Modern-day Birmingham's cultural diversity is reflected in the wide variety of religious beliefs of its citizens. 79.2% of residents identified themselves as belonging to a particular faith in the 2001 Census, while 12.4% stated they had no religion and a further 8.4% did not answer the question. The word faith has various uses; its central meaning is similar to belief, trust or confidence, but unlike these terms, faith tends to imply a transpersonal rather than interpersonal relationship – with God or a higher power. ... Census 2001 is the name by which the national census conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 is known. ...

Early history

Before Christianity

Although there were no large Roman settlements in the immediate area of modern-day Birmingham, there was a fort at Metchley near the site of the University of Birmingham, and Icknield Street runs via this site through the western suburbs of the city. Thne of Canterbury|Saint Augustine]] had begun the conversion of England. However, under King Penda of Mercia, himself a pagan, Christian missionaries from Lindisfarne were allowed to preach in the kingdom (around 653) and following Penda's death, the rulers of Mercia became Christian and a Diocese of Mercia was created in 656. Part of this became the Diocese of Lichfield in 669 under Saint Chad. (Chad's relics were enshrined at Lichfield Cathedral until the Reformation after which they were kept in hiding until they were transferred to the new Catholic cathedral in Birmingham in 1841 [1]). See New Covenant for the concept translated as New Testament in the KJV. The New Testament (Καινή Διαθήκη), sometimes called the Greek Testament or Greek Scriptures, and sometimes also New Covenant, is the name given to the part of the Christian Bible that was written by various authors c. ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... The University of Birmingham is an English university in the city of Birmingham. ... Icknield Street or Ryknild Street is a Roman road in Britain that runs from Bourton on the Water in Gloucestershire where it connected to the Fosse Way, to Rotherham in South Yorkshire, it went via Alcester, Redditch, the area now covered by Birmingham (where a large fort was located), Lichfield... Stained glass window from the cloister of Worcester Cathedral showing the death of Penda of Mercia. ... A missionary is a propagator of religion, often an evangelist or other representative of a religious community who works among those outside of that community. ... Lindisfarne Castle Lindisfarne (Grid reference NU125421, , ), also called Holy Island (variant spelling, Lindesfarne), is a tidal island off the north-east coast of England, which is connected to the mainland of Northumberland by a causeway and is cut off twice a day by tides — something well described by Sir Walter... Events Pope Martin I arrested Sigeberht II the Good succeeds Sigeberht I the Little as king of Essex Aripert, nephew of Theodelinda, succeeds Rodoald as king of the Lombards Births Deaths Chindaswinth, king of the Visigoths Rodoald, king of the Lombards Abbas, uncle of Muhammad and his chief financial supporter. ... Events Ali succeeds Uthman as Caliph Battle of Basrah (also known as Battle of the Camel) Oswiu of Northumbria annexes Mercia Births Deaths Uthman ibn Affan, Caliph (murdered) Peada, king of Mercia (murdered) Categories: 656 ... The Diocese of Mercia was created by Bishop Diuma in around 656 and the see was settled in Lichfield in 669 by the then bishop, Ceadda (later Saint Chadd). ... Events Theodore appointed Archibishop of Canterbury Births Justinian II, Byzantine emperor Deaths Hasan ibn Ali, grandson of Muhammad and second Shia Imam Categories: 669 ... Chad of Mercia (Anglo-Saxon: Ceadda, pronounced chadda) (died March 2, 672) was a monk and priest in 7th century England. ... A relic is an object, especially a piece of the body or a personal item of someone of religious significance, carefully preserved with an air of veneration as a tangible memorial, Relics are an important aspect of Buddhism, some denominations of Christianity, Hinduism, shamanism, and many other personal belief systems. ... The West Front of Lichfield Cathedral Lichfield Cathedral is situated in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... St Chads Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral in Birmingham, England, dedicated to St Chad. ... take you to calendar). ...

