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Encyclopedia > Regina, Saskatchewan
Regina
Flag of Regina
Flag
Official seal of Regina
Seal
Nickname: The Queen City
Motto: Floreat Regina
("Let Regina Flourish")
Location of Regina in the SE quadrant of Saskatchewan
Coordinates: 50°26′10″N 104°37′05″W / 50.43611, -104.61806
Country Canada
Province Saskatchewan
District Municipality of Sherwood
Established 1882
Government
 - City Mayor Pat Fiacco
 - Governing body Regina City Council
 - MPs Dave Batters
Ralph Goodale
Tom Lukiwski
Andrew Scheer
 - MLAs Ron Harper
Bill Hutchinson
Warren McCall
Sandra Morin
John Nilson
Laura Ross
Christine Tell
Kim Trew
Harry Van Mulligen
Trent Wotherspoon
Kevin Yates
Area
 - City 118.87 km² (45.9 sq mi)
 - Metro 3,408.26 km² (1,315.94 sq mi)
Elevation 577 m (1,893 ft)
Population (2006)
 - City 179,246 (Ranked 24th)
 - Density 1,507.9/km² (3,905.4/sq mi)
 - Metro 201,000
 - Metro Density 57.2/km² (148.15/sq mi)
Time zone Central (CST) (UTC-6)
NTS Map 072I07
GNBC Code HAIMP
Website: http://www.regina.ca/

Regina (IPA: /rɛˈdʒaɪnə/) is the capital of Saskatchewan, Canada. The city is the second largest in the province (after Saskatoon), and is a cultural and commercial metropole for both southern Saskatchewan and adjacent areas in the neighbouring American states of North Dakota and Montana. It attracts visitors for the vitality of its commerce, theatre, concerts and restaurants and to its summer agricultural exhibition (originally established in 1884 as the Assiniboia Agricultural Association and since the mid-1960s styled "Buffalo Days"[1]). It is governed by Regina City Council. Regina is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic[2] and Romanian Orthodox[3] Dioceses of Regina and the Anglican Diocese of Qu'Appelle.[4] Citizens of Regina are referred to as Reginans. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 1863 KB) Regina Downtown looking north from over the Legislative Building. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1717x1891, 842 KB) I took this photo myself on August 8, 2006. ... EXAMPLE:Laughbox,Blondie,BamBam,Pinkie,etc. ... For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... No file by this name exists; you can upload it. ... Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories. ... For other uses, see Saskatchewan (disambiguation). ... List of mayors of Regina, Saskatchewan: From the date of incorporation as a Town on December 1st, 1883: 1884-1885 D.L. Scott, Q.C. 1886-1887 Dan Mowat 1888 W. Cayley Hamilton Q.C. 1889 J.W. Smith 1890 J.A. McCaul 1891-1892 R.H. Williams 1893 J... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Regina City Council is the governing body of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ... Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc Québécois... Dave Batters (born 1970, Saskatchewan) is a Canadian politician. ... Ralph Edward Goodale, PC , MP, BA , LL.B (born October 5, 1949, in Regina, Saskatchewan) was Canadas Minister of Finance from 2003 to 2006 and continues to be a Liberal Member of Parliament. ... Tom Lukiwski (born October 5, 1951) is a Canadian politician. ... Andrew Scheer (born May 20, 1979) is a Canadian Member of Parliament. ... The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan is located in Regina. ... Ron Harper is a Canadian provincial politician. ... Bill Hutchinson is a Canadian politician. ... Warren McCall is a Canadian provincial politician. ... Sandra Morin is a Canadian provincial politician. ... John Nilson is a Canadian politician. ... Laura Ross is a Canadian politician. ... Christine Tell is a Canadian politician. ... Kim Trew is a Canadian provincial politician. ... Harry Van Mulligen is a Canadian provincial politician. ... Trent Wotherspoon is a Canadian politician. ... Kevin Yates is a Canadian politician, currently serving as an MLA in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan for the constituency of Regina Dewdney. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... The table below lists the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population, using data from the Canada 2006 census for census subdivisions. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... The National Topographic System or NTS is the topographic system used by Canada for providing general purpose maps of the country. ... Geographical Names Board of Canada a national committee of the Canadian Government Department of National Resources which authorizes the names used on official federal government maps of Canada since 1897. ... For other uses, see Saskatchewan (disambiguation). ... For other uses of Saskatoon, see Saskatoon (disambiguation). ... Official language(s) English Demonym North Dakotan Capital Bismarck Largest city Fargo Area  Ranked 19th in the US  - Total 70,762 sq mi (183,272 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 340 miles (545 km)  - % water 2. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Regina City Council is the governing body of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ... A see (from the Latin word sedem, meaning seat) is the throne (cathedra) of a bishop. ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... The Romanian Orthodox Church is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches. ... In some Christian churches, the diocese is an administrative territorial unit governed by a bishop, sometimes also referred to as a bishopric or episcopal see, though more often the term episcopal see means the office held by the bishop. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... The Diocese of Qu’Appelle in the Anglican Church of Canada lies in the southern third of the civil province of Saskatchewan and contains within its geographical boundaries some 50% of the provinces population of one million. ...


