Comune di Ravenna
Municipal coat of arms
Country	Italy
Region	Emilia-Romagna
Province	Ravenna (RA)
Mayor	Fabrizio Matteucci
Elevation	4 m
Area	652.89 km²
Population
- Total (as of December 31, 2005)	149,084
- Density	228.34/km²
Time zone	CET, UTC+1
Coordinates	44°25′N, 12°12′E
Gentilic	Ravennati
Dialing code	0544
Postal code	48100
Frazioni	Classe, Lido di Dante, Lido Adriano, Punta Marina, Marina di Ravenna, Marina Romea, Casalborsetti, Mandriole, San Romualdo, Camerlona, Piangipane, Fornace Zarattini, Villanova di Ravenna, San Michele, San Marco, Ghibullo, San Zaccaria, Fosso Ghiaia, Porto Fuori
Patron	St. Apollinaris
- Day	July 23
Website: www.comune.ravenna.it

Province of Ravenna

Ravenna is a city and comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. The city is inland, but is connected to the Adriatic Sea by a canal. Ravenna once served as the seat of the Western Roman Empire and later the Ostrogothic kingdom. It is presently the capital of the province of Ravenna. At 652.89 km² (252.08 sq mi), Ravenna is the second-largest comune in land area in Italy, although it is only a little more than half the size of the largest, Rome. Image File history File links Ravenna-Stemma. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... The Regions of Italy were granted a degree of regional autonomy in the 1948 constitution, which states that the constitutions role is: to recognize, protect and promote local autonomy, to ensure that services at the State level are as decentralized as possible, and to adapt the principles and laws... Emilia-Romagna is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ... In Italy, a province (in Italian: provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between municipality (comune) and region (regione). ... Ravenna (It. ... is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of the time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Central European Time West Africa Time British Summer Time* Irish Summer Time* Western European Summer Time* Category: ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ... Here are a list of area codes in Italy. ... A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a comune; for other subdivisions, see municipio, circoscrizione, quartiere. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Ravenna (It. ... Look up city, City in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Emilia-Romagna is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ... A satellite image of the Adriatic Sea. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus The Western Roman Empire in 395. ... This article deals with the continental Ostrogoths. ... Ravenna (It. ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5...

History

Early history

The origins of Ravenna are uncertain. The first settlement is variously attributed to the Tyrrhenians, the Thessalians or the Umbrians. Ravenna consisted of houses built on piles on a series of small islands in a marshy lagoon - a situation similar to Venice several centuries later. The Romans ignored it during their conquest of the Po River Delta, but later accepted it into the Roman Republic as a federated town in 89 BC. In 49 BC, it was the location where Julius Caesar gathered his forces before crossing the Rubicon. Later, after his battle against Mark Antony in 45 BC, Emperor Augustus founded the military harbor of Classe.^[1] This harbor, protected at first by its own walls, was an important station of the Roman imperial fleet. Nowadays the city is landlocked, but Ravenna remained an important seaport on the Adriatic until the early Middle Ages. During the German campaigns, Thusnelda, widow of Arminius, and Marbod, King of the Marcomanni, were confined at Ravenna. The Etruscan civilization existed in Etruria and the Po valley in the northern part of what is now Italy, prior to the formation of the Roman Republic. ... Thessaly (Θεσσαλια; modern Greek Thessalía) is one of the 13 peripheries of Greece, and is further sub-divided into 4 prefectures. ... Umbrian, an Indo-European language of the Italic family, is a dead language formerly spoken in Umbria, Italy. ... For other uses, see Venice (disambiguation). ... The Po (Latin: Padus, Italian: Po) is a river that flows 652 kilometers (405 miles) eastward across northern Italy, from Monviso (in the Cottian Alps) to the Adriatic Sea near Venice. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus Roman provinces on the eve of the assassination of Julius Caesar, c. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC - 80s BC - 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC Years: 94 BC 93 BC 92 BC 91 BC 90 BC - 89 BC - 88 BC 87 BC 86... Consuls: Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus, Gaius Claudius Marcellus Maior. ... For other uses, see Julius Caesar (disambiguation). ... Presumed course of the Rubicon For other uses, see Rubicon (disambiguation). ... Bust of Mark Antony Marcus Antonius (Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N[1]) ( January 14 83 BC – August 1, 30 BC), known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC - 40s BC - 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC 0s Years: 50 BC 49 BC 48 BC 47 BC 46 BC 45 BC 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC... For other uses, see Augustus (disambiguation). ... Roman trireme, a warship, 31 BC. Note the bank of oars (two on the hidden side), the square-rigged sails, the steering oars, the tower on deck, the ram at the prow, the ballistae and the Greek fire. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Port. ... The Adriatic Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea separating the Apennine peninsula (Italy) from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Thusnelda (* about 10 B.C.; † 17 A.D. in Rome?) was the daughter of the Cherusci prince Segestes. ... The Hermannsdenkmal Arminius (also Armin, 18 BC/17 BC - 21 AD) was a chieftain of the Cherusci who defeated a Roman army in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. ... Marbod or Maroboduus (died in A.D. 37), was king of the Marcomanni. ... The Marcomanni were a Germanic tribe, probably related to the Suebi or Suevi. ...

