Ramlah binte Abi-Sufyan, رملة بنت أبي سفيان, aka Umm Habiba, أم حبيبة, was the daughter of Abu Sufyan. She was born c. 595 and died in 662 or 666. She was the wife of Muhammad, the final prophet in Islam and therefore a Mother of the Believers. Abu Sufyan ibn Harb was the leader of the Banu Abd Shams clan of the Quraish tribe, and was the chieftain of the entire Quraish tribe, making him one of, if not the most powerful men in Mecca during the lifetime of Muhammad. ... Events The first mention of the state of Karantania on monuments. ... Events The regent Grimuald usurps the kingship of the Lombards, driving Perctarit into exile and killing Godepert Births Kakinomoto no Hitomaro, Japanese poet (approximate date) Deaths Maximus the Confessor, Byzantine theologian Godepert, king of the Lombards Categories: 662 ... Chertsey Abbey is founded. ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ... In religion, a prophet (or prophetess) is a person who has directly encountered the divine and serves as an intermediary with humanity. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... Mother of the Believers (Arabic: Umm-al-Momineen) is a Islamic term that is given as a honorific to the Islamic prophet Muhammads wives. ...

Early life

She was the daghter of Saffya binte abi al-A'as^{[citation needed]} and Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, the leader of Quraish and the most powerful enemy of Muhammad for most of his life. The First Ummayad ruler, Muawiyah I was her brother. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Saffya binte abi al-Aas was daughter of Wail ibn Umayyah. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Quraish (Arabic: ‎ translit: ) is the Meccan tribe that the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to before he received the revelations of Islam. ... The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic الأمويون / بنو أمية umawiyy; in Turkish, Emevi) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the... Mu‘āwÄ«yah ibn AbÄ« Sufyān (Arabic: ‎)‎ (602 - 680) was the founder of the Umayyad dynasty of caliphs. ...

She was also the aunt of Uthman; they were first cousins on mother's side and second cousins by her father's side^{[citation needed]}. For other uses of the name, see Uthman (name). ...

It is not uncomon to see sources claim she is the daughter of Hind binte Utbah and Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. It is not clear what this is the source of this^{[citation needed]}. Wife of Abu Abu Sufiyan ibn Harb Hind binte Utbah, and the women with her, mutilated the dead companions of the Prophet. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Marriage with Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh

Her first husband, Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh ^[1] was among the first people to accept Islam. Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh was the brother of Zaynab bint Jahsh, whom Muhammad married at some point. He was Zaynab bint Jahsh brother and married to Ramlah ibn Abu Sufyan aka Umm Habiba Ramla. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ...

In order to avoid hostilities from Quraish, both emigrated to Abyssinia (Ethiopia), where she gave birth to her daughter, Habibah bint Ubayd-Allah^[1]. Quraish (Arabic: ‎ translit: ) is the Meccan tribe that the Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to before he received the revelations of Islam. ... In 615 CE a number of Sahaba migrated to Ethiopia, seeking refuge from persecution. ... Habibah binte Ubayd-Allah is the daughter of Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh and Ramlah binte Abi-Sufyan. ...

Her husband, later, converted Christianity^[1]. He tried to persuade her to do the same, but she held on to Islam. His conversion led to their divorce. She decided to live alone after her husband turned back from Islam, and continued to live in Abyssinia with her daughter. Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh died sometime later^[1]. Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... He was Zaynab bint Jahsh brother and married to Ramlah ibn Abu Sufyan aka Umm Habiba Ramla. ...

Marriage to Muhammad

There are contradictory sources. One claim that when Muhammad came to know about what had happened to her, he got worried that she might turn back from her faith like her husband. He decided to propose to her through the Negus, who sent Abraha, one of his maids, with Muhammad's proposal. Ramlah gladly accepted the proposal, and gave her silver bangles and rings as a gift to Abraha^[1].

The marriage ceremony took place in Abyssinia even though Muhammad was not present. Khalid ibn Said was chosen by her as her legal guardian at the ceremony. The Negus read out the Khutba himself, and Khalid ibn Said made a speech in reply. On behalf of Muhammad, the Negus offered a dowry of four hundred Dinars to Khalid. A huge wedding feast was given on behalf of Muhammad after the ceremony. the Negus also sent musk and ambergris to the bride through Abraha ^[1]. Muhammad had given no other wife a dowry larger than this. Khālid ibn Sa`īd ibn al-As or Khalid ibn Sa`d ibn al-`As al-Amawi (Arabic: ) was a companion to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... Khutba (خطبة) is an Arabic term referring to the Islamic sermon delivered either before the Friday Salah (see: Jumuah) and after the Eid Salat. ... Khālid ibn Sa`īd ibn al-As or Khalid ibn Sa`d ibn al-`As al-Amawi (Arabic: ) was a companion to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... Musk is the name originally given to a perfume obtained originally from the strong-smelling substance secreted by a gland in the abdomen of the male musk deer, and hence applied to other animals, and also to plants, possessing a similar odor. ... Ambergris Ambergris (Ambra grisea, Ambre gris, ambergrease, or grey amber) is a solid, waxy, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish color, with the shades being variegated like marble. ...