Regina was previously the headquarters of the North-West Territories, of which today's provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta originally formed part. Regina was the headquarters of the District of Assiniboia. Regina was named in 1882 after Queen Victoria, i.e. Victoria Regina, by her daughter Princess Louise, wife of the then-Governor General the Marquess of Lorne.[5] ... For other uses, see Alberta (disambiguation). ... The District of Assiniboia was a regional administrative district of Canadas Northwest Territories. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ... Princess Louise may be any of: See Louise of Prussia (disambiguation) for several Princess Louise in the Prussian Royal Family. ... John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll, usually better known by his courtesy title of Marquess of Lorne, by which he was known before 1900 (August 6, 1845 - May 2, 1914) was Governor General of Canada. ...


Unlike other planned cities in the Canadian West, on its treeless flat plain Regina was a tabula rasa, without topographical features other than the small spring run-off Wascana Creek. Early planners took advantage of such opportunity by damming the creek to create a decorative lake to the south of the central business district and constructing the elaborate 850-foot long Albert Street Bridge across the new lake. Regina's importance was further secured when the new province of Saskatchewan designated the city its capital in 1906.[6] Wascana Centre, created around the artificial focal point of Wascana Lake, remains Regina's signal attraction and contains the Provincial Legislative Building, both campuses of the University of Regina, the provincial museum of natural history, the Regina Conservatory (in the original Regina College buildings), the Saskatchewan Science Centre,[7] the Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery and the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts. Wascana Lake from the Willow Island Overlook Wascana Centre (formally established in 1962) is a 9. ... The Saskatchewan Legislature, with Regina in the background The Saskatchewan Legislative Building is located in Regina, Saskatchewan, and serves as the seat of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. ... The University of Regina is a degree-granting institution located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ... The Royal Saskatchewan Museum was established in Regina as the Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History in 1906 to secure and preserve natural history specimens and objects of historical and ethnological interest. ... The University of Regina is a degree-granting institution located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ...


Residential neighbourhoods in Regina are largely indistinguishable from those in other western Canadian cities but several precincts beyond the historic city centre are historically or socially noteworthy. Immediately to the north of the central business district is the old warehouse district, increasingly the focus of shopping and residential development;[8] as in other western cities of North America, the periphery contains shopping malls and big box stores. Generally a prosperous and tranquil city, its long-problematic north-central sector and the difficult Scott Collegiate have in recent years become the focus of national attention for their poverty, drug abuse and prostitution.[9] Regina is notable for its aboriginal and Métis population, the seventh largest in any Canadian urban centre[10] (Regina is Canada's 18th-largest metropolitan area by population[11]), the original North-West Territories Government House and the original North-West Territorial government buildings. In 1912, Regina was a focus of international attention when the Regina Cyclone destroyed much of the town;[12] in the 1930s, the Regina Riot brought further attention and, in the midst of the 1930s drought and Great Depression, which hit the Canadian Prairies particularly hard with their economic focus on dryland grain farming,[13] the CCF (now the NDP, an important left-wing political party in all provinces west of Quebec), formulated its foundation Regina Manifesto in Regina.[14] In recent years, Saskatchewan's resources have come into new demand, and it is anticipated that it will enter into new period of strong economic growth.[15] The Central Business District of Sydney, Australia. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... ... Government House, Regina, Saskatchewan, was constructed as a residence for the Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West Territories, whose territorial headquarters were in Regina until the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta were created out of the Territories in 1905 and Regina became the capital of Saskatchewan. ... Regina Cyclone is popular name for a tornado that devastated the city Regina in Saskatchewan, Canada on June 30th 1912, around 5:00 pm. ... The On-to-Ottawa Trek was a 1935 protest movement comprised of unemployed young men who had been working in camps scattered in remote areas in Western Canada at a rate of twenty cents per day. ... For other uses, see The Great Depression (disambiguation). ... The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was a Canadian political party founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, farm, co-operative and labour groups, and the League for Social Reconstruction. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ... The cover page of an original edition of the Regina Manifesto. ...

Contents

History

Main article: History of Regina
See also: History of Northwest Territories capital cities
The eponymous Pile of Bones
The eponymous Pile of Bones[16]

Regina was established in 1882 when it became clear that Edgar Dewdney, the lieutenant-governor of the North-West Territories, eschewed the previously established and considered Battleford, Troy and Fort Qu'Appelle (the latter two both some 30 miles to the east), as the territorial headquarters: these were widely considered more amiable locations for what was anticipated would be a far more major metropole for the Canadian plains than actually eventuated, situated as they were in amply watered and treed rolling parklands whereas "Pile-of-Bones," as the site was then called,[17] was in the midst of arid and featureless grassland. This article is about the history of Regina, Saskatchewan. ... The history of Northwest Territories capitals is unique compared to any other Canadian province or territory. ... Image File history File links A_pile_of_buffalo_bones_stacked_for_shipment_to_Saskatoon,_young_man_posed_in_front. ... Image File history File links A_pile_of_buffalo_bones_stacked_for_shipment_to_Saskatoon,_young_man_posed_in_front. ... Edgar Dewdney (1835 to August 8, 1916) was a Canadian politician originally born in Devonshire, England. ... Battleford is a town located just across the river from North Battleford, Saskatchewan. ... Regina—QuAppelle is the name of a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan, Canada. ... Fort QuAppelle is a town located in the QuAppelle Valley in southern Saskatchewan, Canada. ...


Lieutenant-Governor Edgar Dewdney had acquired land adjacent to the route of the future CPR line at Pile-of-Bones, which was distinguished only by collections of bison bones near a small spring run-off creek, some few kilometres downstream from its origin in the midst of what are now wheat fields. There was an "obvious conflict of interest" in Dewdney's promoting the site of Pile-of-Bones as the territorial headquarters[18]and it was a national scandal at the time,[19] but until 1897, when responsible government was accomplished in the Territories,[20] the lieutenant-governor and council governed by fiat and there was little legitimate means of challenging such decisions outside the federal capital of Ottawa, where the Territories were remote and of little concern. Commercial considerations prevailed, however, and the town's authentic development began as a collection of wooden shanties and tent shacks clustered around the site designated by the CPR for its future station, and not two miles to the east where Dewdney had reserved substantial landholdings for himself and where he sited Government House.[21] Edgar Dewdney (1835 to August 8, 1916) was a Canadian politician originally born in Devonshire, England. ... Responsible government is a conception of a system of government that embodies the principle of parliamentary accountability which is the foundation of the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy. ... This article is about the capital city of Canada. ... An eastbound CPR freight at Stoney Creek Bridge in Rogers Pass. ... Government House, Regina, Saskatchewan, was constructed as a residence for the Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West Territories, whose territorial headquarters were in Regina until the provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta were created out of the Territories in 1905 and Regina became the capital of Saskatchewan. ...

Donald C. McDougall and his shack (1882), the first house in Regina, now cnr Arcola Ave and Prince of Wales Drive, 1883.
Donald C. McDougall and his shack (1882), the first house in Regina, now cnr Arcola Ave and Prince of Wales Drive, 1883.[22]

Regina attained national prominence in 1885 during the North-West Rebellion when troops were mostly able to be transported by train on the CPR from eastern Canada as far as Qu'Appelle Station,[23] before marching to the battlefield in the further Northwest — Qu'Appelle having been the major debarkation and distribution centre until 1890 when the construction of the Qu’Appelle, Long Lake, and Saskatchewan Railway linked Regina with Saskatoon and Prince Albert.[24] Subsequently, the rebellion's leader, Louis Riel, was tried and hanged in Regina — giving the infant community increased and not unwelcome national attention in connection with a figure who was generally at the time considered an unalloyed villain in anglophone Canada.[25] Image File history File links Unidentified_man_with_horse_and_cart_beside_the_first_house_built_in_Regina. ... Image File history File links Unidentified_man_with_horse_and_cart_beside_the_first_house_built_in_Regina. ... wwwww Combatants Dominion of Canada • Métis Provisional Government •Cree–Assiniboine Natives Commanders Leif Crozier Frederick Middleton William Otter Thomas Bland Strange Sam Steele Big Bear Fine-Day Gabriel Dumont Louis Riel Wandering Spirit The North-West Rebellion (or North-West Resistance or the Saskatchewan Rebellion) of 1885 was a... For the opera, see Louis Riel (opera). ...

Corner of South Railway Street (later renamed Saskatchewan Drive) and Scarth Street looking south, circa 1915. Note old Post Office at Scarth Street and 11th Avenue on left.
Corner of South Railway Street (later renamed Saskatchewan Drive) and Scarth Street looking south, circa 1915. Note old Post Office at Scarth Street and 11th Avenue on left.

Regina was incorporated as a city on June 19, 1903 and was proclaimed the capital of the province of Saskatchewan on May 23, 1906 by the first provincial government, led by Premier Walter Scott; the monumental Saskatchewan Legislative Building was built between 1908 and 1912. On June 30 1912, a tornado known as the Regina Cyclone hit the community, levelling much of the young city's business district, killing 28 people and injuring hundreds, making it Canada's deadliest tornado. Image File history File links The_corner_of_Scarth_Street_and_11th_Avenue_looking_south. ... Image File history File links The_corner_of_Scarth_Street_and_11th_Avenue_looking_south. ... is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... is the 143rd day of the year (144th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... A premier is an executive official of government. ... The Honourable Thomas Walter Scott (known less formally as Walter Scott) (October 27, 1867-March 23, 1938) was the first Premier of the province of Saskatchewan in Canada. ... The Saskatchewan Legislature, with Regina in the background The Saskatchewan Legislative Building is located in Regina, Saskatchewan, and serves as the seat of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. ... is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Regina Cyclone is popular name for a tornado that devastated the city Regina in Saskatchewan, Canada on June 30th 1912, around 5:00 pm. ...


Regina's early history is remembered for its rapid growth which continued until the Great Depression began in 1929, at which point Saskatchewan had been the third province of Canada[26] in both population and economic indicators. Thereafter, Saskatchewan never recovered its early promise and Regina's growth slowed and at times reversed, although a recent resources boom promises to rekindle development. From the 1930s onward, Regina became a centre of considerable political activism and experiment as its people sought to adjust to new, reduced economic realities. For other uses, see The Great Depression (disambiguation). ...