Ravenna greatly prospered under Roman rule. Emperor Trajan built a 70 km long aqueduct at the beginning of the 2nd century. In 402, Emperor Honorius transferred the capital of the Western Roman Empire from Milan to Ravenna. The transfer was made primarily for defensive purposes: Ravenna was surrounded by swamps and marshes and had ease of access to Imperial forces of the Eastern Roman Empire. However, in 409, King Alaric I of the Visigoths simply bypassed Ravenna, and went on to sack Rome and to take Galla Placidia, daughter of Emperor Theodosius I, hostage. After many vicissitudes, Galla Placidia returned to Ravenna with her son, Emperor Valentinian III and the support of her nephew Theodosius II. Ravenna enjoyed a period of unprecedented peace, during which time the Christian religion flourished, and the city gained its most famous monuments, both secular (demolished) and Christian (largely preserved). This article is about the Roman Emperor. ... ‹ The template below (Unit of length) is being considered for deletion. ... Pont du Gard, France, a Roman era aqueduct circa 19 BC. It is one of Frances top tourist attractions at over 1. ... The 2nd century is the period from 101 - 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... Events Stilicho recalls troops from the frontiers of the Roman Empire to defend Italy against the Visigoths. ... Bronze coin bearing the profile of Honorius Flavius Augustus Honorius (September 9, 384–August 15, 423) was Emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 395 until his death. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus The Western Roman Empire in 395. ... For other uses, see Milan (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Byzantine Empire. ... For the cleaning product 409®, see butoxyethanol. ... An 1894 photogravure of Alaric I taken from a painting by Ludwig Thiersch. ... Migrations The Visigoths (Western Goths) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe (the Ostrogoths being the other). ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5... Portrait of Galla Placidia, from her mausoleum in Ravenna. ... An engraving depicting what Theodosius may have looked like, ca. ... Solidus minted in Thessalonica to celebrate the marriage of Valentinian III to Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius II. On the reverse, the three of them in wedding dresses. ... Theodosius II Flavius Theodosius II (April, 401 - July 28, 450 ). The eldest son of Eudoxia and Arcadius who at the age of 7 became the Roman Emperor of the East. ...

In 476, the Western Roman Empire fell. Eastern Emperor Zeno sent Ostrogoth King Theodoric the Great to re-take the Italian peninsula. After the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a siege of three years by Theodoric, until the taking of Rimini deprived Ravenna of supplies. After Theodoric slew Odoacer, Ravenna was the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom of Italy. Flavius Zeno (c. ... Map of Ostrogothic Kingdom The Ostrogoths (Greuthung, Gleaming Goths or Eastern Goths), along with the Visigoths (Noble Goths or Western Goths) were branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe that played a major role in the political events of the late Roman Empire. ... Theodoric the Great (454 - August 30, 526), known to the Romans as Flavius Theodoricus, was king of the Ostrogoths (488-526), ruler of Italy (493-526), and regent of the Visigoths (511-526). ... The Battle of Verona was fought in June of 403 by Alarics Visigoths, and a Roman force led by Stilicho. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Rimini is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy and capital city of the Province of Rimini. ... This article deals with the continental Ostrogoths. ...

Contemporary mosaic of the Palace of Theodoric.

After 493, Theodoric employed Roman architects for secular and religious structures, including the lost palace near Sant'Apollinare Nuovo; the "Palazzo di Teodorico" was an outbuilding. Theodoric and his followers were Arians, but co-existed peacefully with the Latins. Theodoric died in 526 and was succeeded by his daughter Amalasunta, who was killed in 535. Image File history File links Ravenna - S. Apollinare Nuovo - 6th century. ... Image File history File links Ravenna - S. Apollinare Nuovo - 6th century. ... Events February 25 - Odoacer agrees to a mediated peace with Theodoric the Great, and is later killed by him personally. ... This article is about the theological doctrine of Arius. ... Amalasuntha (also known as Amalasuentha or Amalaswintha) (d. ...

Piazza del Popolo in Ravenna.

