?Red Spruce Conservation status: Least concern (LR/lc)
Red Spruce foliage and cones
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Pinaceae Genus: Picea Species: P. rubens
Binomial name
Picea rubens Sarg.

Red Spruce (Picea rubens) is a spruce tree native to eastern North America. Specifically, its habitat ranges from eastern Quebec to Nova Scotia, and from New England south jnuhhuubnuhin the Adirondack Mountains and Appalachians to western North Carolina. It grows from 18-30 m high and has a trunk diameter of about 60 cm, though exceptional specimens can reach 46 m tall and 130 cm diameter. It has a narrow conical crown. It grows at a slow to moderate rate, lives for 250 to 350 years, and is very shade-tolerant when young. It is often found in pure stands or forests mixed with Eastern White Pine, Balsam Fir, Fraser Fir or Black Spruce. Its habitat is moist but well-drained sandy loam, often at high altitudes. Red Spruce can be easily damaged by windthrow and acid rain. The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1650x1092, 556 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Red Spruce User:Super cyclist/Trees ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae Chlorophyta Charophyta Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) †Rhyniophyta - rhyniophytes †Zosterophyllophyta - zosterophylls Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses †Trimerophytophyta - trimerophytes Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta... Orders & Families Cordaitales † Pinales   Pinaceae - Pine family   Araucariaceae - Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae - Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae - Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae - Plum-yew family   Taxaceae - Yew family Vojnovskyales † Voltziales † The conifers, division Pinophyta, also known as division Coniferae, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the... Orders & Families Cordaitales † Pinales   Pinaceae - Pine family   Araucariaceae - Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae - Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae - Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae - Plum-yew family   Taxaceae - Yew family Vojnovskyales † Voltziales † The conifers, division Pinophyta, also known as division Coniferae, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the... Families Pinaceae, pine family Araucariaceae, araucaria family Podocarpaceae, yellow-wood family Phyllocladaceae Sciadopityaceae, umbrella-pine family Cupressaceae, cypress family Cephalotaxaceae, plum-yew family Taxaceae, yew family The Order Pinales in the Division Pinophyta, Class Pinopsida comprises all the extant conifers. ... Genera Subfamily Pinoideae     Pinus - pines (about 115 species) Subfamily Piceoideae     Picea - spruces (about 35 species) Subfamily Laricoideae     Cathaya (one species)     Larix - larches (about 14 species)     Pseudotsuga - douglas-firs (five species) Subfamily Abietoideae     Abies - firs (about 50 species)     Cedrus - cedars (two to four species)     Pseudolarix - golden larch (one species)     Keteleeria (three... Species About 35; see text. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... Charles Sprague Sargent Charles Sprague Sargent (April 21, 1841-March 22, 1927) was an American botanist. ... Species About 35; see text. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Official languages French Flower Blue Flag Iris (Iris versicolor Linné) Tree Yellow Birch Bird Snowy Owl Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Lieutenant-Governor Lise Thibault Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 75 24 Area Total  - Land  - Water  (% of... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Official languages None (English,French,Gaelic) Flower Trailing arbutus Tree Red Spruce Bird Osprey Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 11 10 Area... The states marked in red show New England. ... Eagle Lake, Adirondack region The Adirondack mountain range is a group of mountains in the northeastern part of New York that runs through Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Hamilton, Herkimer, Lewis, and Warren counties. ... The Appalachian Mountains are a system of North American mountains running from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada to Alabama in the United States, although the northernmost mainland portion ends at the Gaspe Peninsula of Quebec. ... This article is the current U.S. Collaboration of the Week. ... Binomial name Pinus strobus L. Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus) is a large pine native to eastern North America, occurring from Newfoundland west to Minnesota and southeasternmost Manitoba, and south along the Appalachian Mountains to the extreme north of Georgia. ... Binomial name Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. ... Binomial name Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. ... Binomial name Picea mariana The Black Spruce (Picea mariana) is a common coniferous tree in North America. ... The effects of acid rain in the Jizera Mountains of the Czech Republic Acid rain (or more accurately acid precipitation)[1] occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere, undergo chemical transformations and are absorbed by water droplets in clouds. ...

foliage

The leaves are needle-like, yellow-green, 12-15 mm long, four-sided, curved, with a sharp point, and extend from all sides of the twig. The bark is gray-brown on the surface and red-brown on the inside, thin, and scaly. The cones are cylindrical, 3-5 cm long, with a glossy red-brown color and stiff scales. Red Spruce foliage - US NPS photo [1] File links The following pages link to this file: Red Spruce Categories: National Park Service images ... Red Spruce foliage - US NPS photo [1] File links The following pages link to this file: Red Spruce Categories: National Park Service images ... The leaves of a Beech tree A leaf with laminar structure and pinnate venation In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ... Mature female European Black Pine cone Male cones of a pine A cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures. ...

It is closely related to Black Spruce, and hybrids between the two are frequent where their ranges meet. Binomial name Picea mariana The Black Spruce (Picea mariana) is a common coniferous tree in North America. ... // In biology, hybrid has two meanings. ...

Red spruce is used for Christmas trees and is an important wood used in making paper pulp. It is also an excellent tonewood, and is used in many higher-end acoustic guitars. The sap can be used to make spruce gum. Leafy red spruce twigs are boiled as a part of making spruce beer. A Christmas tree in a Danish home. ... Pulpwood refers to timber stocks that are cut for paper production. ... The classical guitar typically has nylon strings. ... Spruce Gum is made from the sap of spruce trees. ... Insert non-formatted text hereSpruce beer can be either of two kinds of fermented beverages. ...

Red Spruce is the Provincial tree of Nova Scotia. This list of Provincial tree emblems of Canada includes the official trees of the Provinces and Territories of Canada. ... Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Official languages None (English,French,Gaelic) Flower Trailing arbutus Tree Red Spruce Bird Osprey Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 11 10 Area...

See also

• Gaudineer Scenic Area, a virgin red spruce forest located in West Virginia

Gaudineer Scenic Area Gaudineer Scenic Area is a scenic area and Registered Natural Landmark in the Greenbrier Ranger District of the Monongahela National Forest. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ...

References and external links

• Conifer Specialist Group (1998). Picea rubens. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.
• Gymnosperm Database: Picea rubens
• Flora of North America: Picea rubens RangeMap:
• Red Spruce - Atlantic Forestry Centre
• Forest Trees of Maine - Red Spruce
• Picea rubens images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu