Radiation biology is the interdisciplinary field of science that studies the biological effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation of the whole electromagnetic spectrum, including radioactivity (alpha, beta and gamma), x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, microwaves, radio wave, low-frequency radiation (such as used in alternate electric transmission, ultrasound thermal radiation (heat), and related modalities. Interdisciplinary work is that which integrates concepts across different disciplines. ... Ionizing radiation is a type of particle radiation in which an individual particle (for example, a photon, electron, or helium nucleus) carries enough energy to ionize an atom or molecule (that is, to completely remove an electron from its orbit). ... Non-ionising radiation (or in American English non-ionizing radiation) refers to any type of electromagnetic radiation that does not carry enough energy to ionize living material - that is, to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule. ... Radiation has a variety of different meanings. ... Legend: γ = Gamma rays HX = Hard X-rays SX = Soft X-Rays EUV = Extreme ultraviolet NUV = Near ultraviolet Visible light NIR = Near infrared MIR = Moderate infrared FIR = Far infrared Radio waves: EHF = Extremely high frequency (Microwaves) SHF = Super high frequency (Microwaves) UHF = Ultrahigh frequency VHF = Very high frequency HF = High frequency... Radioactivity may mean: Look up radioactivity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. An X-ray picture (radiograph) taken by Röntgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz... Note: Ultraviolet is also the name of a 1998 UK television miniseries about vampires. ... The optical spectrum (light or visible spectrum) is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. ... Microwave image of 3C353 galaxy at 8. ... Radio frequency, or RF, refers to that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in which electromagnetic waves can be generated by alternating current fed to an antenna. ... City lights viewed in a motion blurred exposure. ... A baby in its mothers womb, viewed in a sonogram Ultrasound is sound with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing, approximately 20 kiloHertz/20,000 Hertz. ... Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation from an object that is due only to the objects temperature. ...

The interactions between electromagnetic fields (EMF) and organisms can be studied at several levels:

• radiation chemistry
• molecular and cell biology
• molecular genetics
• cell death and apoptosis
• dose modifying agents
• protection and repair mechanisms
• tissue responses to radiation
• high and low-level electromagnetic radiation hazards
• specific absorption rates of organisms
• radiation poisoning
• radiation oncology (radiation therapy in cancer)

Radiochemistry deals with the use of radioactivity to study ordinary chemical reactions. ... Molecular biology is the study of biology at a molecular level. ... Cell biology (also called cellular biology or cytology, from the Greek kytos, container) is an academic discipline which studies cells. ... Molecular genetics is the field of biology which studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level. ... Programmed cell death (PCD) is the deliberate suicide of an unwanted cell in a multicellular organism. ... Apoptosis In biology, apoptosis (from the Greek words apo = from and ptosis = falling, commonly pronounced ap-a-tow-sis[1]) is one of the main types of programmed cell death (PCD). ... Electromagnetic radiation can be classified into ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation, based on whether it is capable of ionizing atoms and breaking chemical bonds. ... Specific absorption rate (SAR) is a measure of the rate at which radio frequency (RF) energy is absorbed by the body when using a cellular telephone. ... Radiation poisoning, also called radiation sickness, is a form of damage to organic tissue due to excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. ... Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionizing radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). ... Clinac 2100 C accelerator Radiation therapy (or radiotherapy) is the medical use of ionising radiation as part of cancer treatment to control malignant cells (not to be confused with radiology, the use of radiation in medical imaging and diagnosis). ... When normal cells are damaged beyond repair, they are eliminated by apoptosis. ...

See also

• Radiosensitivity
• Radiology
• Nuclear medicine
• Radiophobia