The Medieval Church

Birmingham's original parish church St Martin's has been the site of a church since at least the 12th century, though the earliest parts of the present building date back only to around 1290. Within the modern city boundary, there are a number of other churches which date from the medieval period (although many, like St Martin's, were substantially rebuilt in the 19th century). They represent the original medieval parishes of the area, which were much larger than the modern parishes of the densely populated city. A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... For broader historical context, see 1290s and 13th century. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the medieval Diocese of Lichfield could be found St Peter & St Paul in Aston, St Bartholomew's in Edgbaston, St Mary's in Handsworth, St Peter's in Harborne, St Giles' in Sheldon and Holy Trinity in Sutton Coldfield, whilst St Laurence's in Northfield, St Nicolas' in Kings Norton and St Edburgha's in Yardley were in the Diocese of Worcester. In addition to these parish churches, there was St John's chapel of ease at Deritend founded in 1381 (demolished by 1961), which, though only a short stroll from St Martin's, was in the parish of Aston. Householders in Deritend and Bordesley had the unusual right to elect their own chaplain - a right they continued to enjoy until 1890 when a specific act of parliament was required to regularise the situation [2]. Aston is a district of Birmingham, England, though when both Aston and Birmingham were separate towns, Aston was for some time the larger of the two. ... Edgbaston constituency shown within Birmingham Edgbaston is an area in Birmingham, England, UK. It is also a formal district, managed by its own district committee. ... Handsworth is a suburb of Birmingham in the West Midlands, England. ... Harborne is an area of Birmingham, England. ... Sheldon is one of the 40 electoral wards in Birmingham, England. ... Map sources for Sutton Coldfield at grid reference SP1395 Sutton Coldfield constituency shown within Birmingham Sutton Coldfield is a part of the City of Birmingham, England. ... Northfield is the name of several places in the United States of America and the United Kingdom: Northfield, West Midlands UK Northfield, Connecticut, USA Northfield, Illinois, USA Northfield, Kentucky, USA Northfield, Maine, USA Northfield, Minnesota, USA Northfield, New Hampshire, USA Northfield, New Jersey, USA Northfield, Ohio, USA Northfield, Vermont, USA... See also: Kings Norton, Leicestershire King’s Norton is a district of Birmingham, England. ... Yardley constituency shown within Birmingham Yardley is an area in east Birmingham, England. ... The Diocese of Worcester is a shared name for several ecclesiastical territories, or dioceses, of Christianity: Anglican Diocese of Worcester, named for Worcester in England Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester, named for Worcester County in Massachusetts This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... A chapel of ease is a church building other than the main church of a parish which is more accessible to some parishoners than the main church. ... Events June 12 - Peasants Revolt: In England rebels arrive at Blackheath. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... Bordesley is an area of Birmingham, England. ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... In Westminster System parliaments, an Act of Parliament is a part of the law passed by the Parliament. ...

The other main religious organisations in medieval Birmingham were a priory founded in the early 13th century known as the Hospital of St Thomas (of Canterbury) on the site of today's Priory Queensway, and the Guild of the Holy Cross established in 1392, whose guildhall was on New Street. A priory is an ecclesiastical circumscription run by a prior. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... A physician visiting the sick in a hospital. ... St Thomas Becket (December 21, 1118 – December 29, 1170) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 to 1170. ... A guild is an association of people of the same trade or pursuits (with a similar skill or craft), formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards of morality or conduct. ... Events December 16 - Emperor Go-Kameyama of Japan abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu, ending the nanboku-cho period of competing imperial courts James of Jülich is boiled alive for pretending to be a bishop and ordaining his own priests Korean founder of the Joseon Dynasty General...

Christianity

According to the 2001 Census, 59.1% of Birmingham's residents identify themselves as Christian, a smaller percentage than the England and Wales average of 71.8%. A Christian is a follower of Jesus Christ. ...

Anglicanism

Birmingham is the st. Philip's.

Catholicism

Birmingham is the see of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Birmingham which has its cathedral at St. Chad's. See: Signing Exact English Visual perception Episcopal see Holy See This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Catholicism. ... The Archbishop of Birmingham is the Ordinary of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Birmingham in the Region of Great Britain. ... A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Anglican, Catholic and some Lutheran churches, which serves as the central church of a diocese, and thus as a bishops seat. ... Birmingham, England, has three cathedrals. ...

