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Query languages are computer languages used to make queries into databases and information systems. The term computer language is a more expansive and alternate term for the more commonly-used term programming language. ...
In general, a query is a form of questioning, in a line of inquiry. ...
In computing , a database can be defined as a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer so that a program can consult it to answer queries. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Information systems. ...
Broadly, query languages can be classified according to whether they are database query languages or information retrieval query languages. Examples include: Database query languages are like programming languages. ...
An information retrieval query language is a query language used to make queries into database, where the semantics of the query are defined not by a precise rendering of a formal syntax, but by an interpretation of the most suitable results of the query. ...
SQL (IPA: or IPA: ), commonly expanded as Structured Query Language, is a computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems, database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management. ...
A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). ...
D is a set of requirements proposed by Christopher J. Date and Hugh Darwen in The Third Manifesto for what they believe a relational language ought to be like; D is not a language itself. ...
A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a database management system (DBMS) that is based on the relational model as introduced by E. F. Codd. ...
Multidimensional Expressions (MDX) is a query language for OLAP databases, much like SQL is a query language for relational databases. ...
On Line Analytical Processing, or OLAP, is an approach to quickly provide answers to analytical queries that are dimensional in nature. ...
Data Mining Extensions (DMX) is a query language for Data Mining Models, much like SQL is a query language for relational databases and MDX is a query language for OLAP databases. ...
Data mining (DM), also called Knowledge-Discovery in Databases (KDD) or Knowledge-Discovery and Data Mining, is the process of automatically searching large volumes of data for patterns using tools such as classification, association rule mining, clustering, etc. ...
Datalog is a query and rule language for deductive databases that syntactically is a subset of Prolog. ...
A deductive database system is a database system which can make deductions (ie: infer additional rules or facts) based on rules and facts stored in the (deductive) database. ...
.QL [ˈdotˈkjuˈɛl] is an object-oriented query language used to retrieve data from relational database management systems. ...
A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). ...
XQuery is a query language (with some programming language features) that is designed to query collections of XML data. ...
XPointer is a system for addressing components of XML based internet media. ...
XPath (XML Path Language) is an expression language for addressing portions of an XML document, or for computing values (strings, numbers, or boolean values) based on the content of an XML document. ...
In Software engineering, an XML database is a data persistence software system that allows data to be imported, accessed and exported in the XML format. ...
See TurboIMAGE ...
IMAGE is the primary reason that the HP3000 was a success. ...
The Molecular Query Language (MQL) was designed for allowing more complex and problem specific search methods. ...
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics and chemical informatics) is the use of computer and informational techniques, applied to a range of problems in the field of chemistry. ...
In complexity theory, Subgraph-Isomorphism is a decision problem that is known to be NP-complete. ...
Intelligence has two different common meanings : Intelligence (trait) Intelligence (information gathering) Business intelligence Military espionage This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics and chemical informatics) is the use of computer and informational techniques, applied to a range of problems in the field of chemistry. ...
In complexity theory, Subgraph-Isomorphism is a decision problem that is known to be NP-complete. ...
SPARQL (pronounced sparkle [1]) is an RDF query language; its name is a recursive acronym that stands for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. ...
Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a family of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specifications originally designed as a metadata model but which has come to be used as a general method of modeling information, through a variety of syntax formats. ...
CODASYL (often spelt Codasyl) is an acronym for COnference on DAta SYstems Languages. This was a IT industry consortium formed in 1959 to guide the development of a standard programming language that could be used on many computers. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). ...
SQL (IPA: or IPA: ), commonly expanded as Structured Query Language, is a computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems, database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management. ...
Object Query Language (OQL) is a query language standard for object-oriented databases modelled after SQL. OQL was developed by the Object Data Management Group (ODMG). ...
There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...
WinFS (short for Windows Future Storage)[1] is the code name for a data storage and management system based on relational databases, developed by Microsoft and first demonstrated in 2003 as an advanced storage subsystem for the Microsoft Windows operating system, being designed for persistence and management of structured, semi...
