This theory of punishment is based on the notion that punishment is to be inflicted on a offender so as to reform him, or rehabilitate him so as to make his re-integration into society easier. Punihsments that are in accordance with this theory are community service, probation orders, and any form of punishment which entails any form of guidance and aftercare towards the offender.
This theory is founded on the belief that one cannot inflict a severe punishment of imprisonment and expect the offender to be reformed and to be able to re-integrate into society upon his release. Although the importance of inflicting punishment on those persons who breach the law, so as to maintain social order, is retained, the importance of rehabilitation is also given priority.
For instance, women have not had access to various rehabilitation programs that have been available to male offenders, such as job training and psychological counseling.
Thus, prison industry was a mutually beneficial enterprise—prison officials considered prisoner labor as worthwhile and rehabilitative, and the prisons also profited from prisoner-made goods.
Despite the demise of the reformatory, the goal of rehabilitation became an accepted tenet of penal philosophy.
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