Following the Reformation, Catholicism was effectively outlawed in England, though there remained a number of recusants throughout this period. Several masshouses were established in the district in the 17th century, notably at Oscott around 1679 and in Birmingham itself on what is now called Masshouse Queensway in 1687, although this chapel was burnt down by an anti-Catholic mob the following year. After the process of Catholic Emancipation began in 1778, a Catholic church dedicated to Saint Peter was built on Broad Street in 1786 and Oscott College was founded as a seminary in 1794. The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages None official English de facto Capital None official London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked... Throughout English history, Recusancy was generally synonymous with nonconformism. ... Masshouse is a site within Birmingham, United Kingdom which is under development with the construction of 12 new highrise towers intended for public services, commerce and residential purposes. ... Old Oscott is an area of Great Barr, Birmingham, England. ... Events January 24 - King Charles II of England disbands Parliament August 7 - The brigantine Le Griffon, which was commissioned by René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the southern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Great Lakes. ... The city from above Centenary Square. ... Events March 19 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. ... MOB may refer to: M.O.B., hip hop group Mail-order bride Man overboard Marching Owl Band Mobile Regional Airport Montreux-Oberland Bernois, Swiss railway Movable Object Block, used in computer graphics See also Mob The Mob This page expands a three-character combination which might be any or... Catholic Emancipation was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century which involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics which had been introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the Penal Laws. ... 1778 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Peter, also known as Peter, Simon ben Jonah/BarJonah, Simon Peter, Cephas and Kepha—original name Simon or Simeon (Acts 15:14)—was one of the twelve original disciples or apostles of Jesus. ... Broad Street as seen from above Broad Street is a major thoroughfare to the immediate West of Birmingham city centre. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... St. ... A seminary is a specialized university-like institution for the purpose of instructing students in religion, often in order to prepare them to become members of the clergy. ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

When St. Chad's was begun in 1841 to a design by Augustus Pugin, it became the first Catholic cathedral in England since the Reformation. In the same period, Oscott College moved to a new building, also partly designed by Pugin, at New Oscott, and John Henry Newman, probably the most significant Catholic figure associated with Birmingham, founded the Birmingham Oratory. which moved to its present site in Edgbaston in 1852, and its associated Oratory School (1859). When the Catholic hierarchy was restored in 1850, Birmingham was made a diocese and the Catholic population of the town and surrounding district continued to grow throughout this period with a number of churches and religious houses being established. take you to calendar). ... Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (March 1, 1812–September 14, 1852) was an English-born architect, designer and theorist of design now best remembered for his work on churches and on the Houses of Parliament. ... New Oscott is an area of Birmingham, England. ... J H Newman age 23 when he preached his first Sermon John Henry Newman (February 21, 1801 – August 11, 1890) was an English convert to Catholicism, later made a cardinal. ... “Little Rome in Birmingham”, the Oratory Church, Hagley Road, Birmingham was built between 1907-1910 in the Baroque style as a memorial to Cardinal Newman, founder of the English Oratory. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Pope Pius XI blesses Bishop Stephen Alencastre as fifth Apostolic Vicar of the Hawaiian Islands in a Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace window. ...

The growth in Catholic numbers in the 19th Century was fueled partly by Irish immigration, and a mix of anti-popery and xenophobia led to some confrontations in the town, notably the Murphy Riots of 1867 (see here [3]). However, there was relatively little strife and Catholics in Birmingham began to be accepted by the establishment of the town. Birmingham became an archdiocese in 1911, and the Catholic population continued to grow along with the city, helped by further waves of immigration, primarily from Ireland, though Polish, Italian, Ukraininan and Vietnamese immigrants have all added to the diversity of the Catholic population. Historically, the words popery and popish have been used as derogatory terms for Roman Catholicism and Roman Catholic, respectively. ... Look up xenophobia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... In some Christian churches, the diocese is an administrative territorial unit governed by a bishop, sometimes also referred to as a bishopric or episcopal see, though more often the term episcopal see means the office held by the bishop. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... Ukrainians (Ukrainian: Українці, Ukrayintsi) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. ...