Later, the Negus made arrangements to send Ramlah to Medina by boat. Shurahil ibn Hasana accompanied Ramlah in her journey ^[1]. She was able to return to Medina six years latter.

Life to Medina

According to some sources, she got married to the Muhammad one year after the Hijra, though she didn't live with him until six years later when Muhammad was sixty years old and she was thirty-five. Other sources claim her marriage took place in 7 A.H., at an age of 30 years ^[2]. The marriage afforded protection to her. For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ... For other uses see Hijra. ...

On one occasion, Abu Sufyan visited Umm Habiba in her house. He went to sit on a chair, but Umm Habiba hastily removed Muhammads blanket from that chair before Abu Sufyan could sit. Abu Sufyan criticized her for this, claiming that Islam had caused her to lose respect for her father. Umm Habiba replied that it was because she recognised the differing statuses of Muhammad and Abu Sufyan that she removed the blanket, implying that her father Abu Sufyan did not deserve to sit on the blanket of Muhammad.^[3] For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ...

Ramlah was deeply affected^{[citation needed]}, when her cousin, Caliph Uthman, was murdered by followers of Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr. For other uses of the name, see Uthman (name). ... Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Walid al-Tartushi (أبو بكر محمد بن الوليد الطرطوش) (born 451 AH, died 520 AH) Was born in Muslim Spain and travelled as far as Baghdad. ...

Muhammad was later killed during the Caliphate of Ali, to which Ramlah reacted as follows: For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ...

"when Mu'awiya's sister Umme Habeeba received news about Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr's murder, she sent Ayesha a cooked goat suggesting that the reason for his killing was his murder of Uthman. When this happened Ayesha said "May God kill this daughter of fornicating woman. By Allah! I shall never eat this meat again". ^[4]

She died in the year 662 or 666 (40 or 44 A.H)^[5], during the Caliphate of her brother, Muawiyah I and was buried in the Jannat al-Baqi cemetery next to other wives of Muhammad^[1]. Muawiyah I (602 - May 6, 680), early Muslim leader and founder of the great Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs. ... Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Walid al-Tartushi (أبو بكر محمد بن الوليد الطرطوش) (born 451 AH, died 520 AH) Was born in Muslim Spain and travelled as far as Baghdad. ... Ayesha can refer to: Ayesha Takia, a Bollywood actress. ... Cooking is the act of preparing food for consumption. ... For other uses of the term, see goat (disambiguation). ... By Allah (Arabic: Wallah) is Arabic expresion meaning [I promise] by God used to make a promise or express great credibility on a expresion. ... Events The regent Grimuald usurps the kingship of the Lombards, driving Perctarit into exile and killing Godepert Births Kakinomoto no Hitomaro, Japanese poet (approximate date) Deaths Maximus the Confessor, Byzantine theologian Godepert, king of the Lombards Categories: 662 ... Chertsey Abbey is founded. ... Mu‘āwīyah ibn Abī Sufyān (Arabic: ‎)‎ (602 - 680) was the founder of the Umayyad dynasty of caliphs. ... Jannat al-Baqi (جنة البقيع) (also spelt Jannat ul-Baqi) is a famous cemetery in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, located right across from the Masjid al-Nabawi. ...

Legacy

There are about sixty-five Hadith narrated by her in the Hadith literature. Muhammad al-Bukhari and Muslim b. al-Hajjaj agreed on two of them, and Muslim took two of them alone ^[1]. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For other uses, see Al-Bukhari (name) Popularly known as just Bukhari, Al-Bukhari or Imam Bukhari (810-870), he was a famous Sunni Islamic scholar of Persian ancestry [1], most known for authoring the Hadith collection named Sahih Bukhari, a collection whom Sunni regard as the most authentic (Arabic... Abul Husayn Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj Qushayri al-Nisaburi (Arabic: أبو الحسين مسلم بن الحجاج القشيري النيسابوري) (born 204 A.H. - 261 (or 268?) A.H/ 875), Muslim Author of the second most widely recognized collection of Hadith in Sunni Islam. ...

Sunni view

It is said that she was a courageous, virtuous, and charitable woman and that she was very attached to Muhammad.

Shi'a view

Shi'a respect her as a Mother of the Believers, but do not appreciate her gesture towards A'isha. Mother of the Believers (Arabic: Umm-al-Momineen) is a Islamic term that is given as a honorific to the Islamic prophet Muhammads wives. ... Aisha bint Abu Bakr, Ayşe, Ayesha, Aisha, or Aisha (Arabic: ‎ `āisha, she who lives) was a wife of Muhammad. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Islam online
2. ^ [1]
3. ^ John Glubb, The Life and Times of Muhammad, Lanham 1998, p. 304-310.
4. ^ Tadkhira Khawass page 62 Chapter "Dhikr Khwaarij"
5. ^ [2]

External links