|
Qian Zhongshu (November 21, 1910 – December 19, 1998) was a Chinese literary scholar, writer and polyglot, famous for his burning wit and formiddable erudition. Qian Zhongshu File links The following pages link to this file: Qian Zhongshu ...
Qian Zhongshu File links The following pages link to this file: Qian Zhongshu ...
Chinese personal names follow a number of conventions different from those of Western personal names. ...
Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiǎntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiǎnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ...
Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Pinyin (Chinese: 拼音, pÄ«nyÄ«n) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hà nyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n (汉è¯æ‹¼éŸ³, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to...
Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ...
A Chinese courtesy name, sometimes also known as a style name, was a pseudonym that was used in place of a given name by educated Chinese up until the 20th century. ...
November 21 is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
Jump to: navigation, search 1910 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Jump to: navigation, search 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...
Open Directory Project: Literature World Literature Electronic Text Archives Magazines and E-zines Online Writing Writers Resources Libraries, Digital Cataloguing, Metadata Distance Learning Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Classicism in Literature The Universal Library, by Carnegie Mellon University Project Gutenberg Online Library Abacci - Project Gutenberg texts matched with Amazon...
Among the general readers, he was best known for his satiric novel Fortress Besieged (TC:《圍城》). His works of non-fiction are characterised by the unusual amount of quotations: in his magnum opus Guan Zhui Bian (TC:《管錐篇》), it is said that more than 2,000 Chinese and Western works are cited. Satire is a literary technique of writing or art which exposes the follies of its subject (for example, individuals, organizations, or states) to ridicule, often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. ...
DeFoes Robinson Crusoe, Newspaper edition published in 1719 A novel (from French nouvelle, new) is an extended fictional narrative in prose. ...
Fortress Besieged (Simplified Chinese: 围城; Traditional Chinese: åœåŸŽ; Pinyin: wéi chéng) is a comedy of manners written by Qian Zhongshu, published in 1947. ...
Magnum opus (sometimes Opus magnum), from the Latin meaning great work, refers to the best or most renowned achievement of an author, artist, or composer. ...
Life
Born in Wuxi, Qian Zhongshu is the son of Qian Jibo (TC:錢基博), a conservative Confucian scholar. Qian Zhongzhu grew up under the care of his eldest uncle, who did not have a son. Qian was initially named Yangzhi (TC:仰之). When he was one year old, according to a tradition practised in many parts of China, he was given a few objects laid out in front of him for his "grabbing". He grabbed a book. His uncle then renamed him Zhongshu, literally meaning "being fond of books". His father later also changed his zi to Mocun, literally meaning "to keep silent", in the hope that he would be less talkative. Wuxi (无锡/無錫, lit. ...
Confucianism (儒家 Pinyin: rújiā The School of the Scholars), sometimes translated as the School of Literati, is an East Asian ethical, religious and philosophical system originally developed from the teachings of Confucius. ...
A Chinese courtesy name, sometimes also known as a style name, was a pseudonym that was used in place of a given name by educated Chinese up until the 20th century. ...
Although he never did shake his chatty nature, Qian was indeed very fond of books. When he was young, his uncle often brought him along to tea houses at night. There Qian was left alone to read storybooks on folklore and historical events, which he would repeat to his cousins upon returning home.
When Qian was ten, his uncle passed away. He continued living with his widowed aunt, even though their living conditions worsened drastically due to the severed income. Under the severe teaching of his father, Qian has mastered classical Chinese. At the age of fourteen, Qian left home to attend a western-style, English-speaking school in Suzhou. Classical Chinese or Literary Chinese (文言, pinyin: wényán, literal meaning: literary language or 古文, literal: ancient written language) is a traditional style of written Chinese prose using grammar and vocabulary very different from any modern spoken form of Chinese. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Suzhou (Simplified Chinese: è‹å·ž; Traditional Chinese: 蘇州; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Su-chou; sometimes seen transliterated as Su-chow, Suchow, or Soochow) is one of the most famous cities in China. ...
Despite failing in Mathematics, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages under Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his excellent performance in Chinese and English languages. In Tsinghua he met his future wife Yang Jiang, who was to become a successful playwright and translator, and married her in 1935. It was probably also in his colleage days that he began his lifelong habit of collecting quotations and writing reading notes. Jump to: navigation, search Tsinghua University Tsinghua University (Simplified Chinese: 清åŽå¤§å¦; Traditional Chinese: 清è¯å¤§å¸; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ching-hua Ta-hsüeh) is one of the most prestigious universities in China. ...
Yang Jiang (Traditional Chinese:楊絳), born 1911, is a Chinese playwright, author, and translator. ...