Today the number of Catholics in the archdiocese (which extends beyond Birmingham to take in the rest of the West Midlands, Warwickshire, Worcestershire, Staffordshire and Oxfordshire) has begun to fall from a peak circa 1980 (see here [4]). Nonetheless, Catholicism continues to play a significant role in the religious life of Birmingham, not least through the large number of voluntary aided primary and secondary schools in the city and Newman College of Higher Education in Bartley Green which trains Catholic teachers. The County of West Midlands is a metropolitan county in western central England, the United Kingdom, formed in 1974. ... Warwickshire (pronounced either /ˈwɔːɹɪkˌʃə/ or /ˈwɔːɹɪkˌʃɪə/) is a landlocked non-metropolitan county in central England. ... Worcestershire (pronounced ; abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... Oxfordshire (abbreviated Oxon, from the Latinised form Oxonia) is a county in south-east England, bordering on Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, and Warwickshire. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... In a voluntary aided school (many of which are church schools) the governing body, as opposed to the Local Education Authority, employs the staff, and decide admission arrangements but the school is nevertheless funded by the state and does not charge fees. ... Primary or elementary education is the first years of formal, structured education that occurs during childhood. ... Secondary school may refer to Secondary school in the United Kingdom, is the general term for the schools for children between the ages of eleven and eighteen in most areas (a few areas have schools for 13-18 year olds instead, and these are called upper schools). ... Newman College of Higher Education is a teacher training college in Birmingham, England. ... Bartley Green is an area of Birmingham, England. ...

The Orthodox Churches

The Dormition of the Mother of God and St Andrew, Birmingham is a Greek Orthodox cathedral under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople (Fener, Istanbul), via the Archdiocese of Great Britain and Thyateir The Dormition of the Mother of God and St Andrew is a Greek Orthodox cathedral in Birmingham, England, dedicated to the Dormition of the Mother of God and St Andrew. ... Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion Church of Greece, which has been autocephalous... The Patriarch of Constantinople is the Ecumenical Patriarch, ranking as the first among equals in the Eastern Orthodox communion. ... Satellite image of Istanbul and the Bosphorus Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul) is Turkeys largest city, and its cultural and economic center. ...

Judaism

BBC Birmingham]]0.2% of Birmingham's residents identify themselves as Jews. This is lower than the average figure for England and Wales of 0.5%. The Mailbox, current home to BBC Birmingham BBC Birmingham is one of the oldest regional arms of the BBC. It was the first region outside of London to start brodcasting both the corporations radio (in 1922) and television (in 1948) transmissions from the Sutton Coldfield television transmitter. ...

Birmingham's developing industry attracted Jewish settlers as early as 1730 and there was already a synagogue in a private house in the area of today's New Street Station in 1791, when a purpose-built synagogue was constructed in Hurst Street. The Singers Hill synagogue in Blucher Street, a listed building which is still used for worship today, was built in 1856. Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births April 16 - Henry Clinton, British general (d. ... Lesko synagogue, Poland A synagogue (Hebrew: בית כנסת ; beit knesset, house of assembly; Yiddish: שול, shul) is a Jewish place of religious worship. ... The tracks at the eastern end of Birmingham New Street station Class 390 no. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Buckingham Palace, a Grade I listed building. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

The Jewish population of the city grew in the late 19th century (from 730 in 1851 to 2,360 in 1871) with the influx of Jews from Eastern Europe which led to the founding of two further Orthodox synagogues. In the interwar period, a vibrant Jewish community existed in the area around Holloway Head in the city centre and Jews also settled in the Edgbaston and Moseley areas. This period also saw the founding of the city's Liberal synagogue in Sheepcote Street. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1851 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Orthodox Judaism is the stream of Judaism which adheres to a relatively strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics first canonized in the Talmud (The Oral Law) and later codified in the Shulkhan Arukh (Code of Jewish Law). It is governed by these works and the Rabbinical commentary... The Interwar period was the time between World War I and World War II, ergo the 1920s and 1930s. ... Edgbaston constituency shown within Birmingham Edgbaston is an area in Birmingham, England, UK. It is also a formal district, managed by its own district committee. ... Moseley Park during the 2003 festival Moseley is a suburb of Birmingham, England, located 2 miles to the south of the city centre. ... Liberal Judaism is a term used by some communities worldwide for what is otherwise also known as Reform Judaism or Progressive Judaism. ...

