Quarry Bank Mill is an historic factory in Cheshire, England, one of the best preserved of the Industrial Revolution and is now a museum of the cotton industry. A factory worker in 1940s Fort Worth, Texas. ... The Cheshire Plain - photo taken adjacent to Beeston Castle The Cheshire Plain - photo taken towards Merseyside The Cheshire Plain panorama - photo taken from Mid-Cheshire Ridge Cattle farming in the county Black-and-white timbered buildings on Nantwich High Street Cheshire (or, archaically, the County of Chester) [1] is a... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2005 est. ... A Watt steam engine in Madrid. ... Cotton ready for harvest. ...

The mill was founded by Samuel Greg in 1784 in the village of Styal on the River Bollin. Its original iron water wheel was designed by Thomas Hewes and built between 1816 and 1820. The Hewes wheel finally broke in 1904. After that the River Bollin continued to power the mill, through two water turbines. Today the Mill is home to the most powerful working waterwheel in Europe, an iron water wheel which was originally at Glasshouses Mill at Patley Bridge. This wheel was designed by Sir William Fairbairn, the Scottish engineer who had been an apprentice of Thomas Hewes. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (591x885, 153 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Quarry Bank Mill Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (591x885, 153 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Quarry Bank Mill Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... Samuel Greg (March 26, 1758 - June 4, 1834) was a British entrepreneur and pioneer of the factory system at Quarry Bank Mill. ... Styal is a village in Cheshire, England, on the River Bollin and near to the town of Wilmslow. ... The River Bollin is a river in the north-west of England and a major tributary of the River Mersey. ... An overshot water wheel standing 42 feet high powers the Old Mill at Berry College in Rome, Georgia A water wheel (also waterwheel, Norse mill, Persian wheel or noria) is a hydropower system; a system for extracting power from a flow of water. ... The River Bollin is a river in the north-west of England and a major tributary of the River Mersey. ... An overshot water wheel standing 42 feet high powers the Old Mill at Berry College in Rome, Georgia A water wheel (also waterwheel, Norse mill, Persian wheel or noria) is a hydropower system; a system for extracting power from a flow of water. ... This article concerns the 19th-century Scottish engineer Sir William Fairbairn, for the 20th-century British police officer and soldier see William E. Fairbairn Sir William Fairbairn Sir William Fairbairn (February 19, 1789 - August 18, 1874) was a Scottish engineer. ...

The estate surrounding the mill, also developed by Greg, is the most complete and least altered factory colony of the Industrial Revolution. The estate and mill were donated to the National Trust in 1939 by Alexander Carlton Greg and are open to the public. The mill continued in commercial production until 1959. The standard of the National Trust The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as The National Trust, is a British preservation organization. ...

The factory was founded for the spinning of cotton and by Samuel Greg's retirement in 1832 was the largest such business in the United Kingdom. The water-powered Georgian mill still produces cotton calico. After Samuel Greg died in 1834 his son, Robert Hyde Greg took over the business and soon took the decision to introduce weaving at the mill. Spinning refers to several activities: For the fabrication of thread, see Spinning (textiles). ... Calico is a fabric made from unbleached, and often not fully processed, cotton. ... Robert Hyde Greg (September 24, 1795 - February 21, 1875), was an English industrialist, economist and antiquary. ... Tweed loom, Harris, 2004 Woven sheet Weaving is an ancient textile art and craft that involves placing two sets of threads or yarn made of fiber called the warp and weft of the loom and turning them into cloth. ...

Originally Samuel Greg converted farm buildings in the nearby village of Styal to house the workers for the mill. As the mill increased in size, purpose-built housing in Styal was constructed for the workers. The village is still a thriving community.

Quarry Bank Mill is notable for its use of unpaid child apprentices, a system that continued until 1847, with the last child to be indentured starting work in 1841. Greg employed Peter Holland, father of the Royal Physician Sir Henry Holland, 1st Baronet and a relation of Elizabeth Gaskell, as mill doctor. Holland was responsible for the health of the children and other workers, and was the first doctor to be employed in such a capacity. The children lived in a separate building near the factory called the Apprentice House. Most children came from workhouses. They would work long days with schoolwork and gardening after coming back from the mill. The work could sometimes be dangerous with fingers being lost occasionally. However, most children were happy to work in the mill because life at a workhouse would be worse. Today the Apprentice House is open to the public with timed tours being conducted by costumed interpreters. Sir Henry Holland, 1st Baronet (27 October 1788-27 October 1873) was a British physician and travel writer. ... Elizabeth Gaskell Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell (September 29, 1810, London – November 12, 1865, Holybourne, Hampshire, England, UK), often referred to simply as Mrs Gaskell, was a British novelist. ... Former workhouse at Nantwich, dating from 1780 A workhouse was a place where people who were unable to support themselves could go to live and work. ...

The Greg family were Unitarians and built Norcliffe Chapel in Styal village. Their non-conformist religious beliefs provided the Gregs with important business contacts as many of the major Manchester Industrialists were Unitarian. Methodist workers at the mill later sought a place of worship, and the Gregs converted a grain store in Styal village into a Chapel for their use. poo Historic Unitarianism believed in the oneness of God as opposed to traditional Christian belief in the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit). ... Manchester is a major city in North West England, historically notable for being the worlds first industrialised city, and its subsequent central role in the Industrial Revolution. ... Industrialist mainly refers to a person who takes a leading or visionary role in the process of building up an industry over a long time. ... The Methodist movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity. ...

External links

• Quarry Bank Mill and Styal Estate information at the National Trust
• Quarry Bank Mill and Styal Estate