It has been suggested that Microsoft Rave be merged into this article or section. ...
See also
| Topics in database management systems (DBMS) ( view • talk • edit ) | | Concepts
Database • Database models • Database storage • Relational model • Distributed DBMS • ACID • Null
Relational database • Relational algebra • Relational calculus • Database normalization • Referential integrity • Relational DBMS
Primary key, Foreign key, Surrogate key, Superkey, Candidate key A database management system (DBMS) is computer software designed for the purpose of managing databases. ...
In computing , a database can be defined as a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer so that a program can consult it to answer queries. ...
A data model is not just a way of structuring data: it also defines a set of operations that can be performed on the data. ...
Database tables/indexes are typically stored in memory or on hard disk in one of many forms, ordered/unordered Flat files, ISAM, Heaps, Hash buckets or B+ Trees. ...
The relational model for database management is a database model based on predicate logic and set theory. ...
According to Elmasri and Navathe (2004, p. ...
Acidity redirects here. ...
Columns in Relational database management systems (RDBMS) can optionally store NULL values. ...
A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). ...
Relational algebra, an offshoot of first-order logic, is a set of relations closed under operators. ...
The relational calculus refers to the two calculi, the tuple calculus and the domain calculus, that are part of the relational model for databases and that provide a declarative way to specify database queries. ...
Database normalization is a design technique for structuring relational database tables. ...
An example of a database that has not enforced referential integrity. ...
A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a database management system (DBMS) that is based on the relational model as introduced by E. F. Codd. ...
In database design, a primary key is a value that can be used to identify a unique row in a table. ...
In the context of relational databases, a foreign key is a referential constraint between two tables[1]. The foreign key identifies a column or a set of columns in one (referencing) table that refers to a column or set of columns in another (referenced) table. ...
A surrogate key is a unique primary key generated by the relational database management system that is not derived from any data in the database and whose only significance is to act as the primary key. ...
A superkey is defined in the relational model as a set of attributes of a relation variable (relvar) for which it holds that in all relations assigned to that variable there are no two distinct tuples (rows) that have the same values for the attributes in this set. ...
In the relational model a candidate key of a relation variable (relvar) is a set of attributes of that relvar such that (1) at all times it holds in the relation assigned to that variable that there are no two distinct tuples with the same values for these attributes and...
| | Objects
Trigger • View • Table • Cursor • Log • Transaction • Index
Stored procedure • Partition A database trigger is procedural code that is automatically executed in response to certain events on a particular table in a database. ...
In database theory, a view is a virtual or logical table composed of the result set of a query. ...
In relational databases, SQL databases, and flat file databases, a table is a set of data elements (values) that is organized using a model of horizontal rows and vertical columns. ...
In database packages, the term cursor refers to a control structure for the successive traversal (and potential processing) of records in a result set as returned by a query. ...
In in the field of databases in computer science, a transaction log (also database log or binary log) is a history of actions executed by a database management system to guarantee ACID properties over crashes or hardware failures. ...
A database transaction is a unit of interaction with a database management system or similar system that is treated in a coherent and reliable way independent of other transactions that must be either entirely completed or aborted. ...
It has been suggested that Bitmap index be merged into this article or section. ...
A stored procedure is a subroutine available to applications accessing a relational database system. ...
A partition is a division of a logical database or its constituting elements into distinct independent parts. ...
| Topics in SQL
Select • Insert • Update • Merge • Delete • Join • Union • Create • Drop
Begin work • Commit • Rollback • Truncate • Alter SQL (IPA: or IPA: ), commonly expanded as Structured Query Language, is a computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems, database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management. ...
A SELECT statement in SQL returns a result set of records from one or more tables. ...
An SQL INSERT statement adds one or more records to a table in a relational database. ...
An UPDATE statement in SQL changes data in one or more records in a relational database management system. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Data Manipulation Language. ...
A join combines records from two tables in a relational database and results in a new (temporary) table, also called joined table. ...