In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship to further his studies abroad. Together with his wife, Qian headed for the University of Oxford in Britain. After spending two years at Exeter College, he received a Baccalaureus Litterarum (Bachelor of Literature). He then studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France, where his daughter Qian Yuan (TC:錢瑗) was born, before returning to China in 1938. Jump to: navigation, search The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ...
Jump to: navigation, search College name Exeter College Named after Walter de Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter Established 1314 Sister College Emmanuel College Rector Ms. ...
The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ...
Due to the unstable situation during the second Sino-Japanese War, Qian did not hold any long-term jobs until the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. However, he wrote extensively during the decade of chaos and uncertainty. The Second Sino-Japanese War was a major invasion of eastern China by Japan preceding and during World War II. It ended with the surrender of Japan in 1945. ...
 The old gate of Tsinghua University, where Qian Zhongshu studied and taught In 1949, Qian was appointed a professor in his alma mater. Four years later, an administrative adjustment saw the change of Tsinghua into a science and technology-based institute, with its Arts branches merged into Peking University (PKU). Qian was relieved of teaching and worked entirely in the Institute of Literary Studies (TC:文學研究所) under PKU. Old gate of Tsinghua University File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Old gate of Tsinghua University File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Peking University åšå¦å®¡é—®æ…Žæ€æ˜Žè¾¨ Peking University or Beijing University (Simplified Chinese: 北京大å¦; Traditional Chinese: 北京大å¸; pinyin: ), colloquially known as Beida (Simplified Chinese: 北大; Pinyin: ). Established in 1898, it is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in China. ...
During the Cultural Revolution, like many other prominent intellectuals of the time, Qian suffered persecution. Appointed to be a janitor, he was stripped of his favorite pastime - reading. However, he saw it through and continued to write. Jump to: navigation, search A poster during the Cultural Revolution. ...
A janitors bucket with mop A janitor or caretaker (term used in British English) is a person who takes care of a building, such as a school, office building, block of flats. ...
From 1978 to 1980, he visited several universities in Italy, the United States and Japan, impressing his audience with his great wit and improbable erudition. In 1982, he was instated as the deputy director of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He then began working on Guan Zhui Bian, which occupied the next decade of his life. The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (ä¸å›½ç¤¾ä¼šç§‘å¦é™¢) is the national academy of the Peoples Republic of China for the social sciences. ...
Fortress Besieged was reprinted in 1980, and became a best-seller. Many illegal reproductions and "continuations" followed. Qian's fame rose to its height when the novel was adapted into a TV serial in 1990. Readers kept visiting the secluded scholar, and the famous anecdote goes that Qin replied to an old lady, who loved the novel and came to visit the author, that "is it necessary for one to visit the hen if he loves the eggs it lays?" Chinese Television Series are similiar to miniseries in North America, but are often longer in length, and portray a story too lengthy to be made into a movie. ...
HEN is an H manga (commonly called hentai by non-Japanese) which was the first work created by manga artist Hiroya Oku, who is best known for GANTZ. HEN is a story about a man becoming a woman. ...
A carton of free-range chicken eggs Ostrich egg Bird eggs are a common food source. ...
Qian entered hospital in 1994, and never came out. On December 19 1998, he passed away in Beijing. The Xinhua News Agency, the official press agency of the PRC government, labelled him "an immortal" - a term usually reserved for revolutionary martyrs. Jump to: navigation, search Beijing [▶](audio help) (Chinese: 北京; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Pei-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Peking) is the capital of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC). ...
Jump to: navigation, search Front gate of the main building of Xinhua News Agency in Beijing The Xinhua News Agency (Simplified Chinese: æ–°åŽç¤¾; Traditional Chinese: æ–°è¯ç¤¾; pinyin: ), or NCNA (New China News Agency), is the official press agency of the government of the Peoples Republic of China and the biggest center...
Works Qian dwelled in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, which was under then Japanese occupation. Many of his works were written or published during this chaotic period of time. A collection of short essays, Marginalias of Life (TC:《寫在人生邊上》), a show of his unusual wit and erudition, was published in 1941. Men, Beasts and Ghosts (TC:《人‧獸‧鬼》), a collection of short stories, most of them satiric, was published in 1946. His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947. On the Art of Poetry (TC:《談藝錄》), written in classical Chinese, was published in 1948. Jump to: navigation, search Shanghai (Chinese: 上海; pinyin: ; Shanghainese IPA: ; Lumazi: Zanhe) , situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta, is Chinas largest city. ...
