The Coat of Arms of Queen Elizabeth II in the United Kingdom.

The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom, as used in Scotland.

This is a list of British monarchs, that is, the monarchs on the thrones of some of the various kingdoms that have existed on, or incorporated, the island of Great Britain, namely: UK Royal Coat of Arms This work is copyrighted. ... UK Royal Coat of Arms This work is copyrighted. ... The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom The Royal Arms of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II are her arms of dominion in right of the United Kingdom. ... Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor), styled HM The Queen (born 21 April 1926) is the Queen regnant and head of state of Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent... Image File history File links Uploaded by Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason. ... Image File history File links Uploaded by Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason. ... The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom The Royal Arms of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II are her arms of dominion in right of the United Kingdom. ... Scotland (Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is a country in northwest Europe, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. ... The British monarch or Sovereign is the monarch and head of state of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories, and is the source of all executive, judicial and (as the Queen-in-Parliament) legislative power. ... A monarch is a type of ruler or head of state. ...

• England (united with Wales from 1536) up to 1707;
• Scotland up to 1707;
• The Kingdom of Great Britain (after England & Scotland united in 1707);
• The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (after Great Britain and Ireland united in 1801)
• The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (The UK after the Irish Free State was formed and became a separate nation in the 1920s).

Since 1559 English monarchs have had the title Supreme Governor of the Church of England. The Kingdom of England has no specific founding date. ... National motto: Cymru am byth (Welsh: Wales for ever) Waless location within the UK Official languages English(100%), Welsh(20. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Scotland (Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is a country in northwest Europe, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Union Flag (1606-1800) The Kingdom of Great Britain, also sometimes known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was created by the merging of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England under the 1707 Act of Union to create a single kingdom encompassing the whole of Great... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... The Union Flag, in its modern form, was first adopted in 1801. ... 1801 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Wikinews has news related to: United Kingdom Travel guide to United Kingdom from Wikitravel BBC Nations History of the nations within the UK British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) British Fashion - Wikichic. ... The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British and Irish... The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is a title held by the British Monarchs that signifies their titular leadership over the Church of England. ...

In 1328, on the death of the French king, Charles IV, Edward III (nephew of Charles IV) claimed the French throne. British monarchs then styled themselves "King/Queen of France" until the Act of Union, which led to the creation of the United Kingdom in 1801. By then France had been a republic for ten years. See: English Kings of France Events May 1 - Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton - England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence May 12 - Nicholas V is consecrated at St Peters Basilica in Rome by the bishop of Venice. ... Charles IV the Fair ( French: Charles IV le Bel) ( 1294 – February 1, 1328), a member of the Capetian Dynasty, reigned as King of France from 1322 to 1328. ... Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English kings of medieval times. ... The 1800 Act of Union merged the Kingdom of Ireland and the Kingdom of Great Britain (itself a merger of England and Scotland under the Act of Union 1707) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801. ... 1801 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article or section should be merged with English claims to the French throne From 1339 to 1801, with only brief intervals in 1360-1369 and 1420-1422, the Kings of England also bore the title of King of France. ...

Note that the numbering of English monarchs starts afresh after 1066 (although this affects only the Edwards).

To see the rulers of the small kingdoms which existed before the formation of England, Scotland or Wales, see: Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Englands location within the UK Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area  - Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 1st UK 49,138,831 377/km² Ethnicity... Scotland (Alba in Scottish Gaelic) is a country in northwest Europe, occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain. ... National motto: Cymru am byth (Welsh: Wales for ever) Waless location within the UK Official languages English(100%), Welsh(20. ...

• Mythical British Kings
• List of rulers of Wales
• Kings of the Picts
• Kings of Dalriada
• Kings of Strathclyde
• Kings of the Isle of Man and the Isles
• Kings of the Isle of Man
• Kings of East Anglia
• Kings of Essex
• Kings of Kent
• Kings of Sussex
• Kings of Wessex
• Kings of Mercia
• Kings of Northumbria

See also: Bretwalda The term King of the Britons refers to the legendary kings of Celtic Great Britain as established by such pseudo-historical authors as Nennius, Gildas, and predominantly Geoffrey of Monmouth. ... Before the Norman Conquest of Wales was completed in 1282, Wales consisted of a number of independent principalities, the most important being Gwynedd, Powys, Deheubarth (originally Seisyllwg and Dyfed), Gwent and Morgannwg. ... This article needs cleanup. ... This is the list of the kings of Dalriada, in chronological order, with their approximate reigns: Fergus I of Dalriada 500-501 Domangart I of Dalriada 501-507 Comgall of Dalriada 507-538 Comgall of Dalriada 507-538 Gabhran of Dalriada 538-558 Conall I of Dalriada 558-574 Aedan... Strathclyde was one of the kingdoms of ancient Scotland in the post-Roman period. ... list not complete (sub-kings ruled before this) Godfred IV of the Isle of Man (1079-1095) Magnus II of the Isle of Man (1095-1102) Lagman of the Isle of Man (1102-1104) Sigurd of the Isle of Man (1104-1130) Domnall mac Teige of the Isle of Man... For Rulers before this see: List of Kings of the Isle of Man and the Isles Norse Rule: Godfred V of the Isle of Man (1164) Ragnald of the Isle of Man (1164) Godfred V of the Isle of Man (1164-1187) Ragnald of the Isle of Man (1187-1229... The Kingdom of the East Angles (one of the seven traditional kingdoms of the so-called Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy) was founded in the 6th century. ... The Kingdom of the East Seaxe (one of the seven traditional kingdoms of the so-called Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy) was founded around AD500, occupying territory to the north and east of London. ... Kings of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Kent Most of the dates of reigns below have multiple alternate values, the sources being in disagreement. ... List of Kings of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Sussex Many of the dates of this time are unreliable and the list contains substantial gaps. ... This is a list of monarchs of Wessex until 924. ... A list of the Kings etc. ... Northumbria, an kingdom of Angles in northern England, was initially divided into two kingdoms, Bernicia and Deira. ... The title of Bretwalda was one perhaps used by some of the kings of the kingdoms of England (the so_called Anglo_Saxon heptarchy) in the second half of the first millennium AD. Such a king was considered to be the overlord of several Anglo_Saxon kingdoms. ...

Complications over Title and Style

James VI of Scotland and I of England, united the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland in a personal union, later merged into a single Kingdom of Great Britain by the Act of Union 1707.