In SQL the UNION operator combines the results of two SQL queries into a single table of all matching rows. ...
A CREATE statement in SQL creates an object inside of a relational database management system (RDBMS). ...
A DROP statement in SQL removes an object from a relational database management system (RDBMS). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Database transaction. ...
A COMMIT statement in SQL ends a transaction within a relational database management system (RDBMS) and makes all changes visible to other users. ...
In database technologies, a rollback is an operation which returns the database to some previous state. ...
The Truncate statement removes all the data from a table. ...
An ALTER statement in SQL changes the properties of an object inside of a relational database management system (RDBMS). ...
| | Implementations of database management systems | | Types of implementations
Relational • Flat file • Deductive • Dimensional • Hierarchical • Object oriented • Object relational • Temporal • XML data stores A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational model, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). ...
A simple diagram depicting conversion of a CSV-format flat file database table into a relational database table. ...
A deductive database system is a database system which can make deductions (ie: infer additional rules or facts) based on rules and facts stored in the (deductive) database. ...
In a hierarchical data model, data are organized into a tree-like structure. ...
In an object oriented database, information is represented in the form of objects like in object oriented programming. ...
An object-relational database (ORD) or object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) is a relational database management system that allows developers to integrate the database with their own custom data types and methods. ...
A temporal database is a database management system with built-in time aspects, e. ...
In Software engineering, an XML database is a data persistence software system that allows data to be imported, accessed and exported in the XML format. ...
| | Database products
Object-oriented (comparison) • Relational (comparison) The following is a list of object-oriented database management systems. ...
This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...
// 4th Dimension Greenplum CA-Datacom Dataphor Daffodil database EnterpriseDB eXtremeDB DB2 FileMaker Greenplum Helix database Informix InterBase Kognitio, WX2 Linter Matisse Microsoft Jet Database Engine (part of Microsoft Access) Microsoft SQL Server Microsoft Visual FoxPro Mimer SQL mSQL Netezza NonStop SQL Openbase Oracle Oracle Rdb for OpenVMS OpenLink Virtuoso Universal...
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of relational database management systems. ...
| Components
Query language • Query optimizer • Query plan • ODBC • JDBC The query optimizer is a component of database management system that is used to analyzes queries submitted to database server for execution, and then determines the optimal way to execute the query. ...
A query plan (or query execution plan) is an set of steps used to access information in a SQL relational database management system. ...
In computing, Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) provides a standard software API method for using database management systems (DBMS). ...
Java Database Connectivity, or JDBC, is an API for the Java programming language that defines how a client may access a database. ...
| Programming · Scripting · Specification · Query · Markup · Transformation · Template processing · Fourth-generation · Hardware description · Stylesheet · Domain-specific · Data modeling · Dataflow The term computer language is a more expansive and alternate term for the more commonly-used term programming language. ...
A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer. ...
Scripting languages (commonly called scripting programming languages or script languages) are computer programming languages that are typically interpreted and can be typed directly from a keyboard. ...
A specification language is a formal language used in computer science. ...
A specialized markup language using SGML is used to write the electronic version of the Oxford English Dictionary. ...
A transformation language is a computer language designed to transform some input text in a certain formal language into a modified output text that meets some specific goal. ...
A diagram illustrating all of the basic elements and processing flow of a template engine. ...
A fourth-generation programming language(1970s-1990) (abbreviated 4GL) is a programming language or programming environment designed with a specific purpose in mind, such as the development of commercial business software. ...
In electronics, a hardware description language or HDL is any language from a class of computer languages for formal description of electronic circuits. ...
A stylesheet language is a computer language used to describe the presentation of structured documents. ...
A domain-specific programming language (domain-specific language, DSL) is a programming language designed to be useful for a specific set of tasks. ...
In computer programming, a dataflow language is a visual programming language that implements dataflow principles and architecture, and models a program, conceptually if not physically, as a directed graph of the data flowing between operations. ...
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