The Virgin and St Joseph register for the census before Governor Quirinius. Byzantine mosaic 1315-20.

Publius Sulpicius Quirinius (rendered in Greek Κυρήνιος Kyrenios, sometimes Grecized as Cyrenius, c. 51 BC - AD 21) was a Roman aristocrat: his governorship of Syria is one of the chronological anchors for the birth of Jesus. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 554 pixel Image in higher resolution (2048 × 1418 pixel, file size: 364 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Civil service Quirinius... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 554 pixel Image in higher resolution (2048 × 1418 pixel, file size: 364 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Civil service Quirinius... In Roman mythology, Quirinus was an early god of the Roman state. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC - 50s BC - 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC Years: 56 BC 55 BC 54 BC 53 BC 52 BC 51 BC 50 BC 49 BC 48... This article is about the year 21. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ...

Born in the neighborhood of Lanuvium, a Latin town near Rome, his family was rich but lacked political influence. Quirinius followed the normal pathway of service for an ambitious young man of his social class, serving in the Roman army and possibly participating in Octavian's campaign that culminated in the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. For the following decade he served in Spain, and upon assuming his first governorship, Quirinius defeated the Marmarici, a tribe of desert raiders, before becoming governor of Crete and Cyrene in 14 BC. In 12 BC he was named consul, a sign that he enjoyed the favour of Augustus. Six years afterward he was dispatched to govern Pamphylia-Galatia (in modern Turkey), where another successful military campaign earned him honors in Rome. For other persons named Octavian, see Octavian (disambiguation). ... Combatants Octavian Mark Antony, Cleopatra VII of Egypt Commanders Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa Mark Antony Strength 260 warships, mostly liburnian vessels 220 warships, mostly quinqueremes and 60 egyptian warships Casualties Unknown Almost all of Antonys fleet The Battle of Actium was a naval battle of the Roman Civil War between... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC - 30s BC - 20s BC 10s BC 0s 10s 20s Years: 36 BC 35 BC 34 BC 33 BC 32 BC 31 BC 30 BC 29 BC 28 BC 27 BC... For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ... Cyrene, the ancient Greek city (in present-day Libya) was the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities in the region and gave eastern Libya the classical name Cyrenaica that it has retained to modern times. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC - 10s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s Years: 19 BC 18 BC 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC 9 BC... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC - 10s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s Years: 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC 9 BC 8 BC 7 BC... Consul (abbrev. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

By AD 1, Quirinius had become chief advisor to Augustus' grandson Gaius Caesar, until Gaius died from wounds suffered on campaign. When he saw Augustus' support shift to his stepson Tiberius, he entered the latter's camp of followers. This article is about the year 1. ... For other persons named Tiberius, see Tiberius (disambiguation). ...

After the banishment of Herod Archelaus in 6, Iudaea Province (the conglomeration of Samaria, Judea and Idumea) came under direct Roman administration. One of Quirinius' first duties was to carry out a census to assess the new province for tax purposes. At the same time Coponius was sent as prefect of Iudaea; but Quirinius went there also, as Legate of Syria, since the levying of the tax on the entire province was his special duty. The assessment was greatly resented by the Jews, and open revolt was prevented only by the efforts of the high priest Joazar. As it was, the census did trigger the revolt of Judas the Galilean and the formation of the party of the Zealots. Coin of Herod Archelaus Herod Archelaus (23 BC – c. ... For other uses, see 6 (disambiguation). ... Iudaea Province in the 1st century Iudaea (Hebrew: יהודה, Standard Yehuda Tiberian , praise God; Greek: Ιουδαία; Latin: Iudaea) was a Roman province that extended over the region of Judea proper, later Palestine. ... “Shomron” redirects here. ... Map of the southern Levant, c. ... Edom (אֱדוֹם, Standard Hebrew Edom, Tiberian Hebrew ʾĔḏôm) sounds like the Biblical Hebrew word for red and is a vividly apposite designation for the red sandstones of Edom. ... The Census of Quirinius refers to the enrollment of the Roman Provinces of Syria and Iudaea for the purpose of taxation taken during the reign of the Roman Emperor Augustus when Publius Sulpicius Quirinius was appointed governor of Syria. ... Coponius was first procurator of Judea, about 6 CE. He was, like the procurators who succeeded him, of knightly rank, and had the power of life and death[1]. During his administration occurred the revolt of Judas the Galilean [2], the cause of which was not so much the personality... A prefect (from the Latin praefectus, perfect participle of praeficere: make in front, i. ... A legatus (often anglicized as legate) was equivalent to a modern general officer in the Roman army. ... This article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. ... Even in death, many Kohanim choose to have this symbol, the special positioning of their fingers and hands during the Priestly Blessing, placed as a crest or symbol on their gravestones to indicate their status. ... Judas of Galilee, Judas Galileus, or Judas of Gamala (after his birth-place) was the leader of a Jewish revolt, or Zealot movement, against the Romans about 6AD. Judas, along with Zadok (Zadduk, Sadduc), a Pharisee, preached that God alone was the ruler of Israel and later urged that no... Zealotry denotes zeal in excess, referring to cases where activism and ambition in relation to an ideology have become excessive to the point of being harmful to others, oneself, and ones own cause. ...