Main article: Regina neighbourhoods
New Regina City Hall (1976)
New Regina City Hall (1976)

As in other Canadian cities, the disappearance of the Simpson's and Eaton's retail department stores in the central business district[27] as well as the proliferation of shopping malls beginning in the 1960s and "big box stores" in the '90s on the periphery, together with a corresponding drift of entertainment venues (and all former downtown cinemas) to the city outskirts, have depleted the city centre. The former Hudson's Bay Company department store (previously the site of the Regina Theatre) has been converted into offices; Globe Theatre, located in the old Post Office building at 11th Avenue and Scarth Street, Casino Regina and its show lounge in the old CPR train station, the Cornwall Centre and downtown restaurants now draw people downtown although mooted development of large retail commercial and residential subdivisions in the southwest near the airport will inevitably further compromise efforts to revitalize the central business district. Apart from the remaining residential portion of the original town of Regina, Saskatchewan between the CPR tracks and Wascana Lake, Reginas residential areas are typical of western Canadian cities, largely consisting of post-World War II single family dwellings on substantial lots, pleasant but undistinguished. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (768x1024, 120 KB) Summary http://www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (768x1024, 120 KB) Summary http://www. ... The Robert Simpson Company, or Simpsons, was a Canadian department store chain, founded by Robert Simpson in 1872. ... Eatons was once Canadas largest department store retailer. ... Big box store is a colloquial term used to describe a retail store housed in a rectangular, one-floor building with a high ceiling. ... For other uses, see Bay (disambiguation). ... The Globe Theatre in Regina, Saskatchewan, was founded in 1966 when Canadian Ken Kramer and British-born Sue Richmond Kramer received a $3000 grant from the Saskatchewan Arts Board to start a touring company for young audiences. ... Union Station 1911 Casino Regina, the former Union Station, is a grand tyndall and ashlar stone structure located on Saskatchewan Drive in Regina, Saskatchewan. ... For other uses of the name Cornwall Centre see Cornwall Centre Cornwall Centre is a shopping mall in downtown Regina, Saskatchewan. ...

The old "gingerbread" 1908 City Hall on 11th Avenue between Rose and Scarth Streets; Medical Arts Building in the background.
The old "gingerbread" 1908 City Hall on 11th Avenue between Rose and Scarth Streets; Medical Arts Building in the background.

Many buildings of significance and value were lost during the period from 1945 through approximately 1970: Knox United Church was demolished in 1951; the Romanesque Revival city hall in 1964 (the failed shopping mall which replaced it is now office space for the Government of Canada[28]) and the 1894 Supreme Court of the North-West Territories building at Hamilton Street and Victoria Avenue in 1965. More recently old buildings have been put to new uses, including the old Normal School on the Regina College campus of the University of Regina (now the Canada-Saskatchewan Soundstage) and the Old Post Office on the Scarth Street Mall. The Warehouse District, immediately adjacent to the central business district to the north of the CPR line, has become a desirable commercial and residential precinct as historic warehouses have been converted to retail and residential use.[29] Image File history File links City_Hall_on_Hamilton_Street_and_11th_Avenue,_circa_1915. ... Image File history File links City_Hall_on_Hamilton_Street_and_11th_Avenue,_circa_1915. ... Assiniboia Club Many historically significant and objectively beautiful buildings in Regina, Saskatchewan were lost during the period 1945 through approximately 1970 when the urge to modernize overtook developers and city planners sense of history and heritage. ... Romanesque Revival is a style of building in the late 19th century (roughly 1840 and 1900) inspired by the 11th and 12th century Romanesque style of architecture. ... The Government of Canada is the federal government of Canada. ... The Court of Queens Bench of Saskatchewan is the superior court for the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. ... Regina Normal School, Regina, Saskatchewan, 1914. ... Assiniboia Club Many historically significant and objectively beautiful buildings in Regina, Saskatchewan were lost during the period 1945 through approximately 1970 when the urge to modernize overtook developers and city planners sense of history and heritage. ...

Government House, Regina
Government House, Regina

The long-imperilled Government House was saved in 1981 after decades of neglect and returned to viceregal use,[30] the former Anglican diocesan property at Broad Street and College Avenue is being redeveloped with strict covenants to maintain the integrity of the diocesan buildings and St Chad's School[31] and the former Sacred Heart Academy building[32] immediately adjacent to the Roman Catholic Cathedral has been converted to tony townhouses. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Holy Rosary Cathedral is the Mother Church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Regina, Saskatchewan. ...


Events of national political importance which occurred in Regina include

  • the trial of Louis Riel (followed by Riel's execution) in July 1885;
  • the adoption in 1933 by the new CCF (now the NDP) of the Regina Manifesto, which set out the new party's goals[33];
  • the Regina Riot on 1 July 1935[34];
  • the 1944 election of the CCF under T.C. Douglas, the first social democratic government in North America[35] and a pioneer of numerous social programs – notably of course Medicare[36] – which were later adopted in other provinces and nationally; and
  • the Saskatchewan Doctors' Strike in 1962 when medical doctors withheld their services in response to the introduction of Medicare with the enactment of the Medical Care Insurance Act, 1961 (Sask.)[37]

Court House during the trial The Trial of Louis Riel was arguably the most famous trial in the history of Canada. ... The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was a Canadian political party founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, farm, co-operative and labour groups, and the League for Social Reconstruction. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ... The cover page of an original edition of the Regina Manifesto. ... The On-to-Ottawa Trek was a 1935 social movement of unemployed men protesting the dismal conditions in federal relief camps scattered in remote areas across Western Canada. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... CCF is an initialism that may stand for: A historic Canadian political party: the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation The Combined Cadet Force The charity organisation called Christian Childrens Fund Crédit Commercial de France, a French bank that is now a subsidiary of HSBC The Congress for Cultural Freedom, CIA... Thomas Clement Douglas, PC , CC , SOM , MA , LL.D(hc) (October 20, 1904 – February 24, 1986) was a Scottish-born Canadian Baptist minister until becoming a democratic socialist politician. ...

