William "Red" Garland (1923–1984) was an American jazz pianist whose complex block-chord style influenced many forthcoming pianists in the jazz idiom. Jump to: navigation, search 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search This page is about the year 1984. ... Jump to: navigation, search Jazz master Louis Armstrong remains one of the most loved and best known of all jazz musicians. ... A pianist is a person who plays the piano. ... Jump to: navigation, search Jazz master Louis Armstrong remains one of the most loved and best known of all jazz musicians. ...

Life and work

Beginnings

William M. Garland was born in Dallas, Texas on May 13, 1923. Though he came from a non-musical family, Garland showed an early interest in music. He began his musical studies on the clarinet and alto saxophone but in 1940 switched to the piano. Garland spent copious amounts of time practising and rapidly developed into a proficient player. Dallas redirects here. ... ... Jump to: navigation, search May 13 is the 133rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (134th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search A bass clarinet, which sounds an octave lower than the more common Bâ™­ soprano clarinet. ... Jump to: navigation, search Alto saxophone The alto saxophone is a variety of the saxophone, a family of woodwind instruments invented by Adolphe Sax. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the modern musical instrument. ...

Early Work

After the Second World War Garland performed with Roy Eldridge, Coleman Hawkins, Charlie Parker, and Lester Young. He found steady work in the cities of New York and Philadelphia. His creativity and playing ability continued to improve, though he was still somewhat obscure. Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Roy David Eldridge (January 30, 1911 – February 6, 1989) was a jazz trumpet player in the Swing era. ... Coleman Hawkins Coleman Randolph Hawkins, nicknamed Hawk and sometimes Bean, (November 21, 1901 or 1904 - May 19, 1969) was a prominent jazz tenor saxophone musician. ... Jump to: navigation, search Charlie Parker Charles Christopher Parker, Jr. ... Lester Willis Young, nicknamed Prez (August 27, 1909 – March 15, 1959) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. ... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: The Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York City Governor George Pataki (R) Senators Charles Schumer (D) Hillary Rodham Clinton (D) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 km² or 54,556 square miles (27th)  - Land... Philadelphia is a village located in Jefferson County, New York. ...

The Quintet

Garland became famous when he joined the now classic Miles Davis Quintet in 1955, featuring John Coltrane, Philly Joe Jones and Paul Chambers. Together the group recorded their famous Prestige albums, "Workin'," "Steamin'," "Cookin'," and "Relaxin'." Garland's so-called 'cocktail piano' style is prominent in these seminal recordings - evident in his distinctive chord voicings, his sophisticated accompaniment and his musical references to Ahmad Jamal's style. The quintet's recordings would arguably influence the Free jazz movement more than some of the more jazz avant-garde records of the time. Garland played on the first of Miles's many Columbia recordings, "Round About Midnight." Though he would continue playing with Miles, their relationship was beginning to deteriorate. By 1958, Garland and Jones had started to become more erratic in turning up for recordings and gigs. He was eventually fired by Miles, but later returned to play on another jazz classic, "Milestones." Jump to: navigation, search Davis 1959 album Kind of Blue, likely the best-selling jazz album ever. ... Jump to: navigation, search John Coltrane John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. ... Joseph Rudolph (Philly Joe) Jones (July 15, 1923 – August 30, 1985) was an American jazz drummer. ... Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers, Jr. ... Jump to: navigation, search Ahmad Jamal (born July 2, 1930) is a highly-regarded American Jazz pianist from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. His given name was Fritz Jones but upon converting to Islam around 1952 he began using the name Ahmad Jamal. ... Jump to: navigation, search Free jazz is a movement of jazz music characterized by diminished dependence on formal constraints. ...

Post-Quintet

In 1958 Garland formed his own trio. Among the musicians the trio recorded with are Pepper Adams, Nat Adderley (Cannonball's brother), Ray Barretto, Kenny Burrell, Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, Jimmy Heath, Harold Land, Philly Joe Jones, Blue Mitchell, Ira Sullivan, and Leroy Vinnegar. The trio also recorded as a quintet with John Coltrane and Donald Byrd. Pepper Adams (October 8, 1930 - September 10, 1986) was a jazz baritone saxophonist. ... Nathaniel Adderley (November 25, 1931 - January 2, 2000) was an American jazz cornetist who played in the hard bop and soul jazz genres. ... Julian Edwin Cannonball Adderley (September 15, 1928 - August 8, 1975), originally from Tampa, Florida was a jazz saxophonist of the small combo era of the 1950s and 1960s. ... Ray Barretto a. ... Jump to: navigation, search THE MAN Kenneth Earl Burrell (born 1931) is an American jazz guitarist. ... Edward Davis (March 2, 1922 - November 3, 1986), who performed and recorded as Eddie Lockjaw Davis, was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. ... James Edward Heath (born in 1926) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist, and the brother of bassist Percy Heath and drummer Tootie Heath. ... Harold de Vance Land (1928–2001) was an American hard bop and post-bop tenor saxophonist. ... Joseph Rudolph (Philly Joe) Jones (July 15, 1923 – August 30, 1985) was an American jazz drummer. ... Richard Allen (Blue) Mitchell (March 13, 1930 – May 21, 1979) was an American jazz, rhythm and blues, soul, rock, and funk trumpeter. ... Leroy Vinnegar was an American jazz bassist, known for his mastery of walking bass. ... Jump to: navigation, search John Coltrane John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. ... Donaldson Toussaint LOuverture Byrd II (born December 9, 1932) is an American jazz and rhythm and blues trumpeter, born in Detroit, Michigan. ...

Return to Texas and retirement

Red Garland eventually returned to Texas in the 1970s. He led a recording in 1977 named Crossings which reunited him with Philly Joe Jones again, and he teamed up with world-class bassist Ron Carter. He continued recording until his death from a heart attack in 1984. His block-chord style, relaxed feel, and classic jazz recordings remain as his lasting legacy. Jump to: navigation, search 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Jump to: navigation, search For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... Ron Carter (born May 4, 1937, Ferndale, Michigan, USA) is a jazz bassist. ... A myocardial infarction occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque slowly builds up in the inner lining of a coronary artery and then suddenly ruptures, totally occluding the artery and preventing blood flow downstream. ... Jump to: navigation, search This page is about the year 1984. ...

References

• Nisenson, Eric (1996). Round About Midnight - A Portrait of Miles, updated edition. Da Capo Press ISBN 0-306-80684-3
• Simpson, Joel (1996). "Red Garland Biography (1923-1984)".