Ramadan or Ramadhan (Arabic: رمضان) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. Muharram (Arabic: محرم ) is the first month of the Islamic calendar. ... Safar (صفر) is the second month in the Islamic calendar. ... Rabi al-awwal ( ربيع الأول ) is the third month in the Islamic calendar. ... Rabi’ al-thani ( ربيع الآخر أو ربيع الثاني ) is the fourth month in the Islamic Calender. ... Jumada al-awwal ( جمادى الأول )is the fifth month in the Islamic calendar. ... Jumada al-thani ( جمادى الآخر أو جمادى الثاني ) is the sixth month in the Islamic Calendar. ... Rajab (Arabic: ) is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar. ... Shaaban (Arabic: شعبان ) is the eighth month of the Islamic calendar. ... Shawwal is the tenth month on the Islamic calendar. ... Dhu al-Qidah ( ذو القعدة ) is the eleventh month in the Islamic calendar. ... Dhu al-Hijja ( ذو الحجة ) is the twelfth and final month in the Islamic Calendar. ... Arabic redirects here. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwÄ«m al-hijrÄ«; Persian: تقویم هجري قمری ‎ taqwÄ«m-e hejri-ye qamari; also called the Hijri calendar) is the calendar used to date events in many predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate...

The word Ramadan is derived from the word ramd "to burn". Fasting in the month of Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam. The month is spent fasting during the daylight hours from dawn to dusk. The name came from the time before the Islamic calendar, when the month of Ramadan fell in the summer. Fasting during this month is often thought to figuratively burn away all sins. Muslims believe that the Qur'an was sent down to the earth during this month. Furthermore, Muhammad told his followers that the gates of Heaven would be open all the month and the gates of Hell would be closed. The first day of the next month is spent in celebrations and is observed as the ‘Festival of Breaking Fast’ or `Eid ul-Fitr. The Five Pillars of Islam (Arabic: أركان الإسلام) is the term given to the five duties incumbent on every Muslim. ... Sawm (Arabic: صوم) is an Arabic word for fasting regulated by Islamic jurisprudence. ... The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: , literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ... Muhammad in a new genre of Islamic calligraphy started in the 17th century by Hafiz Osman. ... The Islamic holiday of Eid ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر) marks the end of Ramadan. ...

Timing

The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar, and months begin when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. Since the Islamic lunar calendar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year, Ramadan migrates throughout the seasons. The Islamic day starts after sunset. The actual and estimated start and end dates for Ramadan in 2005-2010 were and are as follows: The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجري قمری ‎ taqwīm-e hejri-ye qamari; also called the Hijri calendar) is the calendar used to date events in many predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate... A lunar calendar is a calendar in many cultures that is oriented at the moon phase. ... The lunar phase depends on the Moons position in orbit around Earth. ... Solar year The period of time required for the earth to make one complete revolution around the sun, measured from one vernal equinox to the next. ...

Most Muslims insist on the local physical sighting of the moon to mark the beginning of Ramadan, but some insist on using the calculated time of the new moon or the Saudi Arabian declaration to determine the start of the month. Since the new moon is not in the same state at the same time globally, the beginning and ending dates of Ramadan depend on what lunar sightings are received in each respective location. As a result, Ramadan dates vary in different countries, but usually only by a day or two. is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 285th day of the year (286th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 236th day of the year (237th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... The lunar phase depends on the Moons position in orbit around Earth. ...

Each year, Ramadan begins about eleven days earlier than in the previous year.^[4] For astronomical projections of the approximate start of Ramadan, go to http://moonsighting.com/ and click on the "Ramadan" tab.

At the end of Ramadan, Eid ul-Fitr is celebrated by Muslims. Eid ul-Fitr or Id-Ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر ‘Īdu l-Fiṭr), often abbreviated as simply Eid, is a Muslim holiday that marks the end of Ramadan, the month of fasting. ...

