Scotland, in common with the rest of the United Kingdom, is traditionally a Christian nation with around 70% claiming to be Christian. The Church of Scotland, also known as The Kirk, is recognised in law as the national church of Scotland, but is not an established church and is independent of state control in matters spiritual. The other major denomination is the Roman Catholic Church, which claims around 20 per cent of the population^[1] and is especially important in west central Scotland. There are also around 15,000 each of Baptists, Episcopalians and conservative Presbyterians, with smaller numbers of Quakers, Pentecostal, Gospel Hall and a growing number of independent churches. Judaism has been established in Scotland since at least the High Middle Ages. This article is about the country. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... Kirk can mean church in general or the Church of Scotland in particular. ... Scots law is a unique legal system with an ancient basis in Roman law. ... The term national church is usually a reference to a church organization in Christianity that claims pastoral jurisdiction over a nation. ... In English history, the Established Church is the Church of England, the church which is established by the Government, supported by it, and of which the monarch is the titular head; until 1920 it also held the same position in Wales. ... The Roman Catholic Church in Scotland describes the organisation of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church in the geographic area of Scotland, distinct from the Catholic Church in England & Wales and the Catholic Church in Ireland. ... Baptist churches are part of a Christian movement often regarded as an Evangelical, Protestant denomination. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as Quakers, or Friends, is a religious community founded in England in the 17th century. ... The Pentecostal movement within Protestant Christianity places special emphasis on the gifts of the Holy Spirit. ... A Gospel Hall is the name usually given to a special auditorium used for peaching of the good news. ... The earliest date at which Jews arrived in Scotland is not known. ... Dunnottar Castle in the Mearns occupies one of the best defensive locations in Great Britain. ...

In recent years other religions have established a presence in Scotland, mainly through immigration, though also partly through the attraction of converts. Those with the most adherents are Islam (mainly among immigrants from South Asia), Buddhism, Sikhism and Hinduism. Other minority faiths include the Baha'i Faith, Rasta and small Neopagan groups. There are also various organizations which actively promote humanism, rationalism and secularism, reflecting the 25% who claim to have no religious beliefs. Religious conversion is the adoption of a new religious identity, or a change from one religious identity to another. ... The arrival of Islam in Scotland is relatively recent. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ... A statue of the Sakyamuni Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India. ... Sikhism (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ), founded on the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev and nine successive gurus in fifteenth century Northern India, is the fifth-largest religion in the world. ... Hinduism in Scotland is of relatively recent provenance, with the bulk of Scottish Hindus having settled there in the second half of the 20th century. ... Known in India as the Lotus Temple, the Bahai House of Worship attracts an average of three and a half million visitors a year. ... Haile Selassie I The Rastafari movement, or Rasta, is a cultural value system that accepts Haile Selassie I, the former Emperor of Ethiopia, as God incarnate, whom they call Jah. ... Neopaganism or Neo-Paganism is any of a heterogeneous group of new religious movements, particularly those influenced by ancient, primarily pre-Christian and sometimes pre-Judaic religions. ... Humanism is a broad category of ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualities—particularly rationality. ... In epistemology and in its broadest sense, rationalism is any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification (Lacey 286). ... This article is about secularism. ...

History

Early Pictish religion is presumed to have resembled Celtic polytheism in general. The date at which Pictish kings converted to Christianity is uncertain, but there are traditions which place Saint Palladius in Pictland after leaving Ireland, and link Abernethy with Saints Brigid and Darlugdach of Kildare.^[2] Saint Patrick refers to "apostate Picts", while the poem Y Gododdin does not remark on the Picts as pagans.^[3] Conversion of the Pictish élite seems likely to have run over a considerable period, beginning in the 5th century and not complete until the 7th. Recent archaeological work at Portmahomack places the foundation of the monastery there, an area once assumed to be among the last converted, in the late 6th century.^[4] This is contemporary with Bridei mac Maelchon and Columba. The process of establishing Christianity throughout Pictland will have extended over a much longer period. Pictland was not solely influenced by Iona and Ireland. It also had ties to churches in England, as seen in the reign of Nechtan mac Der Ilei. The reported expulsion of Ionan monks and clergy by Nechtan in 717 may have been related to the controversy over the dating of Easter, and the manner of tonsure, where Nechtan appears to have supported the Roman usages, but may equally have been intended to increase royal power over the church.^[5] Nonetheless, the evidence of place names suggests a wide area of Ionan influence in Pictland.^[6] Likewise, the Cáin Adomnáin (Law of Adomnán, Lex Innocentium) counts Nechtan's brother Bridei among its guarantors. For the ancient tribe that inhabited what is now Scotland, see the Picts. ... Celtic polytheism refers to the religious beliefs and practices of ancient Celts until the Christianization of Celtic-speaking lands. ... The list of kings of the Picts is based on the Pictish Chronicle king lists. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... Palladius (fl. ... Abernethy Tower. ... Saint Brigid of Ireland Saint Brigid of Ireland (Bridget, Bridgit, Brigit; in English St. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ... For information about the holiday, see: Saint Patricks Day Saint Patrick (Latin: [2], Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Christian missionary and is the patron saint of Ireland along with Brigid of Kildare and Columba. ... Y Gododdin (The Gododdin), attributed to the 7th century poet Aneirin, is a series of 99 elegies to the men of the kingdom of Gododdin in north-eastern Britain who fell in the battle of Catraeth, thought to be Catterick in North Yorkshire, against the Angles, ca. ... Pagans may mean: Paganism, a belief in natural religion. ... Portmahomack is a small fishing village in Easter Ross, Scotland. ... Monastery of St. ... Bridei (or Brude), called MacMaelchon, was king of the Picts from 556 to 586 after the abdication of his cousin, Galam II. He was baptised by St Columba about 564. ... See Columba (disambiguation) and St Columb for other uses. ... Iona is a small island, in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Nechtan IV (also known as Nechtan mac Derile) was king of the Southern Picts from 706-724, and a member of the Strathclyde Dynasty. ... The Cáin Adomnáin (Law of Adomnán), also known as the Lex Innocentium (Law of Innocents) was promulgated amongst a gathering of Irish, Dal Ríatan and Pictish notables at a location