Royal titles are complicated because in some cases names of kingdoms are used that did not officially come into existence until later, or came into existence earlier without immediate adoption of the royal title. Download high resolution version (527x907, 352 KB)Paulus van Somer. ... Download high resolution version (527x907, 352 KB)Paulus van Somer. ... James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ... A personal union consists of two or more entities that are internationally considered separate states, but sharing the same Head of State (and thence also sharing whatever political actions are vested in the Head of State, but no, or at least extremely few, others). ... Union Flag (1606-1800) The Kingdom of Great Britain, also sometimes known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was created by the merging of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England under the 1707 Act of Union to create a single kingdom encompassing the whole of Great... The Acts of Union were twin Acts of Parliament passed in 1707 (taking effect on 26 March) in the Scottish and the English Parliaments. ...

• For example, in October 1604, one year after James VI of Scotland had become King of England, he decreed that the Royal Title would use the term Great Brittaine to refer to the "one Imperiall Crowne" made up of England and Scotland. However using that title is problematic because the 'state' of Great Britain was not created until the Act of Union 1707. Nor was the united crown generally referred to as 'imperial'. Furthermore, monarchs continued to use ordinals attached to the two previous kingdoms, for instance James VII/II. To avoid confusion, historians in general thus refer to all monarchs up to 1707 as monarchs of England and Scotland (so explaining their two ordinals where they existed), with the monarch's title at all times accurately following the official name or names of the state or states they reigned over where it differed from the official royal title. (Hence though many English and British monarchs claimed France as part of their official title, that had no reality in substance, so it isn't used.) After the Union, the ordinal has either been the English number, or the greater of the two numbers - the results have been the same and there is no formal rule.

• In different documents, the terms Kingdom of Great Britain and United Kingdom of Great Britain feature, even documents as official as the Act of Union 1707. Most historians presume the United was meant to be descriptive, indicating a union as a form of unity by marriage rather than coercion. For clarity and because the United is far more strongly associated with the later name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland produced in the Act of Union 1800, the 1707 Kingdom is generally referred to as the Kingdom of Great Britain.

• Similarly, though the Irish Free State ceased to be part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1922, neither the full name of the United Kingdom nor the royal title were changed until the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927. In this instance historians generally retrospectively date the coming into being of the modern United Kingdom to December 1922, even though in this case the formal change did not occur for another five years.

The list of monarchs below cannot be exhaustive. Succession to the many thrones often did not pass smoothly from parent to child; lack of heirs, civil wars, murders and invasions affected the inheritance in ways that a simple list does not show. The relationships that formed the basis for claims to throne are noted where we know them, and the dates of reign indicated. The Acts of Union were twin Acts of Parliament passed in 1707 (taking effect on 26 March) in the Scottish and the English Parliaments. ... The Acts of Union were twin Acts of Parliament passed in 1707 (taking effect on 26 March) in the Scottish and the English Parliaments. ... The Union Flag, in its modern form, was first adopted in 1801. ... The 1800 Act of Union merged the Kingdom of Ireland and the Kingdom of Great Britain (itself a merger of England and Scotland under the Act of Union 1707) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801. ... Union Flag (1606-1800) The Kingdom of Great Britain, also sometimes known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was created by the merging of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England under the 1707 Act of Union to create a single kingdom encompassing the whole of Great... The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British and Irish... The Union Flag, in its modern form, was first adopted in 1801. ... The Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 () was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom that formed a significant landmark in the constitutional history of the UK and British Empire as a whole. ...

