Red Hat Enterprise Linux (often abbreviated to RHEL) is a Linux distribution produced by Red Hat and targeted toward the commercial market, including mainframes. Red Hat commits to supporting each version of RHEL for 7 years after its release. All of Red Hat's official support, all of Red Hat's training and the Red Hat Certification Program center on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux platform. Image File history File links Redhat_Logo. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 655 KB, MIME type: image/png) screenshot prepared by me File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on a Web server, usually accessible via the Internet or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML, that is almost always accessible... It has been suggested that software publisher be merged into this article or section. ... A software developer is a person who is concerned with one or more facets of the software development process, a somewhat broader scope of computer programming or a specialty of project managing. ... Red Hat, Inc. ... Linux (IPA pronunciation: ) is a Unix-like computer operating system. ... Open source refers to projects that are open to the public and which draw on other projects that are freely available to the general public. ... is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... RPM Package Manager (originally Red Hat Package Manager, abbreviated RPM) is a package management system. ... A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer. ... It has been suggested that Monolithic system be merged into this article or section. ... The Linux kernel is a Unix-like operating system kernel. ... A software license is a legal agreement which may take the form of a proprietary or gratuitous license as well as a memorandum of contract between a producer and a user of computer software. ... A Linux distribution, often simply distribution or distro, is a member of the Linux family of Unix-like operating systems comprising the Linux kernel, the non-kernel parts of the GNU operating system, and assorted other software. ... Red Hat, Inc. ... Wall Street, Manhattan is the location of the New York Stock Exchange and is often used as a symbol for the world of business. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Red Hat Certification Program is Red Hats professional certification program for Red Hat and general Linux related skills such as system administration on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. ...

New versions of RHEL are released every 18 to 24 months. When Red Hat releases a new version of RHEL, customers may upgrade to the new version at no additional charge as long as they are in possession of a current subscription (e.g. the subscription term has not yet lapsed).

Red Hat's first Enterprise offering (Red Hat Linux 6.2E) essentially consisted of a version of Red Hat Linux 6.2 with different support levels, and without separate engineering.

The first version of RHEL to bear the name originally came onto the market as "Red Hat Linux Advanced Server". In 2003 Red Hat rebranded Red Hat Linux Advanced Server to "Red Hat Enterprise Linux" (RHEL) AS, and added two more variants, RHEL ES and RHEL WS.

Verbatim copying and redistribution of the entire RHEL distribution is not permitted due to trademark restrictions.^[1]

Variants

As of 2005 Red Hat distributed four variants of RHEL (AS/ES/WS expansions are unofficial): 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

• RHEL AS (“Application Server” or “Advanced Server”) – for mission-critical/enterprise computer systems.
• RHEL ES (“Edge Server”, “Economy Server”, or “Entry-level Server”) – for supported network servers
• RHEL WS (“Workstation”) – for technical power-user desktops or high-performance computing
• Red Hat Desktop – for multiple deployments of single-user desktops

There are also "Academic" editions of the Desktop and Server variants. They are offered to schools and students, are less expensive, and are provided with Red Hat technical support as an optional extra. Web support based on number of customer contacts can be purchased separately. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... A power users desktop. ...

People sometimes mistakenly refer to ES as "Enterprise Server", in contrast to AS (Advanced Server). This may be because Novell has a server distribution called SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES). However, nowhere on its site or in its literature does Red Hat say what AS, ES and WS stand for. Enterprise Software is software that solves an enterprise problem (rather than a departmental problem) and usually enterprise software is written using Enterprise Software Architecture. ... Novell Inc. ... SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) is a Linux distribution supplied by Novell, targeted at the business market. ...

In RHEL 5 there are new editions that substitute former RHEL AS/ES/WS/Desktop: [1]

• RHEL Advanced Platform (former AS)
• RHEL (former ES)
• RHEL Desktop with Workstation and Multi-OS option
• RHEL Desktop with Workstation option (former WS)
• RHEL Desktop with Multi-OS option
• RHEL Desktop (former Desktop)

Relationship to free or community versions

Originally, Red Hat based RHEL on Red Hat Linux, but using a much more conservative release cycle. Later versions leveraged technologies from Fedora which is a community distribution and project that Red Hat sponsors. Roughly every third version of Red Hat Linux (RHL) or Fedora forms the basis for a version of RHEL, thus: Red Hat Linux was a popular Linux distribution assembled by Red Hat until the early 2000s, when it was discontinued. ... Fedora (previously called Fedora Core) is a yum and RPM-based GNU/Linux distribution, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat. ... Red Hat Linux was a popular Linux distribution assembled by Red Hat until the early 2000s, when it was discontinued. ... Fedora (previously called Fedora Core) is a yum and RPM-based GNU/Linux distribution, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat. ...

