NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Raetia

Raetia (so always in inscriptions; classical manuscripts usually use the form Rhaetia) was a province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country of the Helvetii, on the east by Noricum, on the north by Vindelicia, and on the south by Cisalpine Gaul. It thus comprised the districts occupied in modern times by eastern and central Switzerland (containing the Upper Rhine and Lake Constance), southern Bavaria and the Upper Swabia, Vorarlberg, the greater part of Tirol, and part of Lombardy. The northern border of Raetia was part of the Limes Germanicus, stretching for 166 km along the Danube. Raetia was linked to Italy across the Alpine Resia Pass by the Via Claudia Augusta. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1218x730, 331 KB) Summary Karte ist erstellt von mir - Vorlage Demis http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1218x730, 331 KB) Summary Karte ist erstellt von mir - Vorlage Demis http://www. ... Map of the Roman Empire, with the provinces, after 120. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent. ... A map of Gaul showing the northern Alpine position of the Helvetii. ... Noricum in ancient geography was a celtic kingdom in Austria and later a province of the Roman Empire. ... In ancient geography, Vindelicia is a country bounded on the south by Raetia, on the north by the Danube and the Vallum Hadriani, on the east by the Oenus (Inn), on the west by the territory of the Helvetii. ... Cisalpine Gaul (Latin: Gallia Cisalpina, meaning Gaul this side of the Alps) was a province of the Roman Republic, in Emilia and Lombardy of modern-day northern Italy. ... The Upper Rhine is the part of the Rhine that flows between Basel and Bingen. ... For other uses, see Lake Constance, New Zealand. ... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... Vorarlberg is the westernmost state (Land) of Austria. ... Tyrol (Tirol in German) is a federal state or Bundesland, located in the west of Austria. ... Lombardy (Italian: Lombardia, Lombard: LumbardÃ¬a) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ... Map of Upper Germanic Limes The Limes Germanicus (Latin for Germanic frontier) was a remarkable line of frontier (limes) forts that bounded the ancient Roman provinces of Germania Superior and Raetia, and divided the Roman Empire and the unsubdued Germanic tribes, from the years 83 to 260. ... Resia Pass (Italian: Passo di Resia, German: Reschenpass) is an Alpine pass (1504 m) located at the Italian-Austrian border, close to the border with Switzerland. ... The Via Claudia Augusta was the Roman road that linked the valley of the Po with Rhaetia across the Alps. ...

History

Little is known of the origin or history of the Raetians, who appear in the records as one of the most powerful and warlike of the Alpine tribes. Livy states distinctly (Ab Urbe Condita v. 33) that they were of Etruscan origin (a belief that is favored by Niebuhr and Mommsen). A tradition reported by Justin (xx. 5) and Pliny the Elder (Naturalis Historia, iii. 24, 133) affirmed that they were a portion of that people who had settled in the plains of the Po and were driven into the mountains by the invading Gauls, when they assumed the name of "Raetians" from their leader Raetus; a more probable derivation, however, is from Celtic rait (mountain land). Even if their Etruscan origin be accepted, at the time when the land became known to the Romans, Celtic tribes were already in possession of it and had amalgamated so completely with the original inhabitants that, generally speaking, the Raetians of later times may be regarded as a Celtic people, although non-Celtic tribes (Lepontii, Euganei) were settled among them. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A portrait of Titus Livius made long after his death. ... Extent of Etruscan civilization and the twelve Etruscan League cities. ... Barthold Georg Niebuhr. ... Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (November 30, 1817â€“November 1, 1903) was a German classical scholar, jurist and historian, generally regarded as the greatest classicist of the 19th century. ... Justin or Marcus Junianus Justinus or Justinus Frontinus, 3rd century Roman historian. ... Pliny the Elder: an imaginative 19th Century portrait. ... The Po (Latin: Padus, Italian: Po) is a river that flows 652 kilometers (405 miles) eastward across northern Italy, from Monviso (in the Cottian Alps) to the Adriatic Sea near Venice. ... Gallia (in English Gaul) is the Latin name for the region of western Europe occupied by present-day France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ... This article is about the European people. ... The Lepontii were an ancient people occupying portions of Rhaetia (in modern Switzerland and Italy) in the Alps during the time of the Roman conquest of that territory. ... The Euganei (fr. ...

