Pierre Bourgault speaks as leader of the Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale.

The Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale (RIN) was a political organization dedicated to the promotion of Quebec national independence from Canada. Pierre Bourgault speaks as leader of the Rassemblement pour lIndépendance Nationale. ... Pierre Bourgault speaks as leader of the Rassemblement pour lIndépendance Nationale. ... This article describes the Canadian province. ... Independence is autonomous self-government of a country by its residents and indigenous population. ... Canada is a sovereign state in northern North America, the northern-most country in the world, and the second largest in total area. ...

History

It was founded on September 10, 1960 in the very beginnings of the effervecent times of the Quiet Revolution by some 30 people, including many of former Alliance Laurentienne members. (The Alliance Laurentienne was dissolved after the creation of the RIN.) The founding members included André D'Allemagne, Jacques Bellemare and Marcel Chaput. Another prominent member was Andrée Ferretti. D'Allemagne, having participated in the Alliance Laurentienne, has stated that he had found the Alliance's right-wing tendencies quite unpleasant. This was a factor leading to the creation of an officially neutral organisation. However, as the RIN attracted many new young members and it quickly became associated with left-wing ideas. September 10 is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years). ... 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jean Lesage, Daniel Johnson Sr. ... Marcel Chaput (October 14, 1918 - January 19, 1991) was one of the early leaders of the Quebec sovereignist movement. ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition...

In October of 1960, the first general assembly of the organization published its manifesto calling for the independence of Quebec. Pierre Bourgault, who had joined shortly after foundation, became its president in 1964. Following the wish of the members as expressed in a resolution in 1963, the RIN was turned into a political party. Bourgault and his impassioned, fiery speeches contributed largely to the popularity of the RIN, and is often wrongly believed to be the founder of the movement. 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Pierre Bourgault (January 23, 1934-June 15, 2003) was a Quebec politician and essayist and public speaker who advocated Quebec sovereignty. ... 1964 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In the 1966 Quebec general election, the RIN, along with the Ralliement National or RN, won about 8.8% of the popular vote and no seats. Bourgault lost the northern Duplessis riding by a very small margin, a great accomplishment for such a third party. Although it never gathered a high number of votes Quebec-wide, it played an important role in the birth of the modern "indépendantiste" movement in Quebec and was very active in public demonstrations. Famous protests of the RIN include a 1964 demonstration disapproving the coming of Queen Elizabeth II to Quebec and a 1968 protest about the presence of Pierre Trudeau on Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day that turned to riot. Their members and supporters wera also present in the Montreal crowd and their symbols visible when French President Charles de Gaulle shouted his famed "Vive le Québec Libre" (Long live free Quebec). In the Quebec general election on June 5, 1966, the Union Nationale under Daniel Johnson, Sr. ... The Ralliement national was political party that advocated the political independence of Quebec from Canada in the 1960s. ... Duplessis was a historical television series in Quebec that aired in 1978. ... This page refers to a Riding as a unit in local government. ... In a two-party system a third party is a party other than the two dominant ones. ... Quebec The Quebec sovereignty movement is a movement calling for the attainment of sovereignty for Quebec, a province of the country of Canada. ... 1964 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Elizabeth II in an official portrait as Queen of Canada (on the occasion of her Golden Jubilee in 2002, wearing the Sovereigns badges of the Order of Canada and the Order of Military Merit) Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary) (born 21 April 1926), styled HM The... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Name Pierre Elliott Trudeau Number Fifteenth First term April 20, 1968–June 4,1979 Second term March 3, 1980–June 30, 1984 Predecessor Lester Bowles Pearson Successors Joe Clark John Napier Turner Date of birth October 18, 1919 Place of birth Montreal, Quebec Date of death September 28, 2000 Spouse... The Fête nationale du Québec (Quebec National Holiday) is the official day of Quebec, a province of Canada. ... This article needs cleanup. ... The President of France, known officially as the President of the Republic (Président de la République in French), is Frances elected Head of State. ... Portrait of General Charles de Gaulle. ... Charles De Gaulle delivering the famous speech upon the Montreal city hall balcony. ...

In 1968, the charismatic liberal member and minister René Lévesque left the Liberal Party when its members voted to not debate his idea of two independent but associated states (Quebec and Canada). Shortly after came the foundation of the Mouvement Souveraineté-Association with Lévesque as leader. The RIN (as did the RN) quickly engaged in talks over a possible merger with the MSA. Bourgault and D'Allemagne strongly believed that forces of independence had to unite to challenge the "old parties" (Liberals and Union Nationale). André Ferretti notoriously opposed the idea of abandonning civil actions to jump into the provincial political arena. There were disagreements between the two organizations and it was in no small part because of the clash of Bourgault and Lévesque. Lévesque had come to distrust the RIN because of its perceived rowdy behaviour. Thus began a conflict between the two men that would last forever. Opposition was also found in the RIN itself for some militants were heart-broken from the prospect of the "end" of the party but, ultimately, the desire of a strong independentist force nonetheless won the hearts of the members. The MSA came to an agreement with the RN but not the RIN. Ultimately, the RIN voted to dissolve itself and invited its members to join the newly created Parti Québécois. 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... René Lévesque. ... The Mouvement Souveraineté-Association (MSA, or Movement for Sovereignty-Association) was formed on November 19, 1967 by René Lévesque to promote the concept of sovereignty-association between Quebec and the rest of Canada. ... The Parti libéral du Québec (Liberal Party of Quebec), or PLQ, is a liberal political party in the Canadian province of Quebec. ... Union Nationale logo. ... The Parti Québécois or PQ is a left wing political party that advocates national sovereignty for Quebec from Canada. ...

Election results

See also

• Politics of Quebec
• List of Quebec general elections
• List of Quebec premiers
• List of Quebec leaders of the Opposition
• National Assembly of Quebec
• Timeline of Quebec history
• Political parties in Quebec
• Quebec Sovereignism
• Secessionist movements of Canada

This is an article about the politics of the Province of Quebec, Canada. ... This is a list of Quebec general elections since Confederation in 1867, when Quebec became a province of the Dominion of Canada. ... This is a list of the premiers of Quebec, Canada since Confederation (1867). ... This is a list of the leaders of the Opposition of Quebec, Canada since Confederation (1867). ... The Quebec Parliament Building at night The National Assembly is the legislative body of the Canadian province of Quebec. ... This article presents a detailed timeline of Quebec history both as part of the British Empire and the Dominion of Canada. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Quebec The Quebec sovereignty movement is a movement calling for the attainment of sovereignty for Quebec, a province of the country of Canada. ... Secessionist movements of Canada Movements seeking independence from Canada Quebec Quebec Sovereignism seeks independence from Canada for the province of Quebec. ...

External links

• National Assembly historical information (http://www.assnat.qc.ca/fra/patrimoine/)
• Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale (http://membres.lycos.fr/independance/organisations/rin/) (French)
• Unofficial English translation of the 1960 Manifesto of the RIN (http://english.republiquelibre.org/manifesto-rin.html)
• La Politique québécoise sur le Web (http://www.quebecpolitique.com/)