Redevelopment of the Holloway Head area after World War II and a general trend of movement to the suburbs led to Birmingham's Jews becoming more thinly spread across the city. In the same period, however, a voluntary aided school named after King David was established in Moseley, a successor to the city's previous Hebrew school which dated back to the mid-19th century. In recent years, the community has declined in number from around 6,000 in the 1930s to 2,343 in 2001. A number of Jewish families have emigrated to Israel and others are believed to have moved to the larger communities in London and Manchester. Blight often stands side-by-side with new structures during urban renewal efforts. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II... Housing subdivision near Union, Kentucky, a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio. ... David and Goliath by Caravaggio, c. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... Manchester is a city in the United Kingdom, famous for being the worlds first industrial city and considered by many to be UKs second city [1][2]. It is a centre of the arts, the media and big business. ...

Islam

In the 2001 census 14.3% of the Birmingham population identified themselves as Muslim. This is significantly higher than the average for England and Wales of 3.0%. A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish:Müslüman, Persian:مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages None official English de facto Capital None official London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked... For an explanation of often confusing terms such as Great Britain, Britain, United Kingdom, England and Wales and England, see British Isles (terminology). ...

The Muslim community in Birmingham is considered one of the most diverse after London with a wide spectrum of people originally from Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Although the earliest Muslims to arrive in Birmingham and England generally are said to have been from Yemen and the regions of India now known as Bangladesh, it is the Kashmiri community from Mirpur in Pakistan who form the largest group of migrated Muslims. The majority of the Muslims in Birmingham continue to be born abroad as more and more migrants arrive into the city although the number of British-born Muslims and those who convert to the faith are said to be near 50% of the total Muslim population. More recent Muslim settlers hail from Somalia, Kosovo and Algeria and neighbouring nations. London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... Africa is the worlds second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Current division of Europe into five (or more) regions: one definition of Eastern Europe is marked in orange Eastern Europe as a region has several alternative definitions, whereby it can denote: the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Central Europe and Russia. ... For other uses, see Kashmiri (disambiguation) Kashmiri is a Dardic language spoken primarily in Kashmir, an Asian region now split between India, Pakistan and China. ... Mirpur is a city of Azad Kashmir. ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Religious conversion is the adoption of new religious beliefs that differ from the converts previous beliefs; in some cultures (e. ... For other uses, see Kosovo (disambiguation). ...

The first mosque in Birmingham was the conversion of a terraced house in Balsall Heath but later a grand project was undertaken by Muslims of Indian and Pakistani origin with the development of the Birmingham Central Mosque in Belgrave Middleway, Highgate, which was conceived in the 1960s and then opened in 1975 to great acclaim as the largest mosque in Western Europe and has since cemented its role as one of Britain's largest and most prominent Islamic centres. The Badshahi Masjid in Lahore, Pakistan with an iwan at center, three domes, and five visible minarets A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... The city from above Centenary Square. ... Balsall Heath is a working-class inner-city area of Birmingham, England. ... Birmingham Central Mosque, Highgate Birmingham Birmingham Central Mosque, a Mosque in Birmingham, England, run by the Birmingham Mosque Trust, is one of the largest Muslim centres in Europe. ... View of Highgate, John Constable, 1st quarter of 19th century. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... A common understanding of Western Europe in modern times. ...