The modern people of western Austria (a Rhaetian region) have been found to have a relatively high incidence of Y-chromosome Haplogroup G, which has a relatively high incidence in the people of all regions of historical Etruscan occupation. In human genetics, Haplogroup G (M201) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. ...

The Raetians are first mentioned (but only incidentally) by Polybius (Histories xxxiv. 10, iS), and little is heard of them till after the end of the Republic. There is little doubt, however, that they retained their independence until their subjugation in 15 by Tiberius and Drusus (compare Horace, Odes, iv. 4 and 14). Polybius (c. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus Roman provinces on the eve of the assassination of Julius Caesar, c. ... For other uses, see 15 (disambiguation). ... Tiberius Caesar Augustus, born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16, 42 BC â€“ March 16 AD 37), was the second Roman Emperor, from the death of Augustus in AD 14 until his own death in 37. ... Bust of Nero Claudius Drusus, in the MusÃ©e du Cinquantinaire, Brussels Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, born Decimus Claudius Drusus and variously called Drusus, Drusus I, Drusus Claudius Nero, or Drusus the Elder (14 January 38 - 9 BC) was the youngest son of Livia, wife of Augustus, and her first... Horace, as imagined by Anton von Werner Quintus Horatius Flaccus, (December 8, 65 BC - November 27, 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace, was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus. ...

At first Raetia formed a distinct province, but towards the end of the 1st century A.D. Vindelicia was added to it; hence Tacitus (Germania, 41) could speak of Augusta Vindelicorum (Augsburg) as "a colony of the province of Raetia". The whole province (including Vindelicia) was at first under a military prefect, then under a procurator; it had no standing army quartered in it but relied on its own native troops and militia for protection until the 2nd century A.D. Gaius Cornelius Tacitus Publius or Gaius Cornelius Tacitus (c. ... Map of the Roman Empire and Germania Magna in the early 2nd century, with the location of some Germanic tribes as described by Tacitus. ... Augsburg is a city in south-central Germany. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A prefect (from the Latin praefectus, perfect participle of praeficere: make in front, i. ... A procurator is the incumbent of any of several current and historical political or legal offices. ... Lebanese Kataeb militia A Militia is an organization of citizens to provide defense, emergency or paramilitary service, or those engaged in such activity. ...

During the reign of Marcus Aurelius, Raetia was governed by the commander of the Legio III Italica, which was based in Castra Regina (Regensburg) by 179 A.D. Under Diocletian, Raetia formed part of the diocese of the vicarius Italiae, and was subdivided into Raetia prima and Raetia secunda (each under a praeses), the former corresponding to the old Raetia, the latter to Vindelicia. The boundary between them is not clearly defined, but may be stated generally as a line drawn eastwards from the lacus Brigantinus (Lake Constance) to the Oenus (River Inn). Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (April 26, 121[1] â€“ March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death. ... Legio III Italica was a Roman legion levied by Marcus Aurelius around 165, for his campaign against the Marcomanni tribe. ... Regensburg (also Ratisbon, Latin Ratisbona) is a city (population 151. ... Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ... Pope Pius XI blesses Bishop Stephen Alencastre as fifth Apostolic Vicar of the Hawaiian Islands in a Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace window. ... For other uses, see Lake Constance, New Zealand. ... The Inn is a river in Switzerland, Austria and Germany. ...