• RHL 6.2 → RHL 6.2E
• RHL 7.2 → RHEL 2.1
• RHL 9 → RHEL 3
• FC 3 → RHEL 4
• FC 6 → RHEL 5

Rebuilds

Main article: Red Hat Enterprise Linux clones

Originally, Red Hat's enterprise product, then known as Red Hat Linux, was made freely available to anybody who wished to download it, while Red Hat made money from support. Red Hat then moved towards splitting its product line into Red Hat Enterprise Linux which was designed to be stable and with long-term support for enterprise users and 'Fedora' as the community distribution and project sponsored by Red Hat. They use trademarks to prevent verbatim copying of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. However, some people found the new products lacking: those who could not afford or did not wish to pay for enterprise-level support but valued the stability and long-term update cycle of the enterprise product. Red Hat Enterprise Linux clones are Linux distributions which are closely based on the source code of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. ... Fedora (previously called Fedora Core) is a yum and RPM-based GNU/Linux distribution, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat. ...

Since Red Hat Enterprise Linux is based completely on free and open source software, Red Hat makes available the complete source code to its enterprise distribution through its FTP site to anybody who wants it. Accordingly, several groups have taken this source code and compiled their own versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, typically with the only changes being the removal of any references to Red Hat's trademarks and pointing the update systems to non-Red Hat servers. Groups which have undertaken this effort include CentOS (the most popular as of June 2007 [2]), StartCom Enterprise Linux, Pie Box Enterprise Linux, Scientific Linux, White Box Enterprise Linux and Lineox. Oracle Corporation has also recently come out with its own repackaging of Red Hat Enterprise Linux called Oracle Enterprise Linux as part of its Unbreakable Linux program but does not provide a free mechanism for applying updates without paying a service fee as with Red Hat. Clockwise from top: The logo of the GNU Project (the GNU head), the Linux kernel mascot Tux the Penguin, and the FreeBSD daemon Free software is a term coined by Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation[1] to refer to software that can be used, studied, and modified without... Open source refers to projects that are open to the public and which draw on other projects that are freely available to the general public. ... CentOS is a freely available Linux distribution which is based on Red Hats commercial Red Hat Enterprise Linux product, and with which it aims to be 100% compatible. ... Pie Box Enterprise Linux is a Linux distribution that is an alternative to Red Hat Enterprise Linux (Red Hat prices start at $179). ... Scientific Linux 4. ... White Box Enterprise Linux is a free Linux distribution that is an alternative to Red Hat Enterprise Linux (Red Hat prices start at $179). ... Lineox is an open source free GNU Linux distribution which aims to be 100% compatible with and based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. ... On October 25, 2006 Oracle Corporation announced their Unbreakable Linux. ...

Differences between rebuilds and original Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Rebuilds of RHEL are free but do not get any commercial support or consultancy services from Red Hat and lack any software, hardware or security certifications. Also Red Hat services like Red Hat Network or Red Hat Satellite server, products like Red Hat developer suite are not available for the rebuilds. Red Hat Network (or Red Hat Enterprise Network, abbreviated to RHN or RHEN) is a system operated by Red Hat that makes updates, patches, and bug fixes of packages included within Red Hat Linux and Red Hat Enterprise Linux available to the public. ...

Commercial products based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux

A number of commercial vendors use Red Hat Enterprise Linux as a base for the operating system in their products. The most well-known is the Console Operating System in VMware ESX Server. VMware Inc. ...

See Commercial products based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux A number of commercial products are based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. ...

Version history

• RHL 6.2E (Zoot), 27 March 2000
• RHEL 2.1 AS (Pensacola), 26 March 2002
• RHEL 2.1 ES (Panama), May 2003
• RHEL 3 (Taroon), 22 October 2003
  • Update 1, 16 January 2004
  • Update 2, 18 May 2004
  • Update 3, 3 September 2004
  • Update 4, 21 December 2004
  • Update 5, 20 May 2005
  • Update 6, 28 September 2005
  • Update 7, 15 March 2006
  • Update 8, 20 July 2006
  • Update 9, 15 June 2007
• RHEL 4 (Nahant), 15 February 2005
  • Update 1, 9 June 2005
  • Update 2, 5 October 2005
  • Update 3, 7 March 2006
  • Update 4, 11 August 2006
  • Update 5, 1 May 2007
• RHEL 5 (Tikanga), 14 March 2007

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Included software

RHEL 4 Update 4

• Linux kernel 2.6.9
• Apache 2.0.52
• PHP 4.3.9
• PostgreSQL 7.4.16
• MySQL 4.1.20

RHEL 3 Update 8

• Linux kernel 2.4.21
• Apache 2.0.46
• PHP 4.3.2
• PostgreSQL 7.3.15
• MySQL 3.23.58

See also

• Commercial and community Linux distributions by the same vendor

Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Red Hats release of Fedora Core started a popular trend amongst commercial Linux distribution vendors (and even one Unix vendor), that of creating a community distribution closely related to a commercial distribution, with the community distribution acting as a faster developing, testing bed for the commercial distribution. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/onlamp/2005/06/30/esr_interview.html]

External links

• RHEL homepage
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux at DistroWatch