However, Byzantine Emperor Justinian I was fanatically orthodox, and opposed both Ostrogoth rule and the Arian variety of Christianity. In 535 he invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. Ravenna became the seat of Byzantine government in Italy (see also Gothic War). The Restauratio Imperii in Ravenna also benefited to the nearby harbour of Classe (classis), which is sometimes called the Pompei of Late antiquity. The most representative remnant of that period is the church St Apollinario (VI-VII century AD), whose relics were laid in the church. But even if Classe was founded during the Roman period, it's grown maily during the Late Empire. As Ravenna's port, it was one of the key exchange platforms in the VI-VII th century AD, and the main harbour of the Italian Adriatic seashore. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (960x1280, 390 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ravenna Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (960x1280, 390 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ravenna Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... This is a list of the Emperors of the late Eastern Roman Empire, called Byzantine by modern historians. ... (Latin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus, Greek: Ιουστινιανός;) commonly known as Justinian I, or (among Eastern Orthodox Christians) as Saint Justinian the Great; c. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... Events Beginning of the Western Wei Dynasty in China. ... Events Byzantine general Belisarius conquers Milan and the Ostrogoth capital Ravenna. ... The Gothic War, 535–552, was the expression of Justinians decision in 535 to reverse the course of events of the past century in the West and win back for the Eastern Roman Empire the provinces of Italy that had been lost, first to Odoacer and then to the...

Exarchate of Ravenna

Main article: Exarchate of Ravenna

Following the conquests of Belisarius for the Emperor Justinian I in the sixth century, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine governor of Italy, the Exarch, and was known as the Exarchate of Ravenna. It was at this time that the Ravenna Cosmography was written. The Exarchate of Ravenna was a center of Byzantine power in Italy, from the end of the 6th century to 751 A.D., when the last Exarch was put to death by the Emperors enemies in Italy, the Lombards. ... // Flavius Belisarius (505(?) – 565) was one of the greatest generals of the Byzantine Empire and one of the most acclaimed generals in history. ... (Latin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus, Greek: Ιουστινιανός;) commonly known as Justinian I, or (among Eastern Orthodox Christians) as Saint Justinian the Great; c. ... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... In the Byzantine Empire, an exarch was an essentially military viceroy who governed a part of the empire at some remove from the central (oriental) authorities, the Emperor and the Patriarch of Constantinople. ... The Exarchate of Ravenna was a center of Byzantine power in Italy, from the end of the 6th century to 751 A.D., when the last Exarch was put to death by the Emperors enemies in Italy, the Lombards. ... The Ravenna Cosmography was a 7th century map of the known world, named from the city of Ravenna in Italy where it was constructed. ...

Medieval and modern history

6th century mosaic in Ravenna portrays Jesus long-haired and bearded, dressed as a Greco-Roman priest and king.

The Lombards, under King Liutprand, occupied Ravenna in 712, but were forced to return it to the Byzantines. However, in 751 the Lombard king Aistulf succeeded in conquering Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 478 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1203 × 1507 pixel, file size: 338 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A 6th century mosaic of Jesus at Church San Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna, Italy. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 478 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1203 × 1507 pixel, file size: 338 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A 6th century mosaic of Jesus at Church San Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna, Italy. ... The 6th century is the period from 501 - 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... Mosaic is the art of decoration with small pieces of colored glass, stone or other material. ... The Lombards (Latin Langobardi, whence comes the alternative name Longobards found in older English texts), were a Germanic people originally from Northern Europe that entered the late Roman Empire. ... Liutprand was the king of the Lombards from 712 to 744 and is chiefly remembered for his Donation of Sutri, in 728, and his long reign which brought him into conflicts, mostly successful, with most of Italy at some time or other. ... Events Ansprand succeeds Aripert as king of the Lombards. ... Events Pippin the Short is elected as king of the Franks by the Frankish nobility, marking the end of the Merovingian and beginning of the Carolingian dynasty. ... Aistulf, also called Aistulf of Friuli, (d. ...

King Pepin of France attacked the Lombards under orders of Pope Stephen II. Ravenna then became territory of the Papal States in 784. In return, Pope Adrian I authorized King Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked. Charlemagne made three looting expeditions to Ravenna, removing a vast quantity of Roman columns, mosaics, statues and other portable items to enrich his capital of Aachen. Pippin the Younger Pippin the Younger or Pepin[1] (714 – September 24, 768), often known under the mistranslation Pippin the Short or the ordinal Pippin III, was the king of the Franks from 751 to 768 and is best known for being the father of Charlemagne, or Charles the Great. ... Stephen, elected pope in March of 752 to succeed Pope Zacharias, died of apoplexy three days later, before being consecrated. ... Coat of arms Map of the Papal States; the reddish area was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy in 1860, the rest (grey) in 1870. ... Events August 31 - Paul IV abdicates as Patriarch of Constantinople December 25 - Tarasius elected Patriarch of Constantinople The Japanese capital moved away from Nara. ... Adrian, or Hadrian I, (died December 25, 795) was pope from 772 to 795. ... Charlemagne and Pippin the Hunchback. ... Oche redirects here; in darts the oche is the line from which players must throw. ...

