The quartalnumeral system is the base four system, and uses the digits 0-3. Two quartal digits contain a nybble; four contain a byte. A single quartal digit can be described by two bits.
Quartal numerals can be made from binary numerals by grouping consecutive digits into pairs (from right).
E.g.: The binary representation for decimal 74 is 1001010, which groups into 1 00 10 10. So the quartal representation is 1022.
Quartal harmony is so called because it is based on the fourth and on its octave complement, the fifth.
Quartal harmony in pop is in fact most often found together with tunes in the dorian, aeolian or minor pentatonic mode, for example in many a track by Steeleye Span or the Albion Country Band.
Quartal key changes occur in examples 22 (from C#4-5-$7 to E4-5-$7), 23 (from Dm11 to E$m11) and 24 (a riff whose two poles are [i] Dm11 and A4-5-$7 and [ii] Cm11, E$11, G$/f).
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