Geography and climate

Downtown Regina in winter: Victoria Avenue looking east; Avord Tower (on the site of the original Supreme Court of Saskatchewan, previously the Supreme Court of the North-West Territories, building) on the left; Saskatchewan Power Building on the right
Downtown Regina in winter: Victoria Avenue looking east; Avord Tower (on the site of the original Supreme Court of Saskatchewan, previously the Supreme Court of the North-West Territories, building) on the left; Saskatchewan Power Building on the right

Regina has a semi-arid continental climate (Koppen climate classification BSk) with warm, somewhat moist summers and cold, dry winters. Annual precipitation is 390 mm (17 inches), and is heaviest from June through August with June being the wettest month at 75 millimetres. The average daily temperature for the year is 2.8°C (37°F). The lowest temperature ever recorded was -50.0 °C (-58 °F) on January 1, 1885 while the highest recorded temperature was 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) on July 5, 1937.[38] Image File history File linksMetadata Downtown_Regina_in_winter. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Downtown_Regina_in_winter. ... The Court of Queens Bench of Saskatchewan is the superior court for the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. ... Semi-arid generally describes regions that receive low annual rainfall (25 to 50 cm /10 to 20 in) and generally have scrub or grass vegetation. ... The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... For other uses, see Celsius (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

East Regina Neighbourhood
East Regina Neighbourhood

The city is situated on a broad, flat, treeless plain. There is an abundance of parks and greenspaces: all of its trees — some 300,000[39] — shrubs and other plants were hand-planted and Regina's considerable beauty is entirely man-made.[40] As in other prairie cities, American elms were planted in front yards in residential neighbourhoods and on boulevards along major traffic arteries and are the dominant species in the urban forest. The streetscape is now endangered by Dutch elm disease, which has spread through North America from the eastern seaboard and has now reached the Canadian prairies; for the time being it is controlled by intense pest management programs and species not susceptible to the disease are being planted; the disease has the potential to wipe out Regina's entire elm population. [41] [42] Image File history File links Regina_aerial_street. ... Image File history File links Regina_aerial_street. ... Binomial name Ulmus americana L. The American Elm Ulmus americana is a species of elm native to eastern North America, occurring from Nova Scotia west to southeast Saskatchewan, and south to Florida and central Texas. ... Branch death, or flagging, at multiple locations in the crown of a diseased elm. ...

Demographics

Ethnic configuration of Regina according to the 2001 census
Ethnic configuration of Regina according to the 2001 census

According to the Canada 2006 Census: The population within Regina, Saskatchewans metropolitan area was 199,000 as of 2005 with an annual growth rate of 0. ... The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. ...

• Population: 179,246 (+0.6% from 2001)
• Land area: 118.87 km² (45.90 sq mi)
• Population density: 1,507.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,905 /sq mi)
• National population rank (Out of 5,008): Ranked 24
• Median age: 35.8 (males: 34.4, females: 36.9)
• Total private dwellings: 78,692
• Dwellings occupied by permanent residents: 74,803
• Mean household income: $57,500

References: Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

[43]


The Canada 2006 Census indicates Regina's ethnic configuration to be, in order of size: (1) German, (2) English, (3) Scottish, (4) Irish, (5) Ukrainian, (6) French, (7) Aboriginal, (8) Polish and (9) Norwegian, with a significant Asian and South Asian component as well, although actually the third largest constituency was, by numbers of respondents, undifferentiated "Canadian," indicating perhaps mixed ethnic background (though other explanations of this identification present themselves) and confirming the perception that Reginans in large number, like other western Canadians, do not particularly distinguish among themselves as to ethnicity. The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. ... English Canada is a term used to describe either: the anglophone residents of Canada or the Canadian provinces other than Quebec and, sometimes, New Brunswick, in which French is an official language of the provincial governments. ...

Religious affiliation in Regina according to the 2006 census
Religious affiliation in Regina according to the 2006 census

There are considerable difficulties with the ethnic configuration of Regina suggested by the 2001 Census. German is, apparently, by far the largest ethnic constituency but that contemplates separating persons of British Isles antecedents into English, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, Manx, Cornish and other British Isles ancestries. The identification of undifferentiated "Canadian" is unexplained and "American" is anomalously offered as an ethnicity. The designation "East Indian" excludes Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and other South Asians. In absolute numbers of Aboriginal population, Regina ranks seventh among Census Metropolitan Areas in Canada with an "Aboriginal-identity population of 15,685 (8.3% of the total city population), of which 9,200 were First Nations, 5,990 Métis, and 495 other Aboriginal."[44]


The 2006 Census indicates that religious affiliation is of reduced significance among Reginans, with fully 19.0% of Reginans identifying as having no religion; Protestant at 41.5%; Roman Catholic, 32.3%; Eastern Orthodox, 1.8%; other Christian (including Oriental Orthodox), 2.9% and other religion (including Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist and Jewish), 2.5%.[45] A more useful demonstration of religious realities would be to set out the decline in numbers of Christian parishes in recent years, especially among the historically predominant Protestant denominations of the United Church of Canada, Anglican Church of Canada and Presbyterian Church in Canada, as amply demonstrated by historic Saturday church advertisements in the Leader-Post, although with the construction of Resurrection Parish in East Regina, the Catholic Church continues to expand its base in the city. The United Church of Canada (French: lÉglise Unie du Canada) is Canadas second largest church (after the Roman Catholic Church), and its largest Protestant denomination. ... Anglican Church of Canada The Anglican Church of Canada (the ACC) is the Canadian branch of the Anglican Communion. ... The Presbyterian Church in Canada is the name of a Christian church, of Protestant, of presbyterian, and reformed theology and polity, serving in Canada under this name since 1875. ...