Under Papal rule, the archbishop of Ravenna enjoyed autocephaly from the Roman Church - a privilege obtained under Byzantine rule. Due to donations by the Ottonian emperors, the archbishop of Ravenna was the richest in Italy after the Papacy, and was thus successfully able to challenge the temporal authority of the Pope on occasion. In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, especially Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, autocephaly is the status of a hierarchical church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop. ... Ottonian dynasty is a name sometimes given to a ruling dynasty of German kings, sometimes regarded as the first dynasty of the Holy Roman Empire, (though Charlemagne is commonly viewed as the original founder. ...

In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor, and the Pope was able to subdue it. After the war of 1218 the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, which lasted until 1240. After a short period under an Imperial vicar, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until, in 1275, the Da Polenta established their long-lasting seigniory. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled poet Dante. The last of the Da Polenta, Ostasio III, was ousted by the Republic of Venice in 1440, and the city was annexed to the Venetian territories. Events End of the reign of Emperor Go-Toba of Japan Emperor Tsuchimikado ascends to the throne of Japan January 8 - Pope Innocent III ascends Papal Throne Frederick II, infant son of German King Henry VI, crowned King of Sicily Births August 24 - Alexander II of Scotland (d. ... Emilia-Romagna is an administrative region of Northern Italy comprising the two historic regions of Emilia and Romagna. ... // April 22 - The first of the Statutes of Westminster are passed by the English parliament, establishing a series of laws in its 51 clauses, including equal treatment of rich and poor, free and fair elections, and definition of bailable and non-bailable offenses. ... Da Polenta is the name of a castle in Romagna, and of an old noble Italian family. ... DANTE is also a digital audio network. ... Ostasio III da Polenta (died 1447) was the last lord of Ravenna of the da Polenta family. ... Borders of the Republic of Venice in 1796 Capital Venice Language(s) Venetian, Latin Religion Roman Catholic Government Republic Doge  - 1789–97 Ludovico Manin History  - Established 697  - Treaty of Zara June 27, 1358  - Treaty of Leoben April 17, 1797 * Traditionally, the establishment of the Republic is dated to 697. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ...

Ravenna was ruled by Venice until 1509, when the area was invaded in the course of the Italian Wars. In 1512, during the Holy League wars, Ravenna was sacked by the French. Combatants France, the Holy Roman Empire, the states of Italy (notably the Republic of Venice, the Duchy of Milan, the Kingdom of Naples, the Papal States, Florence, and the Duchy of Ferrara), England, Scotland, Spain, the Ottoman Empire, the Swiss, Saxony, and others The Italian Wars, often referred to as... The War of the League of Cambrai, sometimes known as the War of the Holy League and by several other names,[1] was a major conflict in the Italian Wars. ...

After the Venetian withdrawal, Ravenna was again ruled by legates of the Pope as part of the Papal States. The city was damaged in a tremendous flood in May 1636. Over the next 3 centuries, a network of canals diverted nearby rivers and drained nearby swamps, thus reducing the possibility of flooding and creating a large belt of agricultural land around the city. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Pope (from Latin... Coat of arms Map of the Papal States; the reddish area was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy in 1860, the rest (grey) in 1870. ...

Apart another short occupation by Venice (1527-1529), Ravenna was part of the Papal States until 1796, when it was annexed to the French puppet state of the Cisalpine Republic (Italian Republic from 1802 and Kingdom of Italy from 1805). it was returned to the Pope in 1814. occupied by Piedmontese troops in 1859, Ravenna and the surrounding Romagna area became part of the new unified Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The flag of the Cisalpine Republic was the Transpadane Republic vertical Italian tricolour, with the square shape of the Cispadane Republic The Cisalpine Republic (Italian: Repubblica Cisalpina) was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802. ... The flag of the Kingdom of Italy was a rectangular version of the flag of the Italian Republic, with Napoleons emblem on the green field. ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Emilia-Romagna is an administrative region of Northern Italy comprising the two historic regions of Emilia and Romagna. ... Italian unification, also known as Risorgimento (resurrection), was a historical process by which the Kingdom of Sardinia (ruled by the Savoy dynasty with Turin as its capital) gradually conquered the Italian peninsula, including the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, the Duchy of Modena, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Duchy... Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

Main sights

The Mausoleum of Theodoric.

The Arian Baptistry.