Beside rendering Mao Zedong's selected works into English, Qian was appointed to produce an anthology of poetry of Song Dynasty when he was working in the Institute of Literary Studies. The anthology (TC:《宋詩選注》) was published in 1958. Despite Qian's quoting the Chairman, and his selecting a considerable number of poems that reflect class struggle, the work was criticized by not being Marxist enough. The work was praised highly by the oversea critics, though, especially for its introduction and footnotes. In a new preface for the anthology written in 1988, the scholar in his usual quasi-humble tone said that the work was an embarrassing compromise of his personal taste and the then prevailing academic atmosphere. Jump to: navigation, search Mao Zedong â–¶(?) (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976; Mao Tse-tung in Wade-Giles) was the chairman of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China from 1943 and the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1945 until his death. ...
Jump to: navigation, search The Song Dynasty (Chinese: 宋æœ) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ...
Class struggle is class conflict looked at from a Marxist, libertarian socialist, or anarchist perspective. ...
Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ...
Seven Pieces Patched Together (TC:《七綴集》), a collection of seven pieces of literary criticism written (and revised) over years in vernacular Chinese, was published in 1984. This collection includes the famous essay "Lin Shu's Translation" (TC:〈林紓的翻譯〉). Beside their scholarly value, the seven pieces can also be regarded as real gems of modern Chinese. Jump to: navigation, search Vernacular Chinese (pinyin: báihuà ; Wade-Giles: paihua) is a style or register of the written Chinese language essentially modeled after the spoken language and associated with Standard Mandarin. ...
Lin Shu (æž—ç´“ 1852-1924) is a Chinese man of letters, most famous for his introducing Western literature to a whole generation of Chinese readers, despite his ignorance of any foreign language. ...
Qian's magnum opus is the five-volume Guan Zhui Bian, literally the Pipe-Awl Collection, translated into English as Limited Views. Begun in the 1980s and published in its current form in the mid-1990s, it is an extensive collection of short essays on poetics, semiotics, literary history and related topics written in classical Chinese. Qian's command of the cultural traditions of Classical and Modern Chinese, ancient Greek (in translations), Latin, English, German, French, Italian, and Spanish allowed him to construct a towering structure of polyglot and cross-cultural allusions. He took as the basis of this work a range of Chinese classical texts, including I-Ching, Classic of Poetry, Chuci, Zuozhuan, Shiji, Tao Te Ching, Liezi, Jiaoshi Yilin, Taiping Guangji and the Complete Prose of the Pre-Tang dynasties. From neglected details in these works, he found points of connections with works from other literatures. Poetics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Semiotics - also known as semiology - is the study of signs, both individually and grouped in sign systems, and includes the study of how meaning is transmitted and understood. ...
Ancient Greek refers to the stage in the history of the Greek language corresponding to Classical Antiquity, which normally applies on two ancient periods of Greek history: Archaic and Classic Greece. ...
Jump to: navigation, search Latin is an Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ...
Jump to: navigation, search The I Ching is the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. ...
Shī Jīng (詩經), translated variously as the Classic of Poetry, the Book of Songs or the Book of Odes, is the first major collection of Chinese poems. ...
The Records of the Grand Historian or the Records of the Grand Historian of China was the magnum opus of Sima Qian, in which he recounted Chinese history from the time of the mythical Yellow Emperor until his own time. ...
The Tao Te Ching (道德經, Pinyin: D Jīng, thus sometimes rendered in recent works as Dao De Jing; archaic pre-Wade-Giles rendering: Tao Teh Ching; roughly translated as The Book of the Way and its Virtue (see dedicated chapter below on translating the title)) is an ancient Chinese scripture...
Jump to: navigation, search Also the name of a rock band. ...
Qian Zhongshu was one of the most well-known Chinese authors to the Western world. Fortress Besieged has been translated into English, French, German, Russian, Japanese and Spanish.
Posthumous publications The posthumous publication of Qian's works has drawn considerable criticism.
A 13-volume edition of Works of Qian Zhongshu (TC:《錢鍾書集》) was published in 2001 by the Joint Publishing. For one thing, the edition is a hard-covered deluxe one, whereas all of Qian's works published during his lifetime are cheap paperbacks. Although the publisher claimed that the edition had been proofread by many experts [1], obvious errors are not uncommmon. The most valuable part of the edition, titled Marginalias on the Marginalias of Life (TC:《寫在人生邊上的邊上》), is a collection of Qian's writings scattering in periodicals, magazines and other books. The writings collected there are, however, arranged without any visible order. Paperback may refer to a kind of book binding by which papers are simply folded without cloth or leather and bound - usually with glue rather than stitches or staples - into a thick paper cover; or to a book with this type of binding. ...
The 10-volume Expansions and Revisions of Songshi Jishi (TC:《宋詩紀事補正》), a purely scholarly work, published in 2003, was also condemned by some as a shoddy publication. [2]
The facsimiles of parts of Qian's notebooks have appeared in 2004, and has similarly drawn some criticism. [3]
See also |
Feeds |
Contact