Crime

Maclean's magazine named Regina Canada's most dangerous city in 2008 edition.[46][47] The article used 2006 crime data from the Canadian Centre of Justice Statistics for the 100 largest communities in the nation. Regina's overall crime rate was 143.3% above the national rate. It lead the nation in aggravated assaults, and was third in break and enters and robbery. The article states that Regina would be in the top 10% of all US cities for break and enters and among the top ten (not percent, but among ten worst cities) of US metropolitan areas for robbery, along with Saskatoon and Winnipeg.


Economy

General Motors Factory, Regina, 1928
General Motors Factory, Regina, 1928

Oil and natural gas, potash,[48] kaolin, sodium sulphite and bentonite contribute a great part of Regina and area's economy. The completion of the train link between eastern Canada and the then-District of Assiniboia in 1885, the development of the high-yielding and early-maturing Marquis strain of wheat and the opening of new grain markets in the United Kingdom established the first impetus for economic development and substantial population settlement.[49] The farm and agricultural component is still a significant part of the economy — the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool, "the world's largest grain-handling co-operative" has its headquarters in Regina[50] — but it is no longer the major driver; provincially it has slipped to eighth overall, well behind the natural resources sectors. Modern transport has obviated the development of a significant manufacturing sector: the General Motors assembly plant north on Winnipeg Street, built in 1927 — when Saskatchewan's agricultural economy was booming and briefly made it the third province of Canada after Ontario and Quebec in both population (at just under one million people, roughly the same population as today[51]) and GDP — ceased production during the depression of the 1930s. It was resumed by the federal crown during World War II and housed Regina Wartime Industries Ltd., where 1,000 people were engaged in armaments manufacture.[52] It was not returned to private automotive manufacture after the war and became derelict. IPSCO Inc., a leading world producer steel of plate and pipe and as of July 2007 a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Swedish steel company SSAB, began in Regina in 1956 as Prairie Pipe Manufacturing Company Ltd; while the bulk of its assets and customers are now in USA and it has its operational headquarters in Chicago, Illinois, it retains its registered office and substantial manufacturing facilities in Regina.[53] Crown Life, a significant Canadian and international insurance company, transferred its national head office from Toronto to Regina in 1996 but was acquired by Canada Life in 1998 and the corporate head office returned to Toronto, though with assurances that the company would retain a strong presence in Regina.[54] The provincial government continues to be a major driver in the civic economy, though its relative importance is declining.[55] The Regina Research Park immediately adjacent to the University campus hosts several science and technology companies which conduct research activities in conjunction with University departments. Reginas industry was originally largely confined to activities associated with its agricultural hinterland. ... Synthetic motor oil being poured. ... For other uses, see Natural gas (disambiguation). ... Potash Potash (or carbonate of potash) is an impure form of potassium carbonate (K2CO3). ... Kaolin Kaolinite (Aluminium Silicate Hydroxide) Kaolinite is a mineral with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. ... In chemistry, sodium sulfite is a soluble compound of sodium. ... Bentonite - USGS Bentonite is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate generally impure clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite. ... An eastbound CPR freight at Stoney Creek Bridge in Rogers Pass. ... The District of Assiniboia was a regional administrative district of Canadas Northwest Territories. ... Saskatchewan Wheat Pool has a network of marketing alliances in North America and internationally which has made it the largest agricultural grain handling operation in the province of Saskatchewan. ... General Motors Corporation, also known as GM, is a multinational corporation headquartered in the United States and has been the worlds largest and most dominant automaker since 1931 till the second half of 2007, surpassed by Toyota; as well as the global industry sales leader for 77 years. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... Canada was hit hard by the Great Depression. ... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... Innovation Place is an initiative of the Province of Saskatchewan to construct and operate two research parks, one located near the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan and the second in near the University of Regina, in Regina, Saskatchewan. ...