During the last years of the Western Empire, the land was in a desolate condition, but its occupation by the Ostrogoths in the time of Theodoric the Great, who placed it under a dux, to some extent revived its prosperity. The Western Roman Empire is the name given to the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian. ... This article deals with the continental Ostrogoths. ... Theodoric the Great (454 - August 30, 526), known to the Romans as Flavius Theodoricus, was king of the Ostrogoths (488-526), ruler of Italy (493-526), and regent of the Visigoths (511-526). ...

Economy

The land was very mountainous, and the inhabitants, when not engaged in predatory expeditions, chiefly supported themselves by cattle-breeding and cutting timber, little attention being paid to agriculture. Some of the valleys, however, were rich and fertile, and produced corn and wine, the latter considered equal to any in Italia. Augustus Caesar preferred Raetian wine to any other. Considerable trade in pitch, honey, wax, and cheese occurred. Augustus Caesar Caesar Augustus (Latin: IMP·CAESAR·DIVI·F·AVGVSTVS)¹ (23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), known earlier in his life as Gaius Octavius or Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, was the first Roman Emperor and is traditionally considered the greatest. ... A jar of honey, shown with a wooden honey server and scones/biscuits. ... candle wax This page is about the substance. ... Cheese is a solid food made from the milk of cows, goats, sheep, and other mammals. ...

Human geography

The chief towns of Raetia (excluding Vindelicia) were Tridentum (Trento) and Curia (Coire or Chur). It was traversed by two great lines of Roman roads — one leading from Verona and Tridentum across the Brenner Pass (in which the name of the Brennii has survived) to Innsbruck and thence to Augusta Vindelicorum (Augsburg), the other from Brigantium (Bregenz) on Lake Constance by Chur and Chiavenna to Como and Milan. Panorama of Trento. ... Chur (French: Coire, German Chur (khoor) [kuËr] (in GraubÃ¼nden); [xuËr] (elsewhere), Romansh Cuira (KWAY-rah) [Ëˆkwera] or (KWOI-rah) [Ëˆkwojra], Italian Coira (KOI-rah) [Ëˆkojra], Latin: Curia, Curia Rhaetorum and Curia Raetorum), is the capital of the Swiss canton of GraubÃ¼nden and lies in the northern... This page is about the city in Italy; for other uses, see Verona (disambiguation). ... The Brenner Pass (Italian Passo del Brennero) is a mountain pass that creates a link through the Tyrolean Alps along the current border between the nations of Austria and Italy, one of the principal passes of the Alps. ... Brenner Pass (Italian: Passo del Brennero; German: Brennerpass; Latin: Brennus Mons) is a mountain pass through the Alps along the border between Italy and Austria, and is one of the principal passes of the Alps. ... Innsbruck is a city in western Austria, and the capital of the federal state of Tyrol. ... Augsburg is a city in south-central Germany. ... Bregenz is the capital of Vorarlberg, the westernmost federal state of Austria. ... Chiavenna can refer to: Places Chiavenna (Sondrio), a commune of the Province of Sondrio, at one end of the SplÃ¼gen Pass. ... Como (Comm in the local dialect of Lombard language) is a city in Lombardy, Italy, 45 km north of Milan. ... This article is about the city in Italy. ...

The Rätikon mountain range derives its name from Raetia. The RÃ¤tikon is a range of the Central Eastern Alps located at the border between Vorarlberg, Liechtenstein and GraubÃ¼nden. ...