Monarchs

*Lady Jane Grey ruled for 9 days in 1553 but was deposed by Mary I. The Saxons were a large and powerful Germanic people located in what is now northwestern Germany and a small section of the eastern Netherlands. ... Offa (died July 26/29, 796) was the King of Mercia from 757 until his death. ... Events March 9 - A major earthquake strikes Palestine and Syria Offa becomes king of Mercia. ... Events December - Coenwulf becomes king of Mercia. ... Egbert (also Ecgberht or Ecgbert) (c. ... Events 31 October - Irene deposed as Emperoress of Byzantium and replaced by Nicephorus I. She is banished to Lesbos. ... Events Louis the Pious attempts to divide his empire among his sons. ... Ethelwulf was the elder son of King Egbert of Wessex. ... Events Louis the Pious attempts to divide his empire among his sons. ... Events Ethelbald usurps the throne of Wessex from his father Ethelwulf Earthquake in Corinth, Greece, kills an estimated 45,000 Bardas becomes regent for the Byzantine Emperor Michael III Ordono I of Asturias said to have begun the repopulation of the town of León Births Deaths February 4 - Rabanus... King Ethelbald of Wessex was the eldest son of King Ethelwulf of Wessex and was born in about 834. ... Events Ethelbald usurps the throne of Wessex from his father Ethelwulf Earthquake in Corinth, Greece, kills an estimated 45,000 Bardas becomes regent for the Byzantine Emperor Michael III Ordono I of Asturias said to have begun the repopulation of the town of León Births Deaths February 4 - Rabanus... Events First attack on Constantinople by Swedish Vikings (the Rus, see Varangians). ... King Ethelbert of Wessex was a son of Ethelwulf of Wessex and was born in around 835 AD. He succeeded his brother, Ethelbald of Wessex, as King of Wessex in 860, but died without issue in about 865. ... Events First attack on Constantinople by Swedish Vikings (the Rus, see Varangians). ... Events Ethelred succeeds as king of Wessex (or 866). ... King Ethelred I was a son of Ethelwulf of Wessex and was born around 837 AD. He succeeded his brother, Ethelbert of Wessex, as King of Wessex in about 865. ... Events Ethelred succeeds as king of Wessex (or 866). ... Events Nine battles are fought between the Danes and Wessex. ... Alfred (849? – 26 October 899) (sometimes spelt Ælfred) was king of the southern Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex from 871 to 899. ... Events Nine battles are fought between the Danes and Wessex. ... Events Edward the Elder becomes King of England. ... Edward the Elder (871? – July 17, 924) was King of England (899 – 924). ... Events Edward the Elder becomes King of England. ... Events King Athelstan of England succeeds to the throne. ... Ethelweard (904-924) was son of Edward the Elder. ... Events King Athelstan of England succeeds to the throne. ... Athelstan (c. ... Events King Athelstan of England succeeds to the throne. ... Events Vietnam became a tributary kingdom to China. ... Edmund I, or Edmund the Deed-Doer (921–May 26, 946) was King of England from 939 until his death. ... Events Vietnam became a tributary kingdom to China. ... Events Eadred I succeeds his brother as king of England End of the reign of Emperor Suzaku of Japan Emperor Murakami ascends the throne of Japan Births Deaths May 26 - King Edmund I of England Abu-Bakr Muhammad ben Yahya as-Suli Categories: 946 ... King Edred (c. ... Events Eadred I succeeds his brother as king of England End of the reign of Emperor Suzaku of Japan Emperor Murakami ascends the throne of Japan Births Deaths May 26 - King Edmund I of England Abu-Bakr Muhammad ben Yahya as-Suli Categories: 946 ... Events Otto I the Great defeats Magyars in the Battle of Lechfeld Births Deaths November 8 - Pope Agapetus II Categories: 955 ... Edwy All-Fair (941? - October 1, 959) was a King of England (955-959). ... Events Otto I the Great defeats Magyars in the Battle of Lechfeld Births Deaths November 8 - Pope Agapetus II Categories: 955 ... Events October 1 - Edwy, king of England dies and is succeeded by his brother Edgar. ... This article is about the king of England. ... Events October 1 - Edwy, king of England dies and is succeeded by his brother Edgar. ... Events Coronation of King Edward the Martyr Births Deaths July 8 Edgar of England Categories: 975 ... King Edward the Martyr (circa 962 - March 18, 978/979) succeeded his father Edgar as King of England in 975, but was murdered after a reign of only a few years. ... Events Coronation of King Edward the Martyr Births Deaths July 8 Edgar of England Categories: 975 ... Events Badìa Fiorentina, an abbey in Italy, is founded by Willa, Margravine of Tuscany. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Events Badìa Fiorentina, an abbey in Italy, is founded by Willa, Margravine of Tuscany. ... Events Danish invasion of England under king Sweyn I. King Ethelred flees to Normandy, and Sweyn becomes king of England. ... Events February 14 - Pope Benedict VIII recognizes Henry of Bavaria as King of Germany July 29 - Battle of Kleidion: Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock... Events George Tsul, ruler of Khazaria, is captured by a combined Byzantine- Rus force, which effectively ends Khazarias existence. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Events George Tsul, ruler of Khazaria, is captured by a combined Byzantine- Rus force, which effectively ends Khazarias existence. ... Sweyn I Forkbeard (Sven Otto Haraldsson; Danish: Svend Tveskæg, originally Tjugeskæg or Tyvskæg, Norwegian: Svein Tjugeskjegg) (c. ... Events Danish invasion of England under king Sweyn I. King Ethelred flees to Normandy, and Sweyn becomes king of England. ... Events February 14 - Pope Benedict VIII recognizes Henry of Bavaria as King of Germany July 29 - Battle of Kleidion: Basil II inflicts not only a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, but his subsequent savage treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of shock... Canute (or Cnut) I, or Canute the Great (Danish: Knud den Store, Norwegian: Knut den Store) (994/995 – November 12, 1035) was king of England, Denmark and Norway and governor or overlord of Schleswig and Pomerania. ... Events George Tsul, ruler of Khazaria, is captured by a combined Byzantine- Rus force, which effectively ends Khazarias existence. ... Events Harthacanute becomes king of Denmark. ... Harold I Harefoot (c. ... Events Harthacanute becomes king of Denmark. ... Events March War of Independence of Western Xia occurred. ... Harthacanute (sometimes Hardicanute, Hardecanute; Danish Hardeknud, Canute the Hardy) (1018/1019–June 8, 1042) was a King of Denmark (1035–1042) and England (1035–1037, 1040–1042). ... Events March War of Independence of Western Xia occurred. ... Events April 18/April 19 - Emperor Michael V of the Byzantine Empire attempts to remain sole Emperor by sending his adoptive mother and co-ruler Zoe of Byzantium to a monastery. ... Edward the Confessor (c. ... Events April 18/April 19 - Emperor Michael V of the Byzantine Empire attempts to remain sole Emperor by sending his adoptive mother and co-ruler Zoe of Byzantium to a monastery. ... Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. ... Name Harold Godwinson Lived c. ... Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. ... Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. ... The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. ... Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. ... Bayeux Tapestry depicting events leading to the Battle of Hastings The Norman Conquest was the conquest of the Kingdom of England by William the Conqueror (Duke of Normandy), in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings and the subsequent Norman control of England. ... William I ( 1027 – September 9, 1087), was King of England from 1066 to 1087. ... Events January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. ... Events May 9 - The remains of Saint Nicholas were brought to Bari. ... William II (called Rufus, perhaps because of his red-faced appearance) (c. ... Events May 9 - The remains of Saint Nicholas were brought to Bari. ... For alternate uses, see Number 1100. ... Henry I (c. ... For alternate uses, see Number 1100. ... Events January - Byland Abbey founded Stephen of Blois succeeds King Henry I. Empress Maud, daughter of Henry I and widow of Henry V opposed Stephen and claims the throne as her own Owain Gwynedd of Wales defeats the Normans at Crug Mawr. ... Stephen (1096 – October 25, 1154), the last Norman King of England, reigned from 1135 to 1154, when he was succeeded by his cousin Henry II, the first of the Angevin or Plantagenet Kings. ... Events January - Byland Abbey founded Stephen of Blois succeeds King Henry I. Empress Maud, daughter of Henry I and widow of Henry V opposed Stephen and claims the throne as her own Owain Gwynedd of Wales defeats the Normans at Crug Mawr. ... Events King Stephen of England dies at Dover, and is succeeded by his adopted son Henry Plantagenet who becomes King Henry II of England, aged 21. ... Angevin is the name applied to three distinct medieval dynasties which originated as counts (from 1360, dukes) of the western French province of Anjou (of which angevin is the adjectival form), but later came to rule far greater areas including England, Hungary and Poland (see Angevin Empire). ... Geoffrey V (August 24, 1113 – September 7, 1151), Count of Anjou and Maine, and later Duke of Normandy, called Le Bel (The Fair) or Geoffrey Plantagenet, was the father of King Henry II of England, and thus