Crime

Regina has long struggled with a crime rate among the highest in the country. Regina continues to struggle with violent crime, with a rate second only to sister city Saskatoon Saskatchewan. [56] Maclean's magazine named Regina Canada's most dangerous city in 2008 edition.[57][58] The article used 2006 crime data from the Canadian Centre of Justice Statistics for the 100 largest communities in the nation. Regina's overall crime rate was 143.3% above the national rate. It lead the nation in aggravated assaults, and was third in break and enters and robbery. The article states that Regina, along with Chilliwack and Victoria BC, would be in the top 10% of all US cities for break and enters, and, along with Winnipeg and Saskatoon, would be among the ten worst US metropolitan areas for robbery. A previous edition of Maclean's had singled out the North Central neighbourhood as Canada's worst place to live,[citation needed] and local blogs had criticized Saskatchewan for its high rate of violent crime before the Maclean's article. [59][60]


Culture

Main article: Culture in Regina
Royal Saskatchewan Museum
Royal Saskatchewan Museum

Regina has a rich cultural life in music, theatre and dance, amply supported by the substantial fine arts constituency at the University of Regina, which has faculties of music, theatre and plastic arts. At various times this has attracted notable artistic talent: the Regina Five were artists at Regina College (the University's predecessor) who gained national fame in the 1950s; Donald M. Kendrick, Bob Boyer and Joe Fafard, now with significant international reputations, have been other stars. The Regina Conservatory of Music operates in the former girls' residence wing of the Regina College building. Annual festivals in and near Regina through the year include the Cathedral Village Arts Festival; the Craven Country Jamboree[61]; the Regina Folk Festival[62]; the Regina Dragon Boat Festival[63]; and Mosaic, mounted by the Regina Multicultural Council,[64] which earned Heritage Canada’s designation of 2004 "Cultural Capital of Canada" (in the over 125,000 population category).[65] As in other cities and towns across Canada the annual Kiwanis Music Festival affords rising musical talents the opportunity to achieve nation-wide recognition. Regina, Saskatchewan has a rich cultural life in music, theatre and dance, amply supported by the substantial fine arts constituency at the University of Regina, which has a large fine arts department including faculties of music and theatre. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Regina Five was a name given to five abstract painters, Kenneth Lochhead, Arthur McKay, Douglas Morton, Ted Godwin, and Ronald Bloore, who displayed their works in the 1961 National Gallery of Canadas exhibition Five Painters from Regina. External links Regina Five at The Canadian Encyclopedia University of Regina... Donald M. Kendrick is the Calgary-born director of choral activities at Sacramento State University. ... Robert (Bob) Boyer (1948-2004) is a Canadian visual artist of aborginal heritage and university professor. ... Joe Fafard (born September 2, 1942) is a Canadian sculptor. ... Kiwanis International is a service organization whose mission is Serving the Children of the World. The organization was founded on January 21, 1915 in Detroit, Michigan by Joseph C. Prance (a tailor) and Allen S. Browne (a professional event organizer). ...

The Conexus Arts Centre
The Conexus Arts Centre

Regina lacked a large concert and live theatre venue for many years after the loss to fire of the Regina Theatre in 1938 and the demolition of the 1906 City Hall in 1964 at a time when preservation of heritage architecture was not yet a fashionable issue, though until the demolition of downtown cinemas which doubled as live theatres the lack was not urgent, and Darke Hall on the Regina College campus of the university provided a small concert and stage venue. (See Regina's historic buildings and precincts.) The default was remedied in 1970 with the construction of the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts (now the Conexus Arts Centre) as a Canadian Centennial project, a theatre and concert hall complex overlooking Wascana Lake which is one of the most acoustically perfect concert venues in North America[66]; it is home to the Regina Symphony Orchestra (Canada's oldest continuously performing orchestra[67]), Opera Saskatchewan and New Dance Horizons, a contemporary dance company.[68] The Royal Saskatchewan Museum (the present 1955 structure a Saskatchewan Golden Jubilee project[69]) dates from 1906.[70] The old Post Office at Scarth Street and 11th Avenue, temporarily used as a city hall after the demolition of the 1906 City Hall, is now home to the Globe Theatre, founded in 1966 as "Saskatchewan's first professional theatre since 1927."[71] Holy Rosary Roman Catholic Cathedral[72] and Knox-Metropolitan United Church have particularly impressive Casavant Frères pipe organs, maintain substantial musical establishments and are frequently the venues for choral concerts and organ recitals. Image File history File links Regina_concenarts. ... Image File history File links Regina_concenarts. ... Assiniboia Club Many historically significant and objectively beautiful buildings in Regina, Saskatchewan were lost during the period 1945 through approximately 1970 when the urge to modernize overtook developers and city planners sense of history and heritage. ... The Conexus Centre The Conexus Arts Centre, formerly known from 1970 till 2006 as the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts, is a theatre complex located within Wascana Centre in Regina, Saskatchewan. ... The Royal Saskatchewan Museum was established in Regina as the Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History in 1906 to secure and preserve natural history specimens and objects of historical and ethnological interest. ... The Globe Theatre in Regina, Saskatchewan, was founded in 1966 when Canadian Ken Kramer and British-born Sue Richmond Kramer received a $3000 grant from the Saskatchewan Arts Board to start a touring company for young audiences. ... Holy Rosary Cathedral is the Mother Church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Regina, Saskatchewan. ... Casavant Frères is a prominent Canadian company that builds fine pipe organs. ...


The Regina Public Library is a city-wide library system with nine branches playing key roles in their respective neighbourhoods. Its facilities include the RPL Film theatre which plays less mainstream cinema, the Dunlop Art Gallery, special literacy services and a prairie history collection.[73] The Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery in Wascana Centre and the Dunlop Art Gallery have permanent collections and sponsor travelling exhibitions.[74] Central branch of the Regina Public Library Regina Public Library[1] is a city-wide library system in Canada that serves the citizens of Regina, Saskatchewan by providing an open and accessible environment where anyone can access information for work, study, and recreation. ...