Dante's Tomb, a neoclassical structure by Camillo Morigia, 1780.

Eight early Christian monuments of Ravenna are inscribed on the World Heritage List. These are Image File history File linksMetadata RavennaMausoleum. ... Image File history File linksMetadata RavennaMausoleum. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 624 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ravenna Arian Baptistry Metadata This file... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 × 960 pixel, file size: 624 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ravenna Arian Baptistry Metadata This file... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2112 × 2816 pixel, file size: 1,011 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2112 × 2816 pixel, file size: 1,011 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

• Neonian Baptistery (c. 430)
• Mausoleum of Galla Placidia (c. 430)
• Arian Baptistry (c. 500)
• Archiepiscopal Chapel (c. 500)
• Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo (c. 500)
• Mausoleum of Theodoric (520)
• Basilica of San Vitale (548)
• Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe (549)

Other tourist attractions include: Outside of Neon Baptistry, Ravenna. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The Arian Baptistry in Ravenna, Italy was erected by Ostrogothic King [Theodoric] the Great between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the sixth century. ... Archiepiscopal Chapel is a chapel on the first floor of the bishops palace in Ravenna, Italy. ... SantApollinare Nuovo: The 38. ... Entrance to the Mausoleo di Teodorico. ... The Basilica of San Vitale The Basilica of San Vitale is the most famous monument of Ravenna, Italy and is one of the most important examples of Byzantine Art and architecture in western Europe. ... The Basilica of Sant Apollinare in Classe in Ravenna, Italy, was erected by order of Bishop Ursicino, using money from the Greek banker, Julian the Silversmith. ...

• the ancient church of the Spirito Santo, which has maintained the original lines from the 5th century. It was originally an Arian temple. The façade has a noteworthy 16th century portico with 5 arcades. The church of St. John the Evangelist is also from the 5th century, erected by Galla Placidia after a seastorm. It was restored after the World War II bombings.
• The St. Francis basilica, rebuilt in the 10th-11th centuries over a precedent edifice dedicated to the Apostles and later to St. Peter. Behind the humble brick façade, it has a nave and two aisles. Fragments of mosaics from the primitive church are visible on the floor, which is usually covered by water after heavy rains (together with the crypt). Here the funeral ceremony of Dante Alighieri was held in 1321. The poet is buried in a tomb annexed to the church, the local authorities having resisted for centuries all demands by Florence for return of the remains of its most famous exile.
• The Baroque church of Santa Maria Maggiore (525-532, rebuilt in 1671). It houses a picture by Luca Longhi. Also of Baroque style is the church of San Giovanni Battista 1683, with a Middle Ages belfry.
• The basilica of Santa Maria in Porto (16th century), with a rich façade from the 18th century. It has a nave and two aisles, with a high cupola. It houses the image of famous Greek Madonna, which was allegedly brought to Ravenna from Constantinople. The nearby Communal Gallery has various works from Romagnoli painters.
• The Rocca Brancaleone ("Brancaleone Castle"), built by the Venetians in 1457. Once part of the city walls, it is now a public park. It is divided into two parts: the true Castle and the Citadel, the latter having an extent of 14,000 m².
• The so-called Palace of Theoderic, in fact the entrance to the former church of San Salvatore. it includes mosaics from the true Palace of the Ostrogoth king.
• The church of Santa Eufemia (18th century), gives access to the so-called Stone Carpets Domus (6th-7th century): this houses splendid mosaics from a Byzantine palace.
• The National Museum.

The Arian Baptistry in Ravenna, Italy was erected by Ostrogothic King [Theodoric] the Great between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the sixth century. ... The church of San Giovanni Evangelista. ... Portrait of Galla Placidia, from her mausoleum in Ravenna. ... Dante in a fresco series of famous men by Andrea del Castagno, ca. ... Events Births September 29 - John of Artois, Count of Eu, French soldier (d. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens. ... Events May 9 - Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, attempts to steal the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London. ... Luca Longhi (1507-1580), was an Italian Mannerist painter from Ravenna, Italy who primarily produced religious paintings and portraits. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Borders of the Republic of Venice in 1796 Capital Venice Language(s) Venetian, Latin Religion Roman Catholic Government Republic Doge  - 1789–97 Ludovico Manin History  - Established 697  - Treaty of Zara June 27, 1358  - Treaty of Leoben April 17, 1797 * Traditionally, the establishment of the Republic is dated to 697. ... Events University of Freiburg founded. ...

Transportation

Ravenna has an important commercial and tourist port.