Quirinius served as governor of Syria with nominal authority over Iudaea until 12, when he returned to Rome as a close associate of Tiberius. Nine years later he died and was given a public funeral. This article is about the year 12. ... For other persons named Tiberius, see Tiberius (disambiguation). ...

The Gospel of Luke mentions the census taken by Quirinius when he was governor of Syria, as part of a census of the "whole world", in connection with the birth of Jesus. However Luke and the Gospel of Matthew date the birth to the reign of Herod the Great, who died in 4 BC, nearly ten years before Quirinius became governor. Most historians argue that Luke is in error,^[1] but others deny it^[2] The Gospel of Luke (literally, according to Luke; Greek, Κατά Λουκαν, Kata Loukan) is a synoptic Gospel, and the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels of the New Testament. ... The Nativity by Caravaggio, 1609. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... The Gospel of Matthew (literally, according to Matthew; Greek, Κατά Μαθθαίον or Κατά Ματθαίον, Kata Maththaion or Kata Matthaion) is a synoptic gospel in the New Testament, one of four canonical gospels. ... Herod (‎, Greek: ), also known as Herod I or Herod the Great, was a Roman client king of Judaea (73 BC – 4 BC in Jericho)[1]. Herod is known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and other parts of the ancient world, including the construction of the Second Temple in... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC - 0s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 9 BC 8 BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC 1 2 Events Archelaus becomes...

See also

• Census of Quirinius

The Census of Quirinius refers to the enrollment of the Roman Provinces of Syria and Iudaea for the purpose of taxation taken during the reign of the Roman Emperor Augustus when Publius Sulpicius Quirinius was appointed governor of Syria. ...

References

The literature is given in Emil Schürer, Geschichte 3d ed., i. 508-543, the following works being especially important: John Paul Meier is a prominent Biblical scholar and Catholic priest. ... Raymond Edward Brown (May 22, 1928 - August 8, 1998), was an American Roman Catholic priest and Biblical scholar. ... Adrian Nicholas Sherwin-White (born 1911, died January 11, 1993) was an Oxford historian and member of the British Academy who specialized in Roman history. ... Fergus Millar FBA is Camden Professor of Ancient History Emeritus Oxford University. ... Fergus Millar FBA is Camden Professor of Ancient History Emeritus Oxford University. ... Fergus Millar FBA is Camden Professor of Ancient History Emeritus Oxford University. ... Emil Schürer (May 2, 1844 - April 30, 1910), German Protestant theologian, was born at Augsburg. ...

• T. Mommsen, Res Gestœ Divi Augusti, 1st ed., p. 121 (2d ed., pp. 175 et seq.);
• Karl Theodor Keim, Gesch. Jesu 3d ed., pp. 101 et seq., Zurich, 1873;
• David Strauss, Das Leben Jesu, 11th ed., i. 57, ii. 24, Bonn, 1895;
• Alfred Edersheim, Life of Jesus the Messiah, i. 182, London 1883;
• Francis Haverfield, in The Classical Review, 1900.
• This article incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, a publication now in the public domain.

Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (November 30, 1817–November 1, 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician, archaeologist[1] and writer[2], generally regarded as the greatest classicist of the 19th century. ... Karl Theodor Keim (December 17, 1825 - November 17, 1878) was a German Protestant theologian. ... Portrait of David Strauss. ... Alfred Edersheim (March 7, 1825 – March 16, 1889) was a Jewish convert to Christianity and a biblical scholar, known especially for his book The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah (1883). ... The Jewish Encyclopedia was an encyclopedia originally published between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

External links

• Publius Sulpicius Quirinius
• Jewish Encyclopedia: QUIRINIUS, P. SULPICIUS