In the summer of 2006 downtown Regina was host to the "Regina Infringement Festival" which was geared towards more experimental, public performance. The Infringement Festival was a satellite festival spawned off of the Montreal Infringement Festival.


Parks and outdoor attractions

Regina has a substantial proportion of its overall area dedicated as parks and greenspaces, with biking paths, cross-country ski-ing venues and other recreational facilities throughout the city; Wascana Lake, the venue for summer boating activities, is regularly cleared of snow in winter for skating and there are toboggan runs both in Wascana Centre and downstream on the banks of Wascana Creek. Victoria Park is in the central business district and numerous greenspaces throughout the residential subdivisions and newer subdivisions in the north and west of the city contain large ornamental ponds to add interest to parks such as Rochdale, Lakewood, Lakeridge, Spruce Meadows and Windsor Parks; older school playing fields throughout the city have also been converted into landscaped parks.[75] 1920 Birds-eye view of Victoria Park, looking south towards Victoria Avenue. ...


The City operates five municipal golf courses, including two in King's Park northeast of the city. Kings Park Recreation facility is also home to ball diamonds, picnic grounds, and stock car racing. Within half an hour's drive are the summer cottage and camping country and winter ski resorts in the Qu'Appelle Valley with Last Mountain and Buffalo Pound Lakes and the four Fishing Lakes of Pasqua, Echo, Mission and Katepwa; slightly farther east are Round and Crooked Lakes, also in the Qu'Appelle Valley, and to the southeast the Kenosee Lake cottage country. The QuAppelle River is a river that flows 430 km east from Lake Diefenbaker in southwestern Saskatchewan to join the Assiniboine River in Manitoba. ... The Fishing Lakes are a chain of four lakes in the QuAppelle Valley cottage country some 40 miles to the northeast of Regina, Canada. ... Kenosee Lake is a lake in south east Saskatchewan, Canada. ...

Main article: Wascana Centre
Wascana Lake with downtown Regina
Wascana Lake with downtown Regina

Wascana Centre is a 9.3 square kilometre (2,300 acre) park built around Wascana Lake and designed in 1961 by Minoru Yamasaki — the Seattle-born architect best known as the designer of the original World Trade Center in New York — in tandem with his starkly modernist design for the new Regina Campus of the University of Saskatchewan.[76] Wascana Lake was created as a "stock watering hole" — for the CPR's rolling stock, that is — in 1883 when a dam and bridge were constructed 1½ blocks to the west of the present Albert Street Bridge. A new dam and bridge were built in 1908, and Wascana Lake was used as a domestic water source, to cool the city’s power plant and, in due course, for the new provincial legislative building.[77] Wascana Lake from the Willow Island Overlook Wascana Centre (formally established in 1962) is a 9. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 191 KB) Summary http://www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 191 KB) Summary http://www. ... This article is about the unit of measurement. ... Minoru Yamasaki (December 1, 1912 – February 6, 1986) was an American architect best known for his design of the World Trade Center. ... For other uses, see World Trade Center (disambiguation). ... This article focuses on the cultural movement labeled modernism or the modern movement. See also: Modernism (Roman Catholicism) or Modernist Christianity; Modernismo for specific art movement(s) in Spain and Catalonia. ... The University of Regina is a degree granting institution located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ... Lilium University of Saskatchewan - The University of Saskatchewan Centennial Lily by plant breeder Donna Hay. ... An eastbound CPR freight at Stoney Creek Bridge in Rogers Pass. ... Rolling Stock banner Rolling Stock was a newspaper of ideas and a chronicle of the 1980s published in Boulder, Colorado by Ed Dorn and Jennifer Dunbar Dorn. ... Albert Memorial Bridge with trolley bus and automobiles; Legislative Building in background The Albert Memorial Bridge, located on Albert Street in Regina, Saskatchewan, was built in 1930 and is rumored to be the longest bridge over the shortest span of water in the world. ...


By the 1920s with the Boggy Creek source of domestic water Wascana Lake had ceased to have a utilitarian purpose and had become primarily a recreational facility, with bathing and boating its principal uses. It was drained in the 1930s as part of a government relief project; 2,100 men widened and dredged the lake bed and created two islands using only hand tools and horse-drawn wagons.[78] During the fall and winter of 2003–2004, Wascana Lake was again drained and dredged to deepen it while adding a new island, a promenade area beside Albert Street Bridge, water fountains, and a waterfall to help aerate the lake.[79] Downstream from Wascana Lake in the northwest quadrant of the city Wascana Creek has a second weir with a smaller reservoir in A.E. Wilson Park. The 1920s they were sexy referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the [[. In East Asia, the rise of militarism occurred. ... The Wascana Lake Urban Revitalization Project—known locally as the Big Dig—was an $18 million project to deepen Wascana Lake in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ...


Bedroom communities

South shore of Mission Lake to the east of Fort Qu'Appelle, a summer resort of Reginans from the 1880s onwards, though here a photo of one of the infamous Indian Residential Schools.
South shore of Mission Lake to the east of Fort Qu'Appelle, a summer resort of Reginans from the 1880s onwards, though here a photo of one of the infamous Indian Residential Schools.

From its first founding, particularly once motorcars were common, Reginans have repaired to the nearby Qu'Appelle Valley on weekends, for summer and winter holidays and indeed as a place to live permanently and commute from. Since the 1940s, many of the towns near Regina have steadily lost population