By road, it can be reached through from the highway hub of Bologna or, from Venice, with State Road 309 "Romea". From Rome the fastest connections is the E45 International Road; the other main connection to southern Italy is the State Street 16 "Adriatica". Bologna (IPA , from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Emiliano-Romagnolo dialect) is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy, in the Pianura Padana, between the Po River and the Apennines, exactly between the Reno River and the Sàvena River. ... For other uses, see Venice (disambiguation). ...

The railroad station has connections to Bologna, Venice, Verona and Rimini. Bologna (IPA , from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Emiliano-Romagnolo dialect) is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy, in the Pianura Padana, between the Po River and the Apennines, exactly between the Reno River and the Sàvena River. ... For other uses, see Venice (disambiguation). ... Verona is a city and provincial capital in Veneto, Northern Italy. ... Rimini is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy and capital city of the Province of Rimini. ...

The nearest airports are those of Forlì and Bologna. Forlì Airport (IATA: FRL, ICAO: LIPK) is an airport near Forlì, northern Italy. ... Bologna Airport (Italian: Aeroporto di Bologna) or Guglielmo Marconi Airport (IATA: BLQ, ICAO: LIPE) is an airport serving the city of Bologna in Italy. ...

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Ravenna

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

Ravenna in literature

During his travels, German poet Hermann Hesse came across Ravenna and wrote several beautiful poems capturing the soul of the city. They are entitled "Ravenna (1)" and "Ravenna (2)". Hermann Hesse (pronounced ) (2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a Swiss-German poet, novelist, and painter. ...

Oscar Wilde wrote a poem in 1878 entitled "Ravenna".

Russian Symbolist poet Alexander Blok wrote a poem entitled "Ravenna" (May-June 1909) inspired by his Italian journey (spring 1909). Blok in 1907 Alexander Blok (Александр Александрович Блок, November 28 [O.S. November 16] 1880 – August 7, 1921), was perhaps the most gifted lyrical poet produced by Russia after Alexander Pushkin. ...

Twin cities

• Chichester, United Kingdom
• Dubrovnik, Croatia, since 1969
• Speyer, Germany, since 1989

Find more information on Ravenna by searching Wikipedia's sister projects
	Dictionary definitions from Wiktionary
	Textbooks from Wikibooks
	Quotations from Wikiquote
	Source texts from Wikisource
	Images and media from Commons
	News stories from Wikinews
	Learning resources from Wikiversity

Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... For the larger local government district, see Chichester (district). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Croatia. ... Nickname: 1995 map of Dubrovnik The location of Dubrovnik within Croatia Coordinates: , Country Croatia County Dubrovnik-Neretva county Government  - Mayor Dubravka Å uica (HDZ) Area  - City 143. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Speyer (English formerly Spires) is a city in Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) with approx. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo. ... Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Image File history File links Wikiversity-logo-Snorky. ...

External links

• Ravenna travel guide from Wikitravel
• Tourism and culture Official website (Italian) (English)
• Ravenna, A Study (1913) by Edward Hutton, from Project Gutenberg
• Catholic Encyclopedia: Ravenna's early history and its monuments
• ItalianVisits.com
• Adrian Fletcher's Paradoxplace Ravenna Pages (photos)
• Ravenna Photo Gallery Pictures of the most important travel attractions in Ravenna

Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ... Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive, and distribute cultural works. ...

v • d • e Emilia-Romagna · Comuni of the Province of Ravenna
Alfonsine · Bagnacavallo · Bagnara di Romagna · Brisighella · Casola Valsenio · Castel Bolognese · Cervia · Conselice · Cotignola · Faenza · Fusignano · Lugo · Massa Lombarda · Ravenna · Riolo Terme · Russi · Sant'Agata sul Santerno · Solarolo