Important cities

Aalen (pronounced ) is a town in the German state of Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg. ... For other places with the same name, see Arbon (disambiguation). ... Augsburg is a city in south-central Germany. ... Augsburg is a city in south-central Germany. ... Heidenheim an der Brenz (short: Heidenheim) is a city in eastern Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg, Germany. ... Bregenz is the capital of Vorarlberg, the westernmost federal state of Austria. ... Kempten is the capital of AllgÃ¤u, a region in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany. ... Passau (Latin: Batavis or Batavia, also Passavium; Italian: Passavia; Czech: Pasov) is a town in Niederbayern, Eastern Bavaria, Germany, known also as the DreiflÃ¼ssestadt (City of Three Rivers), because the Danube River is joined there by the Inn River from the South, and the Ilz River coming out of... Regensburg (also Ratisbon, Latin Ratisbona) is a city (population 151. ... Feldkirch can refer to: In Austria: Feldkirch, Vorarlberg, a medieval city and capital of an administrative district Feldkirch (district), an administrative division of Vorarlberg In France: Feldkirch, Haut-Rhin, a commune (municipality) in France. ... Balzers is a village and community located in southern Liechtenstein. ... Chur (French: Coire, German Chur (khoor) [kuËr] (in GraubÃ¼nden); [xuËr] (elsewhere), Romansh Cuira (KWAY-rah) [Ëˆkwera] or (KWOI-rah) [Ëˆkwojra], Italian Coira (KOI-rah) [Ëˆkojra], Latin: Curia, Curia Rhaetorum and Curia Raetorum), is the capital of the Swiss canton of GraubÃ¼nden and lies in the northern... FÃ¼ssen is a town in Bavaria, Germany, in the district OstallgÃ¤u. ... GÃ¼nzburg is capital of the district of GÃ¼nzburg in Swabia, Bavaria. ... SchwÃ¤bisch GmÃ¼nd is a town in the eastern part of the German state of Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg. ... Garmisch-Partenkirchen (29,875 inhabitants; 01-01-2004) is a market town, and the administrative centre of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in the Oberbayern region of Bavaria, Germany, near the border with Austria. ... Straubing is an independent city in Niederbayern. ...

References

EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

See also

Karl Joachim Marquardt (image) Joachim Marquardt (April 19, 1812 - November 30, 1882), German historian and writer on Roman antiquities, was born at Danzig(GdaÅ„sk). ... Sir William Smith (1813 - 1893), English lexicographer, was born at Enfield in 1813 of Nonconformist parents. ...

