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In the context of unarmed combat or melee, a punch is "a thrusting blow, esp. with the fist." ^[1] In some sports and disciplines, such as boxing or martial arts, where punches are regularly practised, hand wraps or other padding such as gloves may be employed to protect athletes and practitioners from injuring themselves. ^[2][3] Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji   ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (平仮名), katakana (片仮名), and the Arabic numerals. ... Hiragana ) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana and kanji; the Latin alphabet is also used in some cases. ... Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji The Hepburn romanization system ) is named after James Curtis Hepburn, who used it to transcribe the sounds of the Japanese language into the Latin alphabet in the third edition of his Japanese–English dictionary, published... Japanese writing Kanji 漢字 Kana 仮名 Hiragana 平仮名 Katakana 片仮名 Uses Furigana 振り仮名 Okurigana 送り仮名 Romaji ローマ字 Kunrei-shiki (訓令式, Cabinet-ordered system) is a romanization system, that is, a system for transcribing the Japanese language into the Roman alphabet. ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... For other meanings of the term, see melée (disambiguation). ... For other senses of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer (disambiguation). ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... Hand and wrist wraps are equipment used in boxing and martial arts. ...

Contrary to some opinions, it is joint overuse,^[4] in addition to other factors such as improper technique and protection, not punching as an activity in itself, that is responsible for the development of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis / Osteoarthrosis (OA, also known as degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease, arthrosis or in more colloquial terms wear and tear), is a condition in which low-grade inflammation results in pain in the joints, caused by wearing of the cartilage that covers and acts as a cushion inside joints. ...

Punching styles

Many martial arts such as karate, taekwondo, muay thai and wing chun, among others, combine punches with kicks and other strikes, whereas boxing utilizes only punches. Punches vary in technique, speed, range, and momentum. A list of some types of punches may be seen as outlined below. Instructions on how to punch are beyond the scope of this article, though descriptive sentences may be used for illustrative purposes only. For other uses, see Karate (disambiguation). ... Taekwondo (also, Tae Kwon Do, Taekwon-Do, or Tae Kwon-Do) is a martial art and combat sport originating in Korea. ... For the drink with a similar-sounding name, see Mai Tai. ... Wing Chun, occasionally romanized as Ving Tsun or Wing Tsun (literally spring chant and alternatively as forever spring, or substituted with the character for eternal springtime[1]) is a Chinese martial art that specializes in aggressive close-range combat. ... For other senses of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer (disambiguation). ...

Boxing

In boxing, punches are classified according to the motion and direction of the strike; contact is always made with the knuckles. There are four primary punches in boxing: the jab, cross, hook, and uppercut. For more information, see the article entitled "Boxing". In boxing, a cross is a counter-punch. ... A hook is a punch in boxing. ... Lead hand uppercut The uppercut (sometimes also referred to as the upper), is a punch used in boxing that usually aims at the opponents chin. ... For other senses of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer (disambiguation). ...

Karate

Punching techniques in Karate are called tsuki or zuki. Contact is made with the first two knuckles (seiken). If any other part of the hand is used to strike with, such as the back of the fist (uraken) or the bottom of the fist (tetsui), then the blow is classified as a strike (uchi). For other uses, see Karate (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Karate punches include the thrust punch oi-zuki made using the lead-hand, straight punch choku-zuki, reverse punch gyaku-zuki, made from the opposite hand, and many other variations. ^[5] An oi zuki is a stepping punch technique found in karate Execution Oi zuki is typically executed from Zenkutsu dachi (front stance). ... Choku-zuki (直突き) translates literally to direct thrust. ... A gyaku zuki is a karate technique. ...

Ninjutsu

Like karate, punching techniques in bujinkan ninjutsu are usually called tsuki. ^{[citation needed]} There are many types of punches which one would use depending on the situation, required force and distance from the opponent. One basic beginner's punch is very similar to Wing Chun's vertical fist punch. The Bujinkan (武神館) is a martial arts organization practicing the art commonly referred to as Bujinkan Budō Taijutsu (武神館武道体術). It is headed by the Sōke of the school Masaaki Hatsumi (初見良昭). Masaaki Hatsumi is the recognized lineage holder of the nine ryūha[1][2][3] (see ancestral schools) transferred to him... Ninjutsu ) sometimes used interchangeably with the term ninpō ), it is the martial arts practiced by the shinobi (also commonly known as the ninja). ...

Wing Chun

Bruce Lee performing the "One inch punch", found in various Southern Chinese martial arts such as Wing Chun

Wing Chun practitioners punch with a vertical fist, or "sun fist". The impact is made with the bottom three knuckles, which keeps the wrist in proper alignment and reduces risk of injury to the wrist. Image File history File links One_inch_punch_bruce_lee_1964aug2_long_beach. ... Image File history File links One_inch_punch_bruce_lee_1964aug2_long_beach. ... Bruce Lee (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎolóng; Cantonese Yale: Léih Síulùhng; November 27, 1940 – July 20, 1973) was an American-born martial artist, philosopher, instructor, and martial arts actor widely regarded as the most influential martial artist of the 20th century and a... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Nan Quan (also called Southern Fist and Nan Chuan) is another form of Chinese boxing with a rather long history and a lot of schools and one of the more dynamic styles of Wushu. ... Wing Chun, occasionally romanized as Ving Tsun or Wing Tsun (literally spring chant and alternatively as forever spring, or substituted with the character for eternal springtime[1]) is a Chinese martial art that specializes in aggressive close-range combat. ... Wing Chun, occasionally romanized as Ving Tsun or Wing Tsun (literally spring chant and alternatively as forever spring, or substituted with the character for eternal springtime[1]) is a Chinese martial art that specializes in aggressive close-range combat. ...