Events

• Ramadan is observed by Muslims during the entire lunar month by the same name. The month of religious observances consists of fasting and extra prayers.
  • On 02 Ramadan, the Torah was bestowed on Moses. (As claimed by Shi'a Islam)
  • On 10 Ramadan, Khadija, wife of Muhammad, died.
  • On 12 Ramadan, the Bible was bestowed on Jesus. (As claimed by Shi'a Islam)
  • On 15 Ramadan, Hassan ibn Ali son of Imam Ali was born.
  • On 17 Ramadan, the Battle of Badr was won by the Muslims.
  • On 18 Ramadan, the Psalms were bestowed on David. (As claimed by Shi'a Islam)
  • On 19 Ramadan, Imam Ali was injured by a sword.
  • On 21 Ramadan, Imam Ali was killed.
  • On 23 Ramadan, the Qur'an was bestowed on Muhammad. (In accordance with Shi'a Islam; according to Sunni Islam the date is unknown, but is in the last ten days of Ramadan)
  • Laylat al-Qadr (The Night of Destiny) is observed during one of the last five odd numbered days of the month. Muslims believe that this night is better than a thousand months. This is often interpreted as praying throughout this night is rewarded equally with praying for a thousand months. Many Muslims spend the entire night in prayer. According to Shi'a Islam this night is the 19th or 21st, or 23rd of this month, but according to the Sunni Sect this night is 21, 23, 25, 27 or 29.However,it is said the date would be kept "top secret" by Allah (God).
• In Iran, Al-Quds Day is held on the last Friday of Ramadan (since the Iranian Revolution).
• In the Ottoman Empire, the sultan presented trays of baklava to the Janissaries in a ceremonial procession called the Baklava Alayı.

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Sawm of Ramadan. ... A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. ... The Torah () is the most important document in Judaism, revered as the inspired word of G-d (the vocal is never spelled), traditionally said to have been revealed to Moses. ... Moses with the Tablets, 1659, by Rembrandt This article is about the Biblical figure. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ... Khadija (Arabic: &#1582;&#1583;&#1610;&#1580;&#1607; ) was the first wife of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Muhammad in a new genre of Islamic calligraphy started in the 17th century by Hafiz Osman. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ... For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ... Combatants Muslims of Medina Quraish of Mecca Commanders Muhammad, Hamza, Ali Amr ibn Hishām Strength 300-350 <900-1000 Casualties 14 killed 50-70 killed 43-70 captured The Battle of Badr (Arabic: ), fought March 17, 624 CE (17 Ramadan 2 AH in the Islamic calendar) in the Hejaz... Psalms (from the Greek: Psalmoi) (originally meaning songs sung to a harp, from psallein play on a stringed instrument, Ψαλμοί; Hebrew: Tehilim, תהילים, or praises) is a book of the Hebrew Bible, Tanakh or Old Testament. ... This article is about the Biblical king of Israel. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ... For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ... The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: , literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ... Muhammad in a new genre of Islamic calligraphy started in the 17th century by Hafiz Osman. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ... Sunni Muslims are the largest denomination of Islam. ... Laylat al-Qadr (Arabic: لیلة القدر) (also known as Shab-e-Qadr), literally the Night of Decree or Night of Measures, is the anniversary of two [] very important dates in Islam that occurred in the month of Ramadan. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic &#1587;&#1606;&#1617;&#1577;) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Israeli flags burn during Al-Quds Day in Tehran, 2005 The al-Quds Day, the last Friday in the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, was instituted by Ayatollah Khomeini following the Iranian revolution in 1979. ... After Islamic Conquest  Modern SSR = Soviet Socialist Republic Afghanistan  Azerbaijan  Bahrain  Iran  Iraq  Tajikistan  Uzbekistan  This box:      The Iranian Revolution (also known as the Islamic Revolution,[1][2][3][4][5][6] Persian: انقلاب اسلامی, Enghelābe Eslāmi) was the revolution that transformed Iran from a monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza... Ottoman redirects here. ... Baklava is prepared on large trays and cut into a variety of shapes Baklava or Baklawa is a rich, sweet pastry featured in many cuisines of the Middle East and the Balkans (i. ... The Janissaries (derives from Ottoman Turkish: يكيچرى (yeniçeri) meaning new soldier) comprised infantry units that formed the Ottoman sultans household troops and bodyguard. ...

References

External Links

• A Ramadan Timetable UK - Official Website. Get the latest Ramadan Timetable, Sheri, Iftar and prayers times as well as information on Ramadan.
• Islamic-Western Calendar Converter (Based on the Arithmetical or Tabular Calendar)
• Determining the beginning of Ramadan
• Predicting the First Visibility of the Lunar Crescent
• Islamic ramadan calendar 2007, 2008, 2009