Category: Ancient Roman provinces Map of the Roman Empire, with the provinces, after 120. ... Roman Empire Copyright unknown. ... The Roman Empire in 120, with the province of Achaea highlighted. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Image:REmpire Alpes Cottiae. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Arabia Petraea Arabia Petraea, also called Provincia Arabia or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the second century; it consisted of the former Nabataean kingdom in modern Jordan, southern modern Syria Sinai, and northwestern Saudi Arabia. ... The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (sometimes referred to as Armenia Minor) was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. ... Roman conquest of Asia minor The Roman province of Asia was the administrative unit added to the late Republic, a Senatorial province governed by a proconsul who was an ex-consul, an honor granted only to Asia and the other rich province of Africa. ... Roman province of Assyria, 120 CE Assyria was a province of the Roman Empire, roughly situated in modern-day northern Iraq. ... Bithynia was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine (today Black Sea). ... Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between 43 and 410. ... Look up Cappadocia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Cilicia as Roman province, 120 AD In Antiquity, Cilicia (ÎšÎ¹Î»Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î±) was the name of a region, now known as Ã‡ukurova, and often a political unit, on the southeastern coast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey), north of Cyprus. ... Roman province of Commagene, 120 CE Commagene (Greek KÎ¿Î¼Î¼Î±Î³Î·Î½Î· KommagÃªnÃª) was a small sometime kingdom, located in modern south-central Turkey, with its capital at Samosata (modern Samsat, near the Euphrates). ... Corsica et Sardinia was an ancient Roman province including the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... The provinces of the Roman Empire in 120, with Dacia highlighted. ... Dalmatia, highlighted, on a map of Croatia. ... Epirus, spanning Greece and Albania. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Gallia Aquitania, a province of The Roman Empire Gallia Aquitania, in ancient geography, was a province of the Roman Empire, located in present-day southwest France and bordered by the provinces of Gallia Lugdunensis, Gallia Narbonensis, and Hispania Tarraconensis. ... The Roman Province of Gallia Belgica in 58 BCE The Roman Province of Gallia Belgica around 120 CE Gallia Belgica was a Roman province located in what is now the southern part of the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northeastern France, and western Germany. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Roman province of Gallia Narbonensis, 120 AD Gallia Narbonensis was a Roman province located in what is now Languedoc and Provence, in southern France. ... The Roman province of Germania Inferior, 120 AD Germania Inferior was a Roman province located on the left bank of the Rhine, in todays southern and western Netherlands, the whole of Belgium and Luxembourg, parts of north-eastern France, and western Germany. ... Categories: Historical stubs | Ancient Roman provinces | German history | Germany | History of the Germanic peoples ... Roman province of Hispania Baetica, 120 CE In Hispania, which in Greek is called Iberia, there were three Imperial Roman provinces, Hispania Baetica in the south, Lusitania, corresponding to modern Portugal, in the west, and Hispania Tarraconensis in the north and northeast. ... In red is the province of Lusitania within the Roman Empire, 120 AD Lusitania was an ancient Roman province approximately including current Portugal, except for the area between the rivers Douro and Minho (part of Hispania Tarraconensis), and part of modern day western Spain, the present autonomous communities of Extremadura... Roman Imperial province of Hispania Tarraconensis, 120 AD Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. ... Iudaea Province in the 1st century Iudaea was a Roman province that extended over Judaea (Palestine). ... Iturea is the Greek name of a province, derived from the Biblical Jetur, name of a son of Ishmael ( Gen. ... In ancient geography, Lycaonia was a large region in the interior of Asia Minor, north of Mount Taurus. ... Lycia (Lycian: TrmÌƒmisa) is a region in the modern day Antalya Province on the southern coast of Turkey. ... In the first century A.D., the Emperor Claudius divided the Roman province of Mauretania into Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tingitana. ... In the first century A.D., the Emperor Claudius divided the Roman province of Mauretania into Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tingitana. ... Moesia (Greek: , Moisia; Bulgarian: ÐœÐ¸Ð·Ð¸Ñ, Miziya; Serbian: ÐœÐµÐ·Ð¸Ñ˜Ð°, Mezija) is an ancient province situated in the areas of modern Serbia and Bulgaria. ... Noricum in ancient geography was a celtic kingdom in Austria and later a province of the Roman Empire. ... Numidia was an ancient Berber kingdom in North Africa that later alternated between a Roman province and a Roman client state, and is no longer in existence today. ... Osroene (also: Osrohene, Osrhoene; Syriac: Ü¡Ü ÜŸÜ˜Ü¬Ü Ü•Ü’ÜÜ¬ Ü¥Ü£ÜªÜ Ü¥ÜÜ¢Ü¶Ü), also known by the name of its capital city, Edessa (modern Sanli Urfa, in Syriac: ÜÜ˜ÜªÜ—Ü), was one of several kingdoms arising from the dissolution of the Seleucid Empire. ... Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ... Pamphylia, in ancient geography, was the region in the south of Asia Minor, between Lycia and Cilicia, extending from the Mediterranean to Mount Taurus. ... Pisidia was an inland region in southern Anatolia. ... Traditional rural Pontic house A man in traditional clothes from Trabzon, illustration Pontus is the name which was applied, in ancient times, to extensive tracts of country in the northeast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) bordering on the Euxine (Black Sea), which was often called simply Pontos (the main), by... Sicilia (Latin) was the name given to the first province acquired by the Roman Republic in its rise to Empire, organised in 241 BCE as a proconsular governed territory in the aftermath of the First Punic War with Carthage. ... Roman province of Sophene, 120 CE Armenia Sophene was a short-lived (c. ... The Chersonesus Tauricus of Antiquity, shown on a map printed in London, ca 1770 Taurica (Greek: , Latin: ) also known as Tauris, Taurida, Tauric Chersonese, and Chersonesus Taurica was the name of Crimea in Antiquity. ... Thraciae veteris typvs. ...

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