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The red nucleus is a structure in the rostral midbrain involved in motor coordination. In animals without a significant corticospinal tract, gait is mainly controlled by the red nucleus. In humans, the red nucleus mainly controls the muscles of the shoulder and upper arm, but it has some control over the lower arm and hand as well. It is less important in its motor functions for humans than in many other mammals, because, in humans, the corticospinal tract is dominant. However the crawling of babies is controlled by the red nucleus, as is arm-swinging in normal walking. Because the red nucleus has little control over the hands, fine control of the fingers is impaired should only the red nucleus be functioning. Image File history File links Cn3nucleus. ...
The superior colliculus is part of the brain that sits below the thalamus and surrounds the pineal gland in the mesencephalon of vertebrate brains. ...
The oculomotor nerve () is the third of twelve paired cranial nerves. ...
Image File history File links Gray678. ...
Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ...
NeuroNames is a system of nomenclature for the brain and related structures. ...
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ...
Elseviers logo Elsevier, the worlds largest publisher of medical and scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group. ...
In zootomy, several terms are used to describe the location of organs and other structures in the body of bilateral animals. ...
In biological anatomy, the mesencephalon (or midbrain) is the middle of three vesicles that arise from the neural tube that forms the brain of developing animals. ...
Coordination or Co-ordination is the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation. ...
The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a massive collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. ...
A gait can refer to: a particular way or manner of moving on foot: walking and running are the two basic human gaits; see also gait analysis and Gait (human). ...
The red nucleus receives many inputs from the contralateral cerebellum and an input from the ipsilateral motor cortex, and sends efferent axons (the rubrospinal projection) to the contralateral half of the rhombencephalic reticular formation and spinal cord. These efferent axons cross just ventral to the nucleus and descend through the midbrain to the spinal cord, where the rubrospinal tract which they make up runs ventral to the lateral corticospinal tract in the lateral funiculus. Figure 1a: A human brain, with the cerebellum in purple. ...
An axon, or nerve fiber, is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that conducts electrical impulses away from the neurons cell body or soma. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Reticular formation is a part of the brain which is involved in stereotypical actions, such as walking, sleeping, and lying down. ...
Cross-section through cervical spinal cord. ...
Efferent nerve fibers carry information away from the brain. ...
See Also
Human brain image constructed from MRI data // Brain (neural tube) Brainstem (rhombencephalon),(mesencephalon) Rhombencephalon (hindbrain) Metencephalon pons fourth ventricle cerebellum cerebellar vermis cerebellar hemispheres anterior lobe posterior lobe flocculonodular lobe cerebellar nuclei fastigial nucleus globose nucleus emboliform nucleus dentate nucleus Myelencephalon medulla oblongata medullary pyramids Mesencephalon (midbrain) tectum inferior colliculi...
External links
The University of California, Davis, commonly known as UC Davis, is one of the ten University of California campuses. ...
| Mesencephalon (midbrain) | | cerebral peduncle: midbrain tegmentum (periaqueductal gray, ventral tegmentum, nucleus raphe dorsalis), pretectum, substantia nigra, red nucleus, pedunculopontine nucleus, medial longitudinal fasciculus, medial lemniscus, rubrospinal tract, lateral lemniscus In biological anatomy, the mesencephalon (or midbrain) is the middle of three vesicles that arise from the neural tube that forms the brain of developing animals. ...
The cerebral peduncle, by most classifications, is everything in the mesencephalon except the tectum. ...
The midbrain tegmentum is part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct. ...
Periaqueductal Gray (PAG; also called the central gray) is the midbrain grey matter that is located around the cerebral aqueduct within the midbrain. ...
Grays FIG. 712– Transverse section of mid-brain at level of superior colliculi. ...
The nucleus raphe dorsalis consists of rostral and caudal subdivisions. ...
Pretectum is a structure located in the midbrain. ...
The substantia nigra (Latin for black substance) is a portion of the midbrain thought to be involved in certain aspects of movement and attention. ...
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is located in the brainstem, caudal to the substantia nigra and adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle. ...
The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a group of axons on each side of the brainstem, that carry information about the direction that the eyes should move. ...
The medial lemniscus, also known as Reils band or Reils ribbon, is a pathway in the brainstem that carries sensory information from the gracile and cuneate nuclei to the thalamus. ...
The rubrospinal tract is part of the indirect extra-pyramidal tract and is responsible for large muscle movement such as the arms and the legs. ...
The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound to the inferior colliculus of the midbrain. ...
tectum: corpora quadrigemina, inferior colliculi, superior colliculi The tectum is the dorsal part of the midbrain, derived in embryonic development from the alar plate of the neural tube. ...
Corpora quadrigemina (Latin: four twins) is the collective name given to both pairs of the inferior and superior colliculi. ...
The paired inferior colliculi together with the superior colliculi form the eminences of the corpora quadrigemina. ...
The superior colliculus is part of the brain that sits below the thalamus and surrounds the pineal gland in the mesencephalon of vertebrate brains. ...
cerebral aqueduct: oculomotor nucleus, trochlear nucleus, Edinger-Westphal nucleus The mesencephalic duct, also known as the Aqueduct of Silvius or the cerebral aqueduct, contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is within the mesencephalon (or midbrain) and connects the third ventricle in the thalamus (or diencephalon) to the fourth ventricle, which is between the pons and cerebellum. ...
The fibers of the oculomotor nerve arise from a nucleus in the midbrain, which lies in the gray substance of the floor of the cerebral aqueduct and extends in front of the aqueduct for a short distance into the floor of the third ventricle. ...
The nucleus of the trochlear nerve is located in the midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus. ...
The Edinger-Westphal nucleus is the accessory parasympathetic nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, supplying the constricting muscles of the iris. ...
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