v • d • e World Heritage Sites in Italy
For official site names, see each article or the List of World Heritage Sites in Italy.
Aeolian Islands · Aquileia · Agrigento · Pompeii, Herculaneum, Torre Annunziata · Botanical Garden, Padua · Caserta Palace, Aqueduct of Vanvitelli, San Leucio Complex · Castel del Monte · Cilento and Vallo di Diano, Paestum, Velia, Certosa di Padula · Amalfi Coast · Crespi d'Adda · Ravenna · Cerveteri, Tarquinia · Ferrara · Florence · Assisi · Matera · Cathedral, Torre Civica, Piazza Grande, Modena · Naples · Genoa · Piazza del Duomo, Pisa · Pienza · Portovenere, Cinque Terre (Monterosso al Mare, Vernazza, Corniglia, Manarola, Riomaggiore), Palmaria, Tino, Tinetto · Residences of the Royal House of Savoy · Valcamonica · Rome1 · Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy · San Gimignano · Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan · Val di Noto (Caltagirone, Militello in Val di Catania, Catania, Modica, Noto, Palazzolo Acreide, Ragusa, Scicli) · Siena · Barumini nuraghes · Syracuse, Necropolis of Pantalica · Alberobello · Urbino · Val d'Orcia · Venice · Verona · Vicenza, Palladian Villas of the Veneto · Hadrian's Villa · Villa d'Este · Villa Romana del Casale Emilia-Romagna is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. ... In Italy, the comune, (plural comuni) is the basic administrative unit of both provinces and regions, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality. ... Ravenna (It. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Provincia_di_Ravenna-Stemma. ... Alfonsine is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 km east of Bologna and about 15 km northwest of Ravenna. ... Bagnacavallo is a town in the province of Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Bagnara di Romagna is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km southeast of Bologna and about 30 km west of Ravenna. ... Brisighella is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 45 km southeast of Bologna and about 40 km southwest of Ravenna. ... Casola Valsenio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km southeast of Bologna and about 50 km southwest of Ravenna. ... Castel Bolognese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km southeast of Bologna and about 35 km southwest of Ravenna. ... Cervia is a town in Italy. ... Conselice is a Northern Italian town of about 10,000 people located in the Po River Valley and part of the Ravenna province. ... Country Italy Region Emilia-Romagna Province Province of Ravenna (RA) Mayor Elevation m Area 35. ... Faenza is an old Italian cathedral town, situated 50 km southeast of Bologna. ... Fusignano is a commune in the province of Ravenna in Emilia-Romagna in Italy. ... Lugo is a town and comune in the northern Italian region of Emilia Romagna, in the province of Ravenna. ... Massa Lombarda is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km east of Bologna and about 30 km west of Ravenna. ... Riolo Terme is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km southeast of Bologna and about 40 km southwest of Ravenna. ... Country Italy Region Emilia-Romagna Province Province of Ravenna (RA) Mayor Elevation m Area 46. ... SantAgata sul Santerno is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km east of Bologna and about 25 km west of Ravenna. ... Solarolo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ravenna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 40 km southeast of Bologna and about 30 km west of Ravenna. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... This is a list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Europe. ... The Aeolian Islands. ... Aquileia (Friulian Aquilee, Slovene Oglej) is an ancient Roman town of Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about 10 km from the sea, on the river Natiso (modern Natisone), the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times. ... San Lorenzo. ... For other uses, see Pompeii (disambiguation). ... Herculaneum (in modern Italian Ercolano) is an ancient Roman town, located in the territory of the current commune of Ercolano. ... Torre Annunziata, population 52,875 (1991), is a city in the province of Naples, region of Campania in Italy. ... The Botanical Garden of Padova (or Garden of the Simples) in a 16th century print; in the background, the Basilica of SantAntonio. ... The Palace of Caserta, in Italian Reggia di Caserta, is a former royal residence in Caserta, near Naples, constructed for the Borbone kings of Naples. ... San Leucio resort or San Leucio Complex In 1750 Charles VII of Naples selected this place for an unusual social and tecnological experiment, a different model of production based on technical innovation and alert to the needs of workers. ... Castel del Monte. ... Paestum is the classical Roman name of a major Graeco-Roman city in the Campania region of Italy. ... Velia is an ancient town of Lucania (present Basilicata), Italy, on the hill now crowned by the medieval castle of Castellainmare della Bruca, 440 ft. ... The Certosa di Padula, also known as Carthusian Monastery of Padula or Chartreuse of Padula or or , is a large famous Carthusian monastery in the Cilento National Park near Salerno in Southern Italy. ... The Amalfi Coast, or Costiera Amalfitana in Italian, is a stretch of coastline on the southern side of the Sorrentine Peninsula of Italy (Province of Salerno), extending from Positano in the west to Vietri sul Mare in the east. ... The Crespi factory Crespi dAdda is a worker village in Italy founded in the 19th century. ... Province of Ravenna Ravenna is a city and comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. ... A small town located approximately 60 miles N of Rome. ... Tarquinia, formerly Corneto and in Antiquity Tarquinii, is an ancient city in the province of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy. ... Ferrara is a city in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, capital city of the province of Ferrara. ... Florence (Italian: ) is the capital city of the region of Tuscany, Italy. ... This article is about the Italian town. ... A street corner in the ancient Sassi di Matera as it looks today. ... Modena Cathedral, the cathedral, or Duomo in Italian, of Modena, Italy, is one of the most important Romanesque buildings of Europe and a World Heritage Site. ... The Torre della Ghirlandina or Torre Civica is the bell tower of the Cathedral of Modena, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Modena (Mòdna in Modenese dialect) is a city and a province on the south side of the Po valley, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... For other uses see, Naples (disambiguation) and Napoli (disambiguation) Location of the city of Naples (red dot) within Italy. ... Genoa (Genova [] in Italian - Zena [] in Genoese) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ... The Campo dei Miracoli (Field of Miracles) is a wide, walled area at the heart of the city of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy, recognized as one of the main centers for medieval art in the world. ... Pienza, a town and commune in the province of Siena, in the Val dOrcia in Tuscany (central Italy), between the towns of Montepulciano and Montalcino, is the touchstone of Renaissance urbanism. ... Portovenere is a village in Liguria, Italy located 12km from La Spezia. ... The Cinque Terre are five coastal villages in the province of La Spezia in the Liguria region of Italy. ... Monterosso al Mare is a town and commune in the province of La Spezia, part of the region of Liguria (northern Italy). ... Vernazza Vernazza is one of the five towns in Italys picturesque Cinque Terre region, located in the La Spezia province in the northwest of the country. ... Corniglia differs from the other villages of the Cinque Terre as it does not directly look upon the sea but raises on the top of a promontory about 100 meters high, surrounded on three sides by vineyards and terraces and the fourth side descends steeply on the sea. ... View of Manarola. ... Riomaggiore Riomaggiore, situated in a small valley in the Liguria region of Italy, is the first of the Cinque Terre one meets coming from La Spezia. ... Tino The Italian island of Tino is situated in the Ligurian Sea, at the westernmost end of the Gulf of La Spezia. ... The Residences of the Royal House of Savoy is a group of structures in Turin and its province, in Piedmont (northern Italy). ... Val Camonica is a valley in the lower Alpine regions of Lombardy, Italy. ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5... Sacro Monte di Varallo. ... San Gimignano is a small walled medieval hilltop town in Tuscany, Italy, about a 35-minute drive northwest of Siena or southwest of Florence. ... Santa Maria delle Grazie is a Renaissance church in Milan built by Guiniforte Solari between 1466 and 1490 on a commission by Dominican monks. ... Val di Noto (English: Valley of Noto) is a geographical area of south east Sicily; it is dominated by the limestone Iblean plateau. ... Caltagirone is a town and comune in the province of Catania, on the island (and region) of Sicily, about 70 km SW of Catania. ... Country Italy Region Sicily Province Province of Catania (CT) Mayor Elevation 413 m Area 62. ... The Roman Odeon. ... Country Italy Region Sicily Province Ragusa (RG) Mayor Pietro Torchi Lucifora (since May 28, 2002 Elevation 296 m Area 290. ... For other uses, see Noto (disambiguation). ... Palazzolo Acreide, a town of Sicily, in the Province_of_Syracuse, 28 m. ... Ragusa Ragusa is a city in southern Italy. ... Scicli is a city in the Province of Ragusa in the south east of Sicily. ... Piazza del Campo Siena is a city in Tuscany, Italy. ... Su Nuraxi, Barumini, Sardinia Central tower of the Nuraghe at Saint Antine of Torralba Su Nurraxi. ... Syracuse (Italian Siracusa, Sicilian Sarausa, Greek , Latin Syracusae) is an Italian city on the eastern coast of Sicily and the capital of the province of Syracuse. ... The Necropolis of Pantalica is a large necropolis in Sicily with about 5000 tombs dating from the 13th to the 7th centuries BC. Pantalica is situated in the valleys of the rivers Anapo and Calcinara, between the towns of Ferla and Sortino in south-eastern Sicily. ... Alberobello is a small town in the province of Bari, in Puglia, Italy. ... Panorama of Urbino with the cathedral and the palazzo ducale Urbino is a city in the Marche in Italy, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site with a great cultural history during the Renaissance as the seat of Federico da Montefeltro. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... For other uses, see Venice (disambiguation). ... Verona is a city and provincial capital in Veneto, Northern Italy. ... Vicenza is a city in northern Italy, is the capital of the eponymous province in the Veneto region, at the northern base of the Monte Berico, straddling the Bacchiglione. ... Villa Capra La Rotonda in Vicenza The City centre of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto are a cluster of works by Andrea Palladio and his students which were inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1994 and expanded two years later. ... The villas recreation of Canopus, a resort near Alexandria, as seen from the temple of Serapis Theatrical masks of Tragedy and Comedy in refined mosaic, from the villa (Capitoline Museum, Rome) The Villa of the Emperor Hadrian at Tivoli, Italy, even in ruined condition is one of the most... Park of the Villa dEste, Carl Blechen, 1830 The gardens at the Villa dEste The Villa dEste is a masterpiece of Italian architecture and garden design. ... Villa Romana del Casale is located about 5km outside the town of Piazza Armerina. ...
1 Shared with the Holy See.

Coordinates: 44°25′N, 12°12′E Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...