Rajpootana region - as depicted in the Map of India by Anthony Finley in 1831.

Rajputana Agency was a collection of native states in India, under the political charge of an agent to the Governor-General of India who resided at Mount Abu in the Aravalli Range. The total area of Rajputana was 127,541 square miles (330,330 km²). It included 18 states and 2 estates or chiefships. For administrative purposes Rajputana was subdivided into nine groups of states, consisting of three residencies and six agencies: Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Governor-Generals Flag (1885–1947) depicted the Star of India on a Union Flag. ... Mount Abu is the highest peak in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan state, in western India. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

• Mewar Residency, with headquarters at Udaipur, included the state of Mewar (Udaipur).
• Western Rajputana States Agency, which included the states of Dungarpur, Partabgarh and Banswara. This agency was part of Mewar Residency until 1906, when it was separated.
• Jaipur Residency, with headquarters at Jaipur, comprising the states of Jaipur and Kishangarh and the estate of Lawa.
• Western Rajputana States Residency, with headquarters at Jodhpur, comprising the states of Jodhpur, Jaisalmer and Sirohi.
• Bikaner Agency, with headquarters at Bikaner.
• Tarangagadh, with headquarters at Taranga.
• Alwar Agency, with headquarters at Alwar.
• Eastern Rajputana States Agency, with headquarters at Bharatpur, comprising the states of Bharatpur, Dholpur, and Karauli.
• Haraoti-Tonk Agency, with headquarters at Deoli, comprising the states of Tonk and Bundi and the estate of Shahpura.
• Kotah-Jhalawar Agency, with headquarters at Kota, comprising the states of Kotah and Jhalawar.

All of the states had Hindu Rajput rulers, except Tonk, which had a Muslim ruler, and Bharatpur and Dholpur, which had Jat rulers. The small British province of Ajmer-Merwara was also included within the geographical area of Rajputana, but was under direct British rule. Although Rajputs ruled most of the states, they comprised a minority of the population; in the 1901 census, of a total population of 9,723,301, 620,229 were Rajputs, who were numerically strongest in the northern states and in Udaipur. Mewar was a residency of British India It belonged to Rajputana Agency. ... Udaipur   (उदयपुर) is a city and a municipal council in Udaipur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... Mewar is a region of south-central Rajasthan state in western India. ... Dungarpur is a city in southern Rajasthan state of India. ... This article is about the city and district in Uttar Pradesh. ... , Banswara is a city in Banswara District in south Rajasthan in India. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... , Jaipur   (Hindi: जयपुर, Rajasthan Capital), also popularly known as the Pink City, historically sometimes rendered as Jeypore, is the capital of Rajasthan state, India. ... , Kishangarh is a city and a municipality in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... Los Angeles World Airports or L.A.W.A. is the airport oversight and operations department for Los Angeles, California. ... , Jodhpur   (जोधपुर), is the second largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... , Jaisalmer   (The Golden City) is a town in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... Sirohi is a city in southern Rajasthan state in western India. ... , Bikaner is a city in the northwest of the state of Rajasthan in western India. ... In Polynesian mythology, Taranga (Bua-Taranga to the Samoa) was, with Makea-Tutara, the mother of Maui. ... Alwar is famous for its scenic landscape Alwar is a city in the Rajasthan state of western India. ... , Bharatpur (Hindi:भरतपुर) is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... Dholpur (also Dhaulpur) is a city in eastern Rajasthan state of India. ... Karauli (also Karoli or Kerowlee) is a town in Rajasthan state of India. ... Deoli is a city and a municipal council in Wardha district in the state of Maharashtra, India. ... Tonk is a town in Rajasthan state, India. ... Bundi is a city and a municipality of approximately 88,000 inhabitants (2001) in the Hadoti region of Rajasthan state in northwest India. ... This article belongs in one or more categories. ... Kota can refer to: The Indonesian word for city. ... Jhalawar(Hindi:झालावाड़) is a city in southeastern Rajasthan. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Rajput constitute one of the major Hindu Kshatriya groups from India. ... Look up Tonk in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Dholpur (also Dhaulpur) is a city in eastern Rajasthan state of India. ... About 8 million Jats live in the Indian state of Haryana. ... Ajmer-Merwara (also Ajmere-Merwara) is a former province of British India. ...