the forefather of the Plantagenet dynasty of English kings. ... Empress Maud (1102 – September 10, 1167) is the title by which Matilda, daughter and dispossessed heir of King Henry I of England and his wife Maud of Scotland (herself daughter of Malcolm III Canmore and St. ... Events February 2 - Battle of Lincoln. ... Henry II of England, depicted in Cassells History of England, Century Edition, published circa 1902 Henry II (March 5, 1133 – July 6, 1189) ruled as Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, and as King of England (1154–1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland, eastern Ireland... Events King Stephen of England dies at Dover, and is succeeded by his adopted son Henry Plantagenet who becomes King Henry II of England, aged 21. ... Events January 21 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade September 3- Richard I of England is crowned as king of England. ... Richard I (September 8, 1157 – April 6, 1199) was King of England from 1189 to 1199. ... Events January 21 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade September 3- Richard I of England is crowned as king of England. ... Events John Lackland, becomes King of England Births Isobel of Huntingdon (d. ... Ireland in the century prior to the Anglo-Norman invasion of 1169 is probably best described as a national kingdom lacking a settled monarchy, the kingship being disputed by three regional dynasties. ... John (December 24, 1166–October 18/19, 1216) reigned as King of England from April 6, 1199, until his death. ... Events John Lackland, becomes King of England Births Isobel of Huntingdon (d. ... Events Prince Louis of France, the future King Louis VIII, invades England in the First Barons War Henry III becomes King of England. ... Henry III (October 1, 1207 – November 16, 1272) is one of the least-known British monarchs, considering the great length of his reign. ... Events Prince Louis of France, the future King Louis VIII, invades England in the First Barons War Henry III becomes King of England. ... Events August 6 - Stephen Vs death makes his son, Ladislaus, King of Hungary. ... King Edward I of England (June 17, 1239 – July 7, 1307), popularly known as Longshanks because of his 6 foot 2 inch frame and the Hammer of the Scots (his tombstone, in Latin, read, Hic est Edwardvs Primus Scottorum Malleus, Here lies Edward I, Hammer of the Scots), achieved fame... Events August 6 - Stephen Vs death makes his son, Ladislaus, King of Hungary. ... Events July - The Knights Hospitaller begin their conquest of Rhodes. ... Edward II, (April 25, 1284 – October, 1327), of Caernarvon, was king of England from 1307 until deposed in January, 1327. ... Events July - The Knights Hospitaller begin their conquest of Rhodes. ... Events January 25 - Edward III becomes King of England. ... Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English kings of medieval times. ... Events January 25 - Edward III becomes King of England. ... Events January 17 – Gregory XI enters Rome. ... Richard II (January 6?, 1367 – February 14, 1400) was the son of Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, and Joan The Fair Maid of Kent. He was born at Bordeaux and became his fathers heir when his elder brother died in infancy. ... Events January 17 – Gregory XI enters Rome. ... Events September 30 - Accession of Henry IV of England October 13 - Coronation of Henry IV of England November 1 - Accession of John VI, Duke of Brittany Births Deaths November 1 - John V, Duke of Brittany Categories: 1399 ... A cobblestone mosaic showing heraldic devices associated with the House of Lancaster The House of Lancaster is a dynasty of English kings. ... Henry IV (April 3, 1367 – March 20, 1413) was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence the other name by which he was known, Henry of Bolingbroke. His father, John of Gaunt was the third and oldest surviving son of King Edward III of England, and enjoyed a position of... There were several Dukes of Lancaster in the 14th and early 15th Centuries. ... Henry IV (April 3, 1367 – March 20, 1413) was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence the other name by which he was known, Henry of Bolingbroke. His father, John of Gaunt was the third and oldest surviving son of King Edward III of England, and enjoyed a position of... Events September 30 - Accession of Henry IV of England October 13 - Coronation of Henry IV of England November 1 - Accession of John VI, Duke of Brittany Births Deaths November 1 - John V, Duke of Brittany Categories: 1399 ... Events March 20 - Henry V becomes King of England Project of Annals of Joseon Dynasty began. ... Henry V Henry V, (August 9 or September 16, 1387 – August 31, 1422), King of England, son of Henry IV by Mary de Bohun, was born at Monmouth, Wales, in September 1387. ... Events March 20 - Henry V becomes King of England Project of Annals of Joseon Dynasty began. ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ... Henry VI (December 6, 1421 – May 21/22, 1471) was King of England from 1422 to 1461 (though with a Regent until 1437) and then from 1470 to 1471. ... Events August 31 - Henry VI becomes King of England. ... Events February 2 - Battle of Mortimers Cross - Yorkist troops led by Edward, Duke of York defeat Lancastrians under Owen Tudor and his son Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke in Wales. ... Events May 15 - Charles VIII of Sweden who had served three terms as King of Sweden dies. ... This article is about the year 1471, not the BT caller ID service accessible by dialling 1-4-7-1. ... The House of York was a dynasty of English kings. ... The Wars of the Roses (1455–1487) is the name generally given to the intermittent civil war fought over the throne of England between adherents of the House of Lancaster and the House of York. ... Edward IV (April 28, 1442 – April 9, 1483) was King of England from March 4, 1461 to April 9, 1483, with a break of a few months in the period 1470-1471. ... Events February 2 - Battle of Mortimers Cross - Yorkist troops led by Edward, Duke of York defeat Lancastrians under Owen Tudor and his son Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke in Wales. ... Events May 15 - Charles VIII of Sweden who had served three terms as King of Sweden dies. ... This article is about the year 1471, not the BT caller ID service accessible by dialling 1-4-7-1. ... Events The São Tomé settlement is founded. ... Edward V (November 4, 1470 – 1483?) was an English monarch, although never crowned. ... Events The São Tomé settlement is founded. ... King Richard III (2 October 1452 – 22 August 1485) was the King of England from 1483 until his death and the last king from the House of York. ... Events The São Tomé settlement is founded. ... Events August 22 - Battle of Bosworth Field is fought between the armies of King Richard III of England and rival claimant to the throne of England Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond. ... The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor (Welsh Twdwr) is a series of five monarchs of Welsh origin who ruled England from 1485 until 1603. ... Henry VII (January 28, 1457 – April 21, 1509), King of England, Lord of Ireland (August 22, 1485 – April 21, 1509), was the founder of the Tudor dynasty and is generally acknowledged as one of Englands most insidious kings. ... Henry VII (January 28, 1457 – April 21, 1509), King of England, Lord of Ireland (August 22, 1485 – April 21, 1509), was the founder of the Tudor dynasty and is generally acknowledged as one of Englands most insidious kings. ... Events August 22 - Battle of Bosworth Field is fought between the armies of King Richard III of England and rival claimant to the throne of England Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond. ... Events February 2 - Battle of Diu took place near Diu, India. ... Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... Events February 2 - Battle of Diu took place near Diu, India. ... Events January 16 - Grand Duke Ivan IV of Muscovy becomes the first Tsar of Russia. ... Edward VI (12 October 1537–6 July 1553) was King of England and King of Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death. ... Events January 16 - Grand Duke Ivan IV of Muscovy becomes the first Tsar of Russia. ... Events June 26 - Christs Hospital in London gets a Royal Charter July 6 - Edward VI of England dies July 10 - Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England - for the next nine days July 18 - Lord Mayor of London proclaims Queen Mary as the rightful Queen - Lady Jane Grey... Image long believed to be that of Lady Jane Grey, Queen for Nine Days, now thought by art historians to be Catherine Parr, 6th wife of Henry VIII. Lady Jane Grey (October 12?, 1537–February 12, 1554), was a great granddaughter of Henry VII of England, and was proclaimed Queen... Events June 26 - Christs Hospital in London gets a Royal Charter July 6 - Edward VI of England dies July 10 - Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England - for the next nine days July 18 - Lord Mayor of London proclaims Queen Mary as the rightful Queen - Lady Jane Grey... Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 6 July 1553 (de jure) or 19 July 1553 (de facto) until her death. ... Events June 26 - Christs Hospital in London gets a Royal Charter July 6 - Edward VI of England dies July 10 - Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England - for the next nine days July 18 - Lord Mayor of London proclaims Queen Mary as the rightful Queen - Lady Jane Grey... Events January 7 - French troops led by Francis, Duke of Guise take Calais, the last continental possession of England July 13 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines. ... Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ... Events January 7 - French troops led by Francis, Duke of Guise take Calais, the last continental possession of England July 13 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines. ... Events March 24 - Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England April 28 – Funeral of Elizabeth I of England in Westminster Abbey July 17 or July 19 - Sir Walter Raleigh arrested for treason. ... The House of Alpin is a dynasty of Scottish kings that ruled Scotland from 843 to 1058. ... Kenneth I the Hardy (c. ... Events Treaty of Verdun divides the Carolingian empire between the 3 sons of Louis the Pious. ... Events Patriarch Ignatius is imprisoned and (December 25) deposed to be succeeded by patriarch Photius I. Louis the German invades West Francia, hoping to secure Aquitaine from his brother Charles the Bald, but fails. ... Donald I (Donald mac Alpin) (c812-863) was King of Alba (Scotland) from 858-863. ... Events Patriarch Ignatius is imprisoned and (December 25) deposed to be succeeded by patriarch Photius I. Louis the German invades West Francia, hoping to secure Aquitaine from his brother Charles the Bald, but fails. ... Events Rurik gained control of Novgorod. ... Constantine I (Causantín mac Cináeda) (836-877), son of King Kenneth I of Scotland, became King of the Scots and the Picts in 863 when he succeeded his uncle Donald I. Constantine was a warrior king. ... Events Rurik gained control of Novgorod. ... Events The Danes take Exeter Indravarman II succeeds Jayavarman III as ruler of the Khmer Empire. ... Aedh ( 840–878), sometimes spelt Aed or Aodh, became king of Scotland in 877 when he succeeded his brother Constantine I. He was killed shortly after taking the throne by Giric, also known as Gregory the Great, who had conspired with Aeds nephew, Eochaid. ... Events The Danes take Exeter Indravarman II succeeds Jayavarman III as ruler of the Khmer Empire. ... Events The Danes force king Alfred the Great of Wessex to retreat to a fort in Athelney, Somerset. ... Eochaid of Scotland, also called Eochu or Eochaidh, was king of Scotland from 878 to 889. ... Events The Danes force king Alfred the Great of Wessex to retreat to a fort in Athelney, Somerset. ... Events End of Strathclyde as a fully independent kingdom. ... Giric of Scotland was king of Scotland from 878 to 889. ... Events The Danes force king Alfred the Great of Wessex to retreat to a fort in Athelney, Somerset. ... Events End of Strathclyde as a fully independent kingdom. ... Donald II of Scotland (Domnall mac Causantín) was king of Scotland from 889 to 900. ... Events End of Strathclyde as a fully independent kingdom. ... Events Persian scientist, Rhazes, distinguished smallpox from measles in the course of his writings. ... Constantine II (874?–952) was king of Scotland from 900 to 942 or 943. ... Events Persian scientist, Rhazes, distinguished smallpox from measles in the course of his writings. ... Events King Constantin II of Scotland retires and becomes a monk, succeeded by his cousin Malcolm I of Scotland Births Deaths Harald I of Norway Categories: 943 ... Malcolm I (Máel Coluim mac Domnaill), the son of Donald I of Scotland, became the King of Scotland in 942 or 943 after his cousin King Constantine II of Scotland abdicated and became a monk. ... Events King Constantin II of Scotland retires and becomes a monk, succeeded by his cousin Malcolm I of Scotland Births Deaths Harald I of Norway Categories: 943 ... Events King Malcolm I of Scotland is killed in battle against Highlanders. ... Indulf was king of Scotland from 954 to 962. ... Events King Malcolm I of Scotland is killed in battle against Highlanders. ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... Dubh (or Duff), was king of Scotland from 962 to 967. ... Events February 2 - Pope John XII crowns Otto I the Great Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events April 14 or April 30 - Mieszko I, first duke of Poland, baptised a Christian Births Fujiwara no Michinaga, Japanese regent Boleslaus I of Poland, approximate it may be 967 Deaths Dubh I of Scotland Categories: 966 ... Culen of Scotland (Cuilén mac Illuilb) (also called Cuilean, Colin and Culen the Whelp) was king of Scotland from 967 to 971. ... Events April 14 or April 30 - Mieszko I, first duke of Poland, baptised a Christian Births Fujiwara no Michinaga, Japanese regent Boleslaus I of Poland, approximate it may be 967 Deaths Dubh I of Scotland Categories: 966 ... Events Births Deaths Culen of Scotland Categories: 971 ... Kenneth II (Cináed mac Máel Coluim), son of Malcolm I, king of Scotland, succeeded Culen, son of Indulf, who had been slain by the Britons of Strathclyde in 971 in Lothian. ... Events Births Deaths Culen of Scotland Categories: 971 ... Events (Erik Segersäll) is succeeded by (Olof Skötkonung), the first baptized ruler of Sweden. ... Constantine III (Causantín mac Cuilén) was king of Scotland from 995 to 997. ... Events (Erik Segersäll) is succeeded by (Olof Skötkonung), the first baptized ruler of Sweden. ... Events City of Gdansk is founded Saint Adalbert of Prague is sent to Prussia by Boleslaus I of Poland Samuil of Bulgaria crowned Tsar by Pope Gregory V Births Deaths Saint Adalbert of Prague, martyrdom Categories: 997 ... Kenneth III of Scotland was King of Scotland from 997 to 1005. ... Events City of Gdansk is founded Saint Adalbert of Prague is sent to Prussia by Boleslaus I of Poland Samuil of Bulgaria crowned Tsar by Pope Gregory V Births Deaths Saint Adalbert of Prague, martyrdom Categories: 997 ... Events Malcolm II succeeds Kenneth III as king of Scotland. ... Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda) (c. ... Events Malcolm II succeeds Kenneth III as king of Scotland. ... Events April 11 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium marries her chamberlain and elevates him to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael IV. Franche-Comté becomes subject to the Holy Roman Empire. ... Duncan I Cæn-Mohr MacCrinan (1001 - August 14, 1040) was a son of Crinan the Thane de Mormaer, lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Princess Bethoc of Scotland. ... Events April 11 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium marries her chamberlain and elevates him to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael IV. Franche-Comté becomes subject to the Holy Roman Empire. ... Events March War of Independence of Western Xia occurred. ... Mac Bethad mac Findláech, known as Macbeth (Gaelic for Son of Life) c. ... Events March War of Independence of Western Xia occurred. ... Events King Macbeth I of Scotland is killed in battle against Malcolm Canmore. ... Lulach I of Scotland (c. ... Events King Macbeth I of Scotland is killed in battle against Malcolm Canmore. ... Events March 17 - King Lulach I of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and rival Malcolm Canmore, who later becomes King of Scotland as Malcolm III of Scotland. ... The House of Dunkeld or Canmore was a dynasty of Scottish kings that ruled Scotland from 1058 to 1290. ... King Malcolm III of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada), (1031-November 13, 1093) also known as Malcolm Canmore (Malcolm with the large head)Cean Mor meaning Big Head in Gaidhlig, was the eldest son of King Duncan I of Scotland and first king of the House of Dunkeld. ... Events March 17 - King Lulach I of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and rival Malcolm Canmore, who later becomes King of Scotland as Malcolm III of Scotland. ... Events Donald III of Scotland comes to the throne of Scotland. ... Donald III of Scotland (c. ... Events Donald III of Scotland comes to the throne of Scotland. ... Events May - the siege of Valencia ends Duncan III of Scotland succeeds Duncan II of Scotland as King of Scotland The first mention of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, as it became a bishopric see. ... Events May - the siege of Valencia ends Duncan III of Scotland succeeds Duncan II of Scotland as King of Scotland The first mention of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, as it became a bishopric see. ... Events Edgar I deposes Donald III to become king of Scotland. ... Duncan II (1060?