Quantum chaos is an interdisciplinary branch of physics, arising from so-called semi-classical models. The willingness to question previously held truths and search for new answers resulted in a period of major scientific advancements, now known as the Scientific Revolution. ...

Classical mechanics has historically been one of the fundamental theories of physics, and is complete in the sense that all its axioms are mutually consistent and not in need of further incremental refinement. However, many of the most difficult unsolved problems in contemporary physics and applied mathematics in fact originate in classical mechanics, and in particular in the field of deterministic chaos. Laws of classical mechanics govern the macroscopic world of everyday experience. In physics, Classical mechanics is one of the two major sub-fields of study in the science of mechanics, which is concerned with the motions of bodies, and the forces that cause them. ... The willingness to question previously held truths and search for new answers resulted in a period of major scientific advancements, now known as the Scientific Revolution. ... Axiom - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... In physics, Classical mechanics is one of the two major sub-fields of study in the science of mechanics, which is concerned with the motions of bodies, and the forces that cause them. ... Chaos theory, in mathematics and physics, deals with the behavior of certain nonlinear dynamical systems that (under certain conditions) exhibit the phenomenon known as chaos, most famously characterised by sensitivity to initial conditions (see butterfly effect). ...

An important question of quantum mechanics is how to obtain the laws of classical mechanics as limiting cases of the more fundamental laws governing the microscopic constituents of matter. The correspondence principle is an expression of this goal, which strongly influenced the early development of quantum mechanical theories and their applications. However, the classical limit of a quantum description may lead to a mechanical system with chaotic dynamics. Fig. ... In physics, the correspondence principle is a principle, first invoked by Niels Bohr in 1923, which states that the behavior of quantum mechanical systems reduce to classical physics in the limit of large quantum numbers. ...

During the first half of the twentieth century, chaotic behavior in mechanics was recognized (in celestial mechanics), but not well-understood. The foundations of modern quantum mechanics were laid in that period, essentially leaving aside the issue of the quantum-classical correspondence in systems whose classical limit exhibits chaos. Fig. ...

This question defines the field of quantum chaos, which has emerged in the second half of the twentieth century, aided to a large extent by renewed interest in classical nonlinear dynamics (chaos theory), and by quantum experiments bordering on the macroscopic size regime where laws of classical mechanics are expected to emerge. This transition regime between classical and quantum systems is also called semiclassical physics. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... Chaos theory, in mathematics and physics, deals with the behavior of certain nonlinear dynamical systems that (under certain conditions) exhibit the phenomenon known as chaos, most famously characterised by sensitivity to initial conditions (see butterfly effect). ... In physics, Classical mechanics is one of the two major sub-fields of study in the science of mechanics, which is concerned with the motions of bodies, and the forces that cause them. ...

Similar questions arise in many different branches of physics, ranging from nuclear to atomic, molecular and solid-state physics, and even to acoustics, microwaves and optics. This is what makes quantum chaos an interdisciplinary field, unified by wave phenomena that can be interpreted as fingerprints of classical chaos. Such phenomena can be identified in spectroscopy by analyzing the statistical distribution of spectral lines. Other phenomena show up in the time evolution of a quantum system, or in its response to various types of external forces. In some contexts, such as acoustics or microwaves, wave patterns are directly observable and exhibit irregular amplitude distributions. Nuclear physics is the branch of physics concerned with the nucleus of the atom. ... Atomic physics (or atom physics) is physics of the electron hull of atoms. ... Molecular physics is the study of the physical properties of molecules and of the chemical bonds between atoms that bind them into molecules. ... Condensed matter physics (or many-body physics) is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic physical properties of matter. ... Acoustics is a branch of physics and is the study of sound, mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids. ... This page is about the radiation; for the appliance, see microwave oven. ... See also list of optical topics. ... Spectroscopy is the study of spectra, that is, the dependence of physical quantities on frequency. ... Amplitude is a nonnegative scalar measure of a waves magnitude of oscillation. ...

Important observations often associated with classically chaotic quantum systems are level repulsion in the spectrum, dynamical localization in the time evolution (e.g. ionization rates of atoms), and enhanced stationary wave intensities in regions of space where classical dynamics exhibits only unstable trajectories (wave function scarring).

Important methods applied in the theoretical study of quantum chaos include random-matrix theory (significant contributions by Oriol Bohigas, see also American Scientist) and periodic-orbit theory (pioneered by Martin Gutzwiller). An alternative name for quantum chaos, proposed by Sir Michael Berry, is quantum chaology. Martin C. Gutzwiller is a physicist. ... Michael Berry is also the name of a writer. ...