Other important castes and tribes of Rajputana were the Brahmins, who traditionally occupied the highest rank among castes, and were numerous and influential; the Bhat caste, who were the keepers of secular tradition and of the genealogies; the Hindu mercantile castes; Jains, who comprised the majority of the merchants; the powerful cultivating groups, such as the Jat caste, the Gujars and the Meenas, the tribal peoples, Bhils and Meo. In the 1901 census, 7,035,093 persons, or more than 72% of the total population spoke one of the Rajasthani languages. The Sanskrit word denotes the scholar/teacher, priest, caste, class (), or tribe, that has been traditionally enjoined to live a life of learning, teaching and non-possessivenes . ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... The word Caste is derived from the Portuguese word casta, meaning lineage, breed or race. ... The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizes the Jain Vow of Ahinsa, meaning non-injury and nonviolence. ... The Jats are a prominent people caste/jati settled in and occupying a prominent position in Punjab, Western Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan in India. ... Migrants in one of the several migratory waves that brought Indo-Europeans into South-Asia. ... Meenas, Meena or Mina is a community mainly found in Rajasthan, India. ... Bhils are a tribal people of central India. ... Menuet (also called MenuetOS or MeOS) is a hobby OS for IBM PC compatible computers originally conceived by Ville Mikael Turjanmaa and released under the GPL. Now the project lies in the hands of Jarek Pelczar. ... Rajasthani (राजस्थानी) is a language of the Indo-Aryan languages family. ...

Economy

Rajputana Agency and Ajmer-Merwara province, 1909

Under the British Raj, the majority of the people were occupied in agriculture. In the large towns banking and commerce flourished. In the north, the staple products for export were salt, grain, wool and cotton, and in the south opium and cotton. The major imports included of sugar, hardware and piece goods. Rajputana had relatively little industrial production. The principal manufactures were cotton and woolen goods, metalwork, ivory carving, and other handicrafts which were chiefly carried on in the eastern states. The system of agriculture was very simple; in the drier country west of the Aravalli Range only one crop was raised in the year, while in other parts south and east of the Aravallis two crops were raised annually, and various kinds of cereals, pulses and fibres are grown. In the desert tracts fine breeds of camels, cattle, horses and sheep were to be found wherever there is pasturage. Irrigation, mostly from wells, was almost confined to the northern portion. Rajputana was traversed throughout by the Rajputana railway, with its Malwa branch in the south, and diverging to Agra and Delhi in the north. Jodhpur, Udaipur and Bikaner had constructed branch railways at their own cost, the first of which was extended in 1901 to Hyderabad in Sindh. In 1909 another line was opened running north near the eastern boundary from Kotah to Bharatpur. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x831, 263 KB) From Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1907-1909 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x831, 263 KB) From Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1907-1909 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Anthem God Save The King-Emperor The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (1858 - 1912) New Delhi (1912 - 1947) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Malwa (Malvi:माळवा) is a region in western India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin in the western part of Madhya Pradesh state and the south-eastern part of Rajasthan. ... For other uses, see Agra (disambiguation). ... , For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... Year 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Hyderabad   or Haidarābād (Urdu/Sindhi: حيدر آباد) is located in the Sindh province of Pakistan (formerly known as Neroon Kot نيرُون ڪوٽ). Formerly the capital of Sindh and known as the city of perfumes, it is now a regional headquarter of the district of Hyderabad. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Rulers

