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Referred pain is a very unpleasant sensation localized to an area separate from the site of the causative injury or other painful stimulation. Often, referred pain arises when a nerve is compressed or damaged at or near its origin. In this circumstance, the sensation of pain will generally be felt in the territory that the nerve serves, even though the damage originates elsewhere. [1] “Hurting†redirects here. ...
Nerves (yellow) Nerves redirects here. ...
Examples A common example is spinal disc herniation, in which a nerve root arising from the spinal cord is compressed by adjacent disc material. Although pain may arise from the damaged disc itself, pain and/or other symptoms will also be felt in the region served by the compressed nerve (for example, the thigh, knee, or foot). Relieving the pressure on the nerve root may ameliorate the referred pain, provided that permanent nerve damage has not occurred. A spinal disc herniation, incorrectly called a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine, in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion (nucleus pulposus) to bulge out. ...
The Spinal cord nested in the vertebral column. ...
In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. ...
For other uses, see Knee (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Foot (disambiguation). ...
A similar mechanism may be responsible for some instances of the phantom limb syndrome in amputees. This article is about the syndrome. ...
Amputation is the removal of a body extremity by trauma or surgery. ...
In another classic example of referred pain, male patients who are suffering a myocardial infarction (heart attack) feel pain in their left arm. Another example of referred pain is the common "ice cream headache" or "brain freeze" which happens when the trigeminal ganglion is indirectly stimulated from cold food on the roof of the mouth. Another example is pain from an inflamed gall bladder which may refer pain to the right shoulder and pain from a herniated cervical disc referring pain down one or both arms into the hands. In addition, tooth pain may refer pain that should be localized to the affected tooth to the opposite side of the mouth as opposed to actually feeling pain in the tooth with the cavity or abscess. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI or MI), more commonly known as a heart attack, is a disease state that occurs when the blood supply to a part of the heart is interrupted. ...
Brain Freeze or ice cream headache is a term used to refer to the pain sometimes inflicted by devouring something cold like ice cream or a cold beverage, often very quickly. ...
Brain Freeze or ice cream headache is a term used to refer to the pain sometimes inflicted by devouring something cold like ice cream or a cold beverage, often very quickly. ...
The trigeminal ganglion (or Gasserian ganglion, or semilunar ganglion) occupies a cavity (Meckels cave) in the dura mater covering the trigeminal impression near the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone. ...
The gallbladder (or cholecyst) is a pear-shaped organ that stores bile (or gall) until the body needs it for digestion. ...
A hernia is often likened to the failure of a tire. ...
Dental cavities, tooth decay, or caries is a disease of the teeth resulting in damage to tooth structure. ...
Look up Abscess in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Mechanism In cases of damage to viscera, referred pain may be due to convergence of visceral nerves that innervate the damaged organs with somatic nerves that innervate sections of skin. Because a neuron from the organ and one from the skin may form a synapse with the same projection neuron in the dorsal horn, input from either neuron will be interpreted the same way by it and all neurons further up the pathway. Since the brain is more "accustomed" to receiving sensation from the peripheral structure than from the viscera, it may interpret the pain as originating from the former. Thus there is an array of diseases that cause damage to organs and which produce characteristic patterns of pain in unrelated places in the body's periphery. In anatomy, the viscera are the internal organs of an animal, in particular the internal organs of the head, thorax and abdomen. ...
The Visceral Branches arise from the third and fourth, and sometimes from the second, sacral nerves, and are distributed to the bladder and rectum and, in the female, to the vagina; they communicate with the pelvic plexuses of the sympathetic. ...
The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements through the action of skeletal muscles, and with reception of external stimuli, which helps keep the body in touch with its surroundings (e. ...
Drawing by Santiago Ramón y Cajal of neurons in the pigeon cerebellum. ...
Illustration of the major elements in a prototypical synapse. ...
A pyramidal cell (or pyramidal neuron, or projection neuron) is a multipolar neuron located in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. ...
The posterior horn (posterior column, posterior cornu, dorsal horn) of the spinal cord is dorsal (more towards the back) to the anterior horn. ...
Italic text // ahh addiing sum spiice iin hurr`` For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ...
Despite the proliferation of literature on the mechanisms of referred pain, it is a process that is still not well understood.
Interestingly enough, there also seems to be some sort of pattern to referred pain in the symptoms associated with various disorders, for instance, many people are familiar with a physical symptom being associated with emotional distress, nausea, headaches, etc. but, there is a very minor chance that a person with a heart condition will have a tooth ache and no other obvious symptoms at all. Other examples include joint pain associated with a kidney infection or a digestive disorder being felt in a headache. It is not fully understood why these symptoms occur the way they do.
References - ^ Referred pain from the spine.
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