- November 12, 1094) was king of Scotland and a son of Malcolm III and his first wife Ingibiorg and therefore a grandson of Duncan I. For a time he lived as a hostage in England and became king of the Scots after driving out his uncle, Donald... Events May - the siege of Valencia ends Duncan III of Scotland succeeds Duncan II of Scotland as King of Scotland The first mention of the city of Zagreb, Croatia, as it became a bishopric see. ... Edgar of Scotland (1074 - January 8, 1107 ), was king of Scotland from 1097 to 1107. ... Events Edgar I deposes Donald III to become king of Scotland. ... Events William Warelwast becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Alexander I (c. ... Events William Warelwast becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Events March 26 - Henry I of Englands forces defeat Norman rebels at Bourgtheroulde. ... David I, known as the Saint, (1084 - May 24, 1153), king of Scotland, the youngest son of Malcolm Canmore and of Saint Margaret (sister of Edgar Ætheling), was born in 1084. ... Events March 26 - Henry I of Englands forces defeat Norman rebels at Bourgtheroulde. ... Events January 6 - Henry of Anjou arrives in England. ... Malcolm IV (c. ... Events January 6 - Henry of Anjou arrives in England. ... Events November 23 - Pope Alexander III enters Rome. ... William I (William the Lion, William Leo, William Dunkeld or William Canmore), (1142/1143 - December 4, 1214) reigned as King of Scotland from 1165 to 1214. ... Events November 23 - Pope Alexander III enters Rome. ... Events Simon Apulia becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Alexander II (August 24, 1198 - July 6, 1249), king of Scotland, son of William I, the Lion, and of Ermengarde of Beaumont, was born at Haddington in 1198, and succeeded to the kingdom on the death of his father on 4 December 1214. ... Events Simon Apulia becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Events University, the first College at Oxford founded Births Emperor Kameyama of Japan Pope John XXII Frederick I, Margrave of Baden Deaths July 6 - Alexander II of Scotland (b. ... Alexander III (September 4, 1241 _ March 19, 1286), king of Scots, also known as Alexander the Glorious ranks as one of Scotlands greatest kings. ... Events University, the first College at Oxford founded Births Emperor Kameyama of Japan Pope John XXII Frederick I, Margrave of Baden Deaths July 6 - Alexander II of Scotland (b. ... Events Margaret I of Scotland became queen of Scotland, end of Canmore dynasty. ... This article is about Margaret, Queen of Scots. ... Events Margaret I of Scotland became queen of Scotland, end of Canmore dynasty. ... Events King Edward I of England banishes all Jews from Britain. ... The House of Balliol was a Scottish royal family in the 13th and 14th centuries. ... King Edward I of England (June 17, 1239 – July 7, 1307), popularly known as Longshanks because of his 6 foot 2 inch frame and the Hammer of the Scots (his tombstone, in Latin, read, Hic est Edwardvs Primus Scottorum Malleus, Here lies Edward I, Hammer of the Scots), achieved fame... John Balliol and his wife. ... Events November 17 - (Julian calendar) John Balliol becomes King of Scotland. ... Events April 27 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated by Edward I of England. ... The House of Bruce was a Scottish Royal House in the 14th century. ... The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. ... Robert I, usually known as Robert the Bruce (July 11, 1274–June 7, 1329), was King of Scotland (1306–1329). ... Robert I, usually known as Robert the Bruce (July 11, 1274–June 7, 1329), was King of Scotland (1306–1329). ... Events March 25 - Robert the Bruce becomes King of Scotland June 19 - Forces of Earl of Pembroke defeat Bruces Scottish rebels at the Battle of Methven Philip IV of France exiles all the Jews from France and confiscates their property In London, a city ordinance degrees that heating with... Events Antipope Nicholas V is excommunicated by Pope John XXII. Aimone of Savoy becomes Count of Savoy. ... David II (March 5, 1324-February 22, 1371) king of Scotland, son of King Robert the Bruce by his second wife, Elizabeth de Burgh (d. ... Events Antipope Nicholas V is excommunicated by Pope John XXII. Aimone of Savoy becomes Count of Savoy. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Kogon of Japan, fourth of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Start of the reign of Emperor Go-Enyu of Japan, fifth and last of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Charterhouse Carthusian Monastery founded in Aldersgate, London. ... The House of Balliol was a Scottish royal family in the 13th and 14th centuries. ... Edward Balliol (c. ... Events November 7 - Lucerne joins the Swiss Confederation with Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden. ... -1... The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Scottish, and then British, Royal House of Breton origin. ... Mary I of Scotland (Mary Stuart or Stewart) (December 8, 1542 – February 8, 1587), better known as Mary, Queen of Scots, was the ruler of Scotland from December 14, 1542 – July 24, 1567. ... Robert II (March 2, 1316- April 19, 1390), king of Scotland, called the Steward, a title that gave the name to the House of Stewart (or Stuart). ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Kogon of Japan, fourth of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Start of the reign of Emperor Go-Enyu of Japan, fifth and last of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Charterhouse Carthusian Monastery founded in Aldersgate, London. ... Events Births December 27 - Anne Mortimer John Dunstable, English composer (d. ... Robert III (c. ... Events Births December 27 - Anne Mortimer John Dunstable, English composer (d. ... Events Construction of Forbidden City begins in Beijing. ... James I (1394 – February 21, 1437) reigned as king of Scotland from 1406 until 1437. ... Events Construction of Forbidden City begins in Beijing. ... Events foundation of All Souls College, University of Oxford. ... James II of Scotland (October 16, 1430 – August 3, 1460) was king of Scotland from 1437 to 1460. ... Events foundation of All Souls College, University of Oxford. ... Events The first Portuguese navigators reach the coast of modern Sierra Leone. ... James III of Scotland (1451/ 1452 – June 11, 1488), son of James II and Mary of Gueldres, created Duke of Rothesay at birth, king of Scotland from 1460 to 1488. ... Events The first Portuguese navigators reach the coast of modern Sierra Leone. ... Events February 3 - Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, at the tip of Africa becoming the first known European to travel this far south. ... James IV (March 17, 1473 – September 9, 1513) was king of Scotland from 1488 to 1513. ... Events February 3 - Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, at the tip of Africa becoming the first known European to travel this far south. ... Events January 20 - Christian II becomes King of Denmark and Norway. ... James V (April 10, 1512 – December 14, 1542) was king of Scotland (September 9, 1513 – December 14, 1542). ... Events January 20 - Christian II becomes King of Denmark and Norway. ... Events War resumes between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. This time Henry VIII of England is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French. ... Mary I of Scotland (Mary Stuart or Stewart) (December 8, 1542 – February 8, 1587), better known as Mary, Queen of Scots, was the ruler of Scotland from December 14, 1542 – July 24, 1567. ... Events War resumes between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. This time Henry VIII of England is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French. ... Events The Duke of Alva arrives in the Netherlands with Spanish forces to suppress unrest there. ... James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ... Events The Duke of Alva arrives in the Netherlands with Spanish forces to suppress unrest there. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Scottish, and then British, Royal House of Breton origin. ... James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ... Events March 24 - Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England April 28 – Funeral of Elizabeth I of England in Westminster Abbey July 17 or July 19 - Sir Walter Raleigh arrested for treason. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Charles I (19 November 1600–30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625, until his death. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... An interregnum is a period between kings, or between popes of the Roman Catholic Church. ... The Commonwealth was the republican government which ruled first England and then the whole of Britain, Ireland, the colonies and other Crown possessions during the periods from 1649 (the monarch Charles I being beheaded on January 30 and An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth being passed by the... The Protectorate in English history refers specifically to the English government of 1653 to 1659 under the direct control of Oliver Cromwell, who assumed the title of Lord Protector of the newly declared Commonwealth of England (later the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland) after the English Civil War. ... In a broad definition a republic is a state or country that is led by people who do not base their political power on any principle beyond the control of the people living in that state or country. ... The Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland was the title of the head of state during part of the Commonwealth period. ... Unfinished portrait miniature of Oliver Cromwell by Samuel Cooper, 1657. ... Events February 2 - New Amsterdam (later renamed New York City) is incorporated. ... Events January 13 - Edward Sexby, who has plotted against Oliver Cromwell, dies in Tower of London February 6 - Swedish troops of Charles X Gustav of Sweden cross from Sweden to Denmark over frozen sea May 1 - Publication of Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial and The Garden of Cyrus by Thomas Browne September... Richard Cromwell (October 4, 1626- July 12, 1712) was the third son of Oliver Cromwell, and was Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, for little over eight months, from September 3, 1658 until May 25, 1659. ... Events January 13 - Edward Sexby, who has plotted against Oliver Cromwell, dies in Tower of London February 6 - Swedish troops of Charles X Gustav of Sweden cross from Sweden to Denmark over frozen sea May 1 - Publication of Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial and The Garden of Cyrus by Thomas Browne September... // Events May 25 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth. ... The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Scottish, and then British, Royal House of Breton origin. ... Charles II (29 May 1630–6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 30 January 1649 (de jure) or 29 May 1660 (de facto) until his death. ... Events Expulsion of the Carib indigenous people from Martinique by French occupying forces. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... James VII and II (14 October 1633–16 September 1701) became King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 6 February 1685. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ... Mary II (30 April 1662–28 December 1694) reigned as Queen of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689 until her death, and as Queen of Scotland from 11 April 1689 until her death. ... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ... Events February 6 - The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ... William III and II (14 November 1650–8 March 1702; also known as William Henry and William of Orange) was a Dutch Prince of Orange from his birth, King of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689, and King of Scotland from 11 April 1689, in each case until his... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ... Events March 8 - William III died; Princess Anne Stuart becomes Queen Anne of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Anne Queen of Great Britain and Ireland Anne (6 February 1665–1 August 1714) became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702. ... Events March 8 - William III died; Princess Anne Stuart becomes Queen Anne of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... The Acts of Union were twin Acts of Parliament passed in 1707 (taking effect on 26 March) in the Scottish and the English Parliaments. ... The Kingdom of England has no specific founding date. ... Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country or nation and former independent kingdom of northwest Europe, and one of the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. ... Union Flag (1606-1800) The Kingdom of Great Britain, also sometimes known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was created by the merging of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England under the 1707 Act of Union to create a single kingdom encompassing the whole of Great... The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Scottish, and then British, Royal House of Breton origin. ... Anne Queen of Great Britain and Ireland Anne (6 February 1665–1 August 1714) became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ... The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) were a German royal dynasty which succeeded the House of Stuart as kings of Great Britain in 1714. ... The Act of Settlement (12 & 13 Wm 3 c. ... The Electress Sophia of Hanover was born Sophia, Pfalzgräfin von Simmern, at The Hague on October 14, 1630, and died at Herrenhausen on June 8, 1714. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... This article is about the domestic group. ... George I (Georg Ludwig von Hannover) (28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) from 23 January 1698, and King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 1 August 1714, until his death. ... George I (Georg Ludwig von Hannover) (28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) from 23 January 1698, and King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 1 August 1714, until his death. ... // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ... Events June 11 - George, Prince of Wales becomes King George II of Great Britain. ... George II (George Augustus) (10 November 1683–25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Archtreasurer and Prince-Elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death. ... Events June 11 - George, Prince of Wales becomes King George II of Great Britain. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... George III (George William Frederick) (4 June 1738–29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain, and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1801 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The 1800 Act of Union merged the Kingdom of Ireland and the Kingdom of Great Britain (itself a merger of England and Scotland under the Act of Union 1707) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801. ... Union Flag (1606-1800) The Kingdom of Great Britain, also sometimes known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was created by the merging of the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England under the 1707 Act of Union to create a single kingdom encompassing the whole of Great... National motto: None Capital Dublin head of state King of Ireland Kings representative: variously called Judiciar, Lord Deputy or Lord Lieutenant of Ireland head of government: Chief Secretary for Ireland Parliament: Irish House of Commons and Irish House of Lords The Kingdom of Ireland was the name given to... The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) were a German royal dynasty which succeeded the House of Stuart as kings of Great Britain in 1714. ... George III (George William Frederick) (4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain, and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. ... 1801 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom and Hanover from 29 January 1820. ... 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... William IV (William Henry) (21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ... 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Her Majesty Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria Wettin, née Hanover) (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1876 until her death. ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saxe-Coburg-Gotha or Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) was once the name given to the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in Germany, in the present states of Bavaria and Thuringia, which were in personal union between 1826 and 1918. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 - 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... His Majesty King Edward VII (Albert Edward Wettin) (9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King of the Commonwealth realms, and the Emperor of India. ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1910 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... His Majesty King George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert Windsor, formerly Wettin) (3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was the last British monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, changing the name to the House of Windsor in 1917. ... 1910 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The House of Windsor, previously called the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, is the Royal House of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... His Majesty King George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert Windsor, formerly Wettin) (3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was the last British monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, changing the name to the House of Windsor in 1917. ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1927 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British and Irish... The House of Windsor, previously called the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, is the Royal House of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ... His Majesty King George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert Windsor, formerly Wettin) (3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was the last British monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, changing the name to the House of Windsor in 1917. ... 1927 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1936 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... His Majesty King Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David Windsor, formerly Wettin), later His Royal Highness The Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor (23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972), was the second British monarch of the House of Windsor. ... 1936 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... His Majesty King George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George Windsor, formerly Wettin) (December 14, 1895–February 6, 1952) was the third British monarch of the House of Windsor, reigning from December 11, 1936 to February 6, 1952. ... 1936 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1952 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor), styled HM The Queen (born 21 April 1926) is the Queen regnant and head of state of Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent... 1952 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Image long believed to be that of Lady Jane Grey, Queen for Nine Days, now thought by art historians to be Catherine Parr, 6th wife of Henry VIII. Lady Jane Grey (October 12?, 1537–February 12, 1554), was a great granddaughter of Henry VII of England, and was proclaimed Queen...

Mnemonics

A useful rhyme for memorising the names of the English and UK monarchs since the Norman Conquest in chronological order as well as a version was featured in part in the movie King Ralph: Bayeux Tapestry depicting events leading to the Battle of Hastings The Norman Conquest was the conquest of the Kingdom of England by William the Conqueror (Duke of Normandy), in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings and the subsequent Norman control of England. ... Promotional poster for King Ralph King Ralph (first released on February 15, 1991) is a United States film starring John Goodman, who played the title role of Ralph Jones. ...

See also

• Other lists of incumbents
• UK topics
• British monarchs family tree
• English monarchs family tree
• Scottish monarchs family tree
• Style of the British Sovereign
• Line of succession to the British throne
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Monarchs
• Chinese history mnemonics.
• Category:British queen consorts
• Category:English queen consorts

These are lists of incumbents, i. ... Shortcut: UK topics This is a list of topics related to the United Kingdom. ... This is the British monarchs family tree, from James I of England (and Scotland) to Elizabeth, the present queen. ... This is the English monarchs family tree, including kings of England from William the Conqueror to Elizabeth I. See also: British monarchs family tree - Other family trees - List of British monarchs Normans and Plantagenets Plantagenets (continued), Houses of York and Lancaster House of Tudor Categories: Family trees | English monarchs ... This is a family tree for the kings of Scotland, since the unification under the House of Alpin in 834, to the personal union with England in 1603 under James VI of Scotland. ... The precise style of British Sovereigns has varied over the years. ... The current Monarch Elizabeth II The line of succession to the British Throne (and, by extension, the thrones of the fifteen other Commonwealth Realms) is determined by male primogeniture and religion, whereby the eldest legitimate son of the incumbent inherits the throne, unless he is Catholic or has married a... The following is a timeline of the history of China: For a summary table of the dynasties in Chinese history and their dates, check here. ...

References

• The official website of the British Monarchy
• Britannia.com