There are currently just over 200 mosques in the city, inluding purpose built places of worship, converted warehouses and cinemas as well as former homes, schools and centres. The other prominent mosques and Islamic centres in the city include the Central Jamia Masjid Ghamkol Sharif (located on Poet's Corner in Golden Hillock Road, Sparkhill), Markazi Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadith (a former grand library and now modern refurbished Islamic centre and mosque in Green Lane, Small Heath) and the 'Amaanah' or Bordesley Centre in Camp Hill run by the Muath Welfare Trust and recently renovated with a generous government grant to continue to provide educational and spiritual services to the large citywide Muslim community. The Bordelsey Centre was established by the city's Yemeni community. Poets corner Poets Corner is the name traditionally given to a section of the South Transept of Westminster Abbey due to the number of poets, playwrights and writers now buried and commemorated there. ... See also Birmingham, Alabama in the USA, and other places called Birmingham. ... A green lane is a type of road. ... Binomial name Coenonympha pamphilus Linnaeus, 1758 Small Heath (Coenonympha pamphilus) is a butterfly species, widespread in Eurasia and northwestern Africa. ... Camp Hill is a southern suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. ...

Birmingham is home to numerous Islamic schools and has a rich array of Muslim bookstores and libraries including the exhibition centres of the Islamic Propagation Centre International (IPCI), one of the country's longest running Islamic daw'ah (or propagation) organisations. The city also has a Shariah Council run by the Birmingham Mosque Trust. Birmingham Central Mosque, Highgate Birmingham Birmingham Central Mosque, a Mosque in Birmingham, England, run by the Birmingham Mosque Trust, is one of the largest Muslim centres in Europe. ...

(see also Islam in the United Kingdom) London Central Mosque in London off Regents Park Jamia Masjid, example of a typical small mosque in East Ham // History Islam is generally thought of as a recent arrival in Britain, but there has been contact for many centuries. ...

Hinduism

According to the 2001 census, 2.0% of Birmingham residents identify themselves as Hindu, about twice the England and Wales average figure of 1.1%. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Sikhism

2.9% of the population of Birmingham identify themselves as Sikh. The average figure for England and Wales is 0.6%. A Sikh man wearing a turban A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism, a religious faith originating in the Punjab. ...

The Sikh presence in Birmingham is largely due to immigration in the 1950s and 1960s, although there were Sikhs living in the city before and during World War II. The main organisation for Sikhism in Birmingham is the Council of Sikh Gurdwaras in Birmingham founded in 1989 which represents the city's gurdwaras. The 1950s were a decade that spanned the years 1950 through 1959. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Southall, UK. A Gurdwara (Punjabi: , or , ), meaning the doorway to God, is the Sikh place of worship and may be referred to as a Sikh temple. ...

One of the most prominent Sikh events in Birmingham is the annual celebration of Vaisakhi in Handsworth, where many of the city's Sikhs live. The celebrations in 1999 marking the 300th anniversary of the founding of the Khalsa were the largest Vaisakhi celebrations outside of the Punjab. Vaisakhi (Punjabi: , , also known as Baisakhi) marks the beginning of the new Spring year and the end of the harvest in India. ... Handsworth is a suburb of Birmingham in the West Midlands, England. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... Khalsa which means Pure is the name given by Guru Gobind Singh to all Sikhs who have been baptised or initiated by taking Amrit in ceremony called Amrit Sanchar. ... Punjab, 1903 Punjab Province, 1909 The Punjab (meaning: Land of five Rivers; also Panjab, Gurmukhi: ਪੰਜਾਬ, Shahmukhi: پنجاب) is a region straddling the border between India and Pakistan. ...

In 2004, there were violent protests by some Sikhs in Birmingham over perfomances of the play Behzti, which is set in a gurdwara. 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Behzti (in Punjabi, Dishonour) is a play written by the British Sikh playwright United Kingdom in December 2004 when the opening night was disrupted by a riot at the Birmingham Repertory theatre. ...

Buddhism

0.3% of the city's residents identified themselves as Buddhist, which is the same as the national (England and Wales) average. A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by...

Other Religions

Paganism

There are a number of pagan groups active in the Birmingham area: Urban Gothick Tree Wizards, the Insight Foundation, Templi Kalendae, Hedd Wyn's Grove, and the Pagan Association [5]. This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...

Sources

• Stephens, W.B. (ed.) (1964) "A History of the County of Warwickshire: Volume VII The City of Birmingham". Victoria County History
• Jewish Birmingham
• Birmingham City Council - Jewish Birmingham
• History of the Sikh Council
• Muslim Birmingham