The most common and fundamental punch in Wing Chun, the straight punch, travels in a straight line from the striker's guard to the opponent's body or face. The punch typically travels through the center of the striker's body with the elbow pointed down. Wing Chun practitioners believe that this makes the punch faster and structurally stronger than a horizontal punch due to the whole body being directly behind the punch. Unlike boxing, Wing Chun practitioners do not usually practice wearing gloves or hand-wraps.

The "one inch punch", made famous by Bruce Lee, is intended for use at very close quarters against an opponent who is close to the practitioner. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Bruce Lee (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎolóng; Cantonese Yale: Léih Síulùhng; November 27, 1940 – July 20, 1973) was an American-born martial artist, philosopher, instructor, and martial arts actor widely regarded as the most influential martial artist of the 20th century and a...

Various Types of Punches

This is not a comprehensive list of all punches, due to the large diversity of schools of practice whose techniques, employing arm, shoulder, hip and leg work, may invariably differ.

• Jab: "The jab is a straight blow delivered (generally from a distance) with the arm above the lead foot ... The punch is quick and explosive."^[6][7]
• Cross / Straight: A direct punch, like the jab, delivered with the rear hand.^[8]

An uppercut

• Hook: A punch involving the use of turning to aim toward the side of the head or body. ^[9]
• Uppercut: The fist is raised vertically towards the target, usually the head or upper body. Although it varies with the fighter, an uppercut is usually a devastating punch. Mike Tyson had a very effective uppercut.^[10]
• Hammer punch:^{[citation needed]} A compacted fist is brought down as fast as possible on the intended target.
• Long fist:^{[citation needed]} By tucking the fingertips against the bottom knuckle of each finger, a long fist is formed. They offer decreased strength but increased reach.
• Backfist:^{[citation needed]} A backfist is performed by forming a fist and striking with the tops of the two largest knuckles. A spinning backfist is performed when the attacker swivels 360 degrees before landing the punch, adding extra momentum to the attack. Fraser Drew has a powerful spinning backfist. ^{[citation needed]}
• Haymaker:^{[citation needed]} A punch that mimics the action of throwing a baseball. A haymaker uses a person's entire weight to throw the punch, thus, a long windup is needed. Haymakers are frequently used from a mounted position in mixed martial arts as part of the "ground and pound" method. ^{[citation needed]}
• Overhand:^{[citation needed]} The blow lands on a vertical axis rather than a horizontal one.
• Chambered Punch: A strike commonly performed in karate, kung fu, and tae kwon do, originating from a "chambered" position.^[11]
• Upset Punch:^{[citation needed]} Starts with the fist in the chambered position, with the palm facing downwards, delivered to the abdomen or solar plexus.

• Shovel Hook: A close range punch that is halfway between a hook and an uppercut.

A jab A jab is one of the four main punches used in boxing, the three others being the uppercut, the hook and the cross. ... In boxing, a cross is a counter-punch. ... Image File history File links Lead_hand_uppercut. ... Image File history File links Lead_hand_uppercut. ... Lead hand uppercut The uppercut (sometimes also referred to as the upper), is a punch used in boxing that usually aims at the opponents chin. ... A hook is a punch in boxing. ... Lead hand uppercut The uppercut (sometimes also referred to as the upper), is a punch used in boxing that usually aims at the opponents chin. ... Michael Gerard Tyson (born June 30, 1966) is a former American world heavyweight boxing champion and is the youngest man to have won a world heavyweight title. ... A mount is a position in grappling, where one combatant sits on the chest of another. ... For the fighting styles that combine different arts, see hybrid martial arts. ... This is a reference to the tactic in Mixed Martial Arts or in fighting in general of taking an opponent to the ground by a takedown, throw or tackle, then striking the opponent while they are on the ground, pinned under the attacker. ...

Other types of hand strikes

In multiple martial-art styles, other hand strikes are taught and used in combination with punches. More information can be found in the "strike" article.

Records

The Guinness World Record for the most punches in one minute is held by Jim Fung's student, Robert Ardito, who performed 700 punches in one minute at the International Wing Chun Academy in Sydney on the 18th of March, 2007.^[12] Jim Fung (Fung Chuen Keung 馮傳強;May 16, 1944 - March 18, 2007) Jim Fung was a practitioner and teacher of Wing Chun kung fu and founder of the International Wing Chun Academy. He had been training under his master, Tsui Seung Tin (徐尚田), since 1960. ... Jim Fung (Fung Chuen Keung 馮傳強;May 16, 1944 - March 18, 2007) Jim Fung was a practitioner and teacher of Wing Chun kung fu and founder of the International Wing Chun Academy. He had been training under his master, Tsui Seung Tin (徐尚田), since 1960. ...

See also

• Martial arts
• Strike
• Hand to hand combat
• Kick

Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Close Quarters Combat. ... For other uses, see Kick (disambiguation). ...

External links

• Kung Fu magazine:One punch-The Wing Chun Warrior's Attack Strategy
• Bruce Lee discusses the Jeet Kune Do punch

References