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Encyclopedia > Refuge (Buddhism)
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Taking Refuge makes the difference between Buddhists and non-Buddhists. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ... The cultural elements of Buddhism vary by region and include: Buddhist cuisine Buddhist art Buddharupa Art and architecture of Japan Greco-Buddhism Tibetan Buddhist sacred art Buddhist music Buddhist chant Shomyo Categories: Buddhism-related stubs ... The history of Buddhism spans from the 6th century BCE to the present, starting with the birth of the Buddha Siddharta Gautama. ... Contents: Top - A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z The following is a List of Buddhist topics: A Abhidharma Ahimsa Ajahn Ajahn Chah Ajanta Aksobhya Alexandra David-Néel Amara Sinha B... Buddhist beliefs and practices vary according to region. ... The percentage of Buddhist population of each country was taken from the US State Departments International Religious Freedom Report 2004 [1]. Other sources used were CIA Factbook [2] and adherents. ... An image of Gautama Buddha with a swastika, traditionally a Buddhist symbol of good luck, on his chest. ... The Buddhist temple Wat Chiang Man, in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which dates from the late 13th century Buddhist temples and monasteries, sorted by location. ... Several Buddhist terms and concepts lack direct translations into English that cover the breadth of the original term. ... There is great variety in Buddhist texts. ... Before Common Era Trad. ... Statues of Buddha such as this, the Tian Tan Buddha statue in Hong Kong, remind followers to practice right living. ...


One accepts the example of the Buddha as the perfect, enlightened teacher, the Dharma as the guidebook on the spiritual path, and the Sangha as the supporting spiritual community. These three are also known as the Three Jewels. A stone image of the Buddha. ... Dharma is a sanskrit word and a concept of eastern religions. ... Sangha is a word in Indian languages that can be translated roughly as association or assembly. It is commonly used in several senses to refer to Buddhist groups. ... The Triratna or Three Jewels symbol, on a Buddha footprint. ...


It is not really necessary to take formal refuge in front of a teacher, although it may help one to remember the choice of direction in life.

Contents


Vows

If we decide to go for Refuge, we should also commit ourselves to the path we choose by keeping vows. The one mandatory vow, always implicit in taking refuge, is avoiding to harm other sentient beings. (Please note that depending on tradition and teacher, some differences can appear in the exact definitions of the vows.)


Optional other vows that can be taken as part of taking Refuge are:

1. Not killing: refers to humans and animals; both is harming sentient beings.
2. Not stealing: 'not taking what is not given'.
3. No sexual misconduct: refers usually to committing adultery (having sex with others when married, or when the other person is married).
4. Not lying: refers usually to not lying about spiritual attainments, but can include all lying.
5. No intoxicants; refers traditionally to alcohol, but anything substance influencing clarity of mind (like drugs) is usually included.

Refuge Advice

1. Primary guidelines


a. To actualise refuge in:

- Buddha: commit yourself to one teacher, the Buddha
- Dharma: listen, study and practice Dharma to overcome your own delusions
- Sangha: respect Sangha and train in accordance with their example

b. Try to:

- subdue the body, speech and mind, instead of letting our senses rule us, do not speak harsh, sceptical and avoid being judgmental.
- practice ethics and vows.
- be kind and considerate to any living being.
- make special offerings on two special days of the year: the 15th of 4th lunar month (around May), to celebrate birth, enlightenment and passing away of the Buddha, and on the 4th of 6th lunar month (around July) to celebrate the first turning of the wheel - or the first teachings of the Buddha on the Four Noble Truths in Sarnath.


2. Secondary guidelines The Four Noble Truths (Pali, cattari ariya saccani) are taught in Buddhism as the fundamental insight or enlightenment of Sakyamuni Buddha (the historical Buddha), which led to the formulation of the Buddhist philosophy. ... Sarnath (formerly also Mrigadava, Rishipattana, Isipatana), located 13 kilometres from Varanasi, is the deer park where Gautama Buddha first taught the Dharma, and where the Buddhist Sangha was founded. ...


