobiya or chawli, is a subspecies of the cowpea, grown for its medium-sized edible bean, pale-colored with a prominent black spot. ... Binomial name Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. ... Binomial name Lens culinaris Medikus The lentil (Lens culinaris) is a bushy annual plant of the legume family, grown for its lens-shaped seeds. ... Binomial name Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. ... Binomial name Vicia sativa Vetch or tare is a nitrogen fixing leguminous plant. ... For other uses of the word see: Lupin (disambiguation) Species over 150 recognised species, including: Lupinus albus Lupinus angustifolius Lupinus arboreus Lupinus luteus Lupinus mutabilis Lupinus nootkatensis Lupinus polyphyllus Lupinus x regalis Lupinus texensis Lupin, often spelled lupine in the US, is the common name for members of the genus... Binomial name Lablab purpureus L. Sweet Hyacinth bean or Lablab (Lablab purpureus) is a cultivated species from the family Fabaceae. ... Binomial name Lablab purpureus L. Sweet Hyacinth bean or Lablab (Lablab purpureus) is a cultivated species from the family Fabaceae. ... Binomial name Psophocarpus tetragonolobus The winged bean, also known as the Goa bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, is a tropical plant found chiefly in rural areas of Papua ( New Guinea) and Southeast Asia. ... Binomial name Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. The tropical legume Mucuna pruriens (syn. ... Species Pachyrhizus ahipa Pachyrhizus erosus Pachyrhizus ferrugineus Pachyrhizus panamensis Pachyrhizus tuberosus Ref: ILDIS Version 6. ... Protein Content Pulses contain 20 to 25 % of proteins, which is double of that found in wheat and three times that found in rice. In fact pulses contain more protein than eggs, fish or flesh foods. Pulses are sometimes called poor man’s meat Pulse protein is equivalent in quality to soy protein which has been shown by the World Health Organization to be the equal of meat, milk and egg proteins. Soy protein is generally regarded as the storage protein held in discrete particles called protein bodies which are estimated to contain at least 60-70% of the total soybean protein. ... Reference Food and Agriculture Organization. DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF COMMODITIES, 4. PULSES AND DERIVED PRODUCTS, 1994 See also Fabaceae Subfamilies Faboideae Caesalpinioideae Mimosoideae References GRIN-CA 2002-09-01 The name Fabaceae belongs to either of two families, depending on viewpoint. ... External link http://www.grainlegumes.com/ http://www.beanslentils.com/about_b&l.htm http://www.citras.com.my/ Categories: Vegetables | Lists of foods | Granular materials

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	Columbia Encyclopedia- pulse - AOL Research & Learn (623 words) The leaves are usually compound; the fruit is a legume (a type of pod); and the blossoms may have an irregular butterflylike (papilionaceous) shape. Legumes provide valuable and nutritive foods because the food stored for the embryo in the seed (e.g., the pea) is rich in protein. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria dwelling in nodules of the roots of most legumes fix free nitrogen from the air into the nitrogenous compounds needed by all forms of life for building proteins (see nitrogen cycle). Pulse Crops (134 words) Pulse Crops are members of the legume family, seeds or plant parts of which are edible. Pulses are primarily warm-season annuals, requiring 40-100 cm of precipitation annually. Of the pulses of economic importance, chickpeas and SOYBEANS originated in China; common beans and lima beans in Central and South America; cowpeas, LENTILS, mung beans and peas in India; and FABA BEANS and mung beans in central Asia.
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