About 85 species known. Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae land plants (embryophytes) non-vascular embryophytes Hepatophyta - liverworts Anthocerophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses vascular plants (tracheophytes) seedless vascular plants Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongue ferns seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ... Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ... Families Gentianaceae (gentian family) Apocynaceae (dogbane family) Gelsemiaceae Loganiaceae (logania family) Rubiaceae (coffee family) The Gentianales are an order of flowering plants, included within the asterid group of dicotyledons. ... Genera See Taxonomy and Genera. ...
Rauwolfia (also spelled Rauvolfia) is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs in the Apocynaceae family. The approximately 85 species in the genus can mainly be found in tropical regions. Genera See Taxonomy and Genera. ...
Species
Rauvolfia cafra is the (South-African) quinine tree. Rauvolfia serpentina or Indian Snakeroot yields the alkaloids reserpine and rescinnamine. Molecular structure of quinine Tonic Water containing quinine. ... Reserpine is an indole alkaloid antipsychotic and antihypertensive drug known to irreversibly bind to storage vesicles of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. ...
Rauwolfia serpentina is an evergreen, perennial, glabrous and erect under shrub that can grow up to a height of 60cm.
Rauwolfia serpentina is native to the Indian subcontinent: India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Burma and Thailand.
Rauwolfia was used over many centuries by the native people of the Indian subcontinent as an antidote to poisonous bites of snakes in particular, as well as a febrifuge to treat fevers, and dysentery.
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