Referring to the refuge in the:

- Buddha: do not follow other, lower beings as ultimate spiritual guides.
- Dharma: do not harm or upset humans or animals.
- Sangha: do not be negatively influenced by any extremists or others opposing our beliefs

Show respect to the:

- Buddha: respect all images of the Buddha, treat these as if they are Buddhas.
- Dharma: respect texts, treat them with utmost care.
- Sangha: respect even piece of robes and all who wear robes (despite behaviour)


3. Six points of training:

1. Take refuge in the Three Jewels, do not seek the source of your happiness and problems outside yourself.
2. Offer the first part of food or drink to the triple gem, by blessing it before eating or drinking by reciting "Om Ah Hum".
3. Encourage others to become inner beings (Buddhists) and to take refuge; but only when one is asked for advice.
4. Recite the refuge prayer 3x in the day and 3x in the night.
5. Follow the example of the Three Jewels, rely on them as the only trustworthy refuge objects.
6. Never lose faith in the Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha.

Refuge Prayers

(Sanskrit:)

Namo Buddhaya
Namo Dharmaya
Namo Sanghaya
I go for refuge to the Buddha,
I go for refuge to the Dharma,
I go for refuge to the Sangha.

or, the Tibetan (Mahayana) version:

Until I am enlightened,
I go for refuge to the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha.
Through the virtue I create by practising giving and the other perfections,
may I become a Buddha to benefit all sentient beings.

Levels of Refuge

According to Atisha in the 11th century 'Lamp for the Path' and in the subsequent Lamrim tradition as elaborated by Tsongkhapa, one can distinguish several levels of refuge: Atish Dipankar (982 - 1054 CE) was a Buddhist teacher who reintroduced pure Buddhism into Tibet. ... The Gelug School Je Tsongkhapa, whose name means The Man from Onion Valley, also known as Je Rinpoche and by his ordained name Lobsang Drakpa, is recorded as the founder of the Gelugpa school in Tibetan Buddhism. ...


These purposes are introduced using the concept of the 'scope' of a practitioner

  • Worldly scope is taking refuge to improve this life (not Buddhist)
  • Lowest Buddhist scope is taking refuge to gain high rebirth and avoid the low realms
  • Middle Buddhist scope is taking refuge to achieve Nirvana
  • High Buddhist scope is taking refuge to become a Buddha
  • Highest Buddhist scope is also sometimes included, which is taking refuge to achieve Buddhahood in this life (using Buddhist Tantra techniques)

nirvana is also the best grunge band ever you idiots ... Tantra (Sanskrit: loom) [The Sanskrit word tantra means to weave. Tibetan scholars translated the term as gyu (rgyud), which means continuity] , tantric yoga or tantrism is any of several esoteric traditions rooted in the religions of India. ...

External Links

  • A Buddhist View on Refuge

  Results from FactBites:
 
Buddhism - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article (9486 words)
Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE.
Theravada Buddhism: parts of India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar (where it is imposed as the state religion),Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, parts of Vietnam (along the Mekong Delta frontier with Cambodia, the so-called "Khmer Krom" region), and parts of China (in Yunnan, Guangxi, and Sichuan).
Buddhism has the characteristics of what would be expected in a cosmic religion for the future: It transcends a personal God, avoids dogmas and theology; it covers both the natural and the spiritual, and it is based on a religious sense aspiring from the experience of all things, natural and spiritual, as a meaningful unity.
Buddhism: Definition and Much More from Answers.com (8090 words)
Buddhism's main teachings are summarized in the Four Noble Truths, of which the fourth is the Eightfold Path.
Buddhism (also known as Buddha Dharma (Pali: धमा Dhamma), "the teachings of the awakened one") is a dharmic, non-theistic religion, a way of life, a practical philosophy, and arguably a form of psychology.
In Mahayana Buddhism, there is also a distinctive Vinaya and ethics contained within the Mahayana Brahmajala Sutra (not to be confused with the Pali text of that name) for Bodhisattvas, where, for example, the eating of meat is frowned upon and vegetarianism is actively encouraged (see vegetarianism in Buddhism).
  More results at FactBites »


 

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