Flag of Rajput

In northern India in the eleventh century, Rajputana was ruled by a number of dynasties, Chief of these were the Pratiharas, who ruled at Kanauj; the Paramaras of Malwa; the Rahavers of Tarangagadh; the Chauhans of Ajmer; the Solankis of Anhilwara in Gujarat; the Guhilots with the Sesodia sept of Udaipur (Mewar); the Rahtors of Marwar (Jodhpur); and the Kachwaha clan of Jaipur. The Sesodias and Kachwahas ruled until Indian independence. These Rajput dynasties were gradually supplanted or subordinated by the Moslem invaders of the 11th century and weakened by internal feuds. At the beginning of the 16th century the Rajput power began to revive, only to be overthrown by the Babur, founder of the Mughal empire at Fatehpur Sikri in 1527. The clans were finally either conquered, overawed or conciliated by Akbar, except for the distant Sesodia clan, which, however, submitted to Jahangir in 1616. From Akbar's accession to Aurangzeb's death in 1707, a period of 151 years, most of India was under Mughal control. Aurangzeb's death and the invasion of Nadir Shah of Iran led to a triple alliance among the three leading Rajput chiefs, which internal jealousy so weakened that the Marathas, having been called in by the Rahtors to aid them, took possession of Ajmer about 1756. By the end of the century nearly the whole of Rajputana had been virtually subdued by the Marathas. The Second Anglo-Maratha War distracted the Marathas from 1807 to 1809, but afterwards Maratha domination of Rajputana resumed. In 1817 the British went to war with the Pindaris, raiders who were based in Maratha territory, which quickly became the Third Anglo-Maratha War, and the British government offered its protection to the Rajput rulers from the Pindaris and the Marathas. The Pindari were defeated, and the Afghan adventurer Amir Khan submitted and signed a treaty with the British, making him the ruler of Tonk. By the end of 1818 The Sword of Rever Dyansty again make war and in the history of Rajasthan this war is being remembered as victory of "Rahevars" with the east india co. of Britain. Maratha Sindhia ruler of Gwalior gave up the district of Ajmer-Merwara to the British, and Maratha influence in Rajasthan came to an end. Most of the Rajput princes remained loyal to Britain in the Revolt of 1857, and few political changes were made in Rajputana until Indian independence in 1947. The Pratiharas (Hindi परतिहार pratihāra, also known as Parihars) ruled a large kingdom in northern India from the 6th to the 11th centuries. ... Kanauj, or Kannauj, is an ancient city of Uttar Pradesh state of India (1991 pop. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Malwa (Malvi:माळवा) is a region in western India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin in the western part of Madhya Pradesh state and the south-eastern part of Rajasthan. ... Chauhan (चौहान - Hindi, چوہان - Urdu, some Chauhans also choose to spell their name Chohan - ﮀﻮﮨﺎﻥ) - are a Arya clan in India. ... , Ajmer   (Hindi: अजमेर ) is a city in Ajmer District in Indias Rajasthan state. ... For the English cricketer, See Vikram Solanki The Solanki or Chalukya is a Hindu Gurjar,Rajput dynasty of India, who ruled the kingdom of Gujarat from the 10th to the 13th centuries. ... Patan is a city in Gujarat state of western India. ... This article is for the Indian state. ... The Sisodia, Sesodia (or Sisodya) are a Rajput clan who ruled the kingdom of Mewar in Rajasthan. ... Mewar is a region of south-central Rajasthan state in western India. ... Marwar (मारवाड़) is a region of southwestern Rajasthan state in western India. ... The Kachwaha (also spelled as Kacchavahas, Kachhawa, Kuchhwaha , Kushwaha, and includes Kacchapghata, Kakutstha, and Kurma) are a Suryavanshi Rajput clan which was ruling a number of kingdoms and princely states, including Jaipur, Alwar, Jammu and Kashmir, Amethi and Maihar, before Indias independence in 1947. ... , Jaipur   (Hindi: जयपुर, Rajasthan Capital), also popularly known as the Pink City, historically sometimes rendered as Jeypore, is the capital of Rajasthan state, India. ... Zāhir ud-DÄ«n Mohammad, commonly known as Bābur (February 14, 1483 – December 26, 1530) (Chaghatay/Persian: ; also spelled ), was a Muslim Emperor from Central Asia who founded the Mughal dynasty of India. ... Capital Delhi / Agra Language(s) Persian (initially also Chagatai, Turkish; later also Urdu) Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1526-1530 Babur  - 1530–1539 and after restoration 1555–1556 Humayun  - 1556–1605 Akbar  - 1605–1627 Jahangir  - 1628–1658 Shah Jahan  - 1659–1707 Aurangzeb History  - Established April 21, 1526  - Ended September 21, 1857 Area... View across Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri (Hindi: ) was the political capital of Indias Mughal Empire under Akbars reign, from 1571 until 1585, when it was abandoned, ostensibly due to lack of water. ... January 5 - Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, was drowned in the Limmat in Zürich by the Zürich Reformed state church. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... n ... Year 1616 (MDCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Aurangzeb (Persian: (full title: Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abdul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, Padshah Ghazi) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), also known by his chosen Imperial title Alamgir I (Conqueror of the Universe) (Persian: ), was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Acts of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... Nadir Shah’s portrait from the collection of Smithsonian Institute Nadir Shah (Persian: نادر شاه) (Nadir Qoli Beg (Persian: نادر قلی بیگ), also Tahmasp-Qoli Khan (Persian: تهماسپ قلی خان) also Nadir Shah Afshar (Persian: نادر شاه افشار) ) (October 22, 1688 - June 19, 1747) ruled as Shah of Iran (1736–47) and was the founder of the short-lived Turkic Afsharid... The Marāthās (Marathi: , also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu warriors and peasants hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a the expansive Maratha Empire, covering a major part of India, in the late 17th and 18th centuries. ... 1756 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803 - 1805) was a second conflict between Britain and the Maratha empire in India. ... Year 1807 (MDCCCVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1817 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Pindari is a word of uncertain origin, applied to the irregular horsemen who accompanied the Maratha armies in central India during the 18th century when the Mughal Empire was breaking up. ... The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817 - 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between Britain and the Maratha empire in India, which left Britain in control of most of India. ... An Afghan or an Afghani is the name used to describe a person from the country of Afghanistan. ... Amir Khan was a Pindari leader, probably Afghan_born, who fought the British in India in the early 19th century. ... Year 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Sindhia, also spelled Scindia , Sindia, or Shinde are a prominent Maratha family in India. ... , Gwalior   is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India. ... Ajmer-Merwara (also Ajmere-Merwara) is a former province of British India. ... An engraving titled Sepoy Indian troops dividing the spoils after their mutiny against British rule gives a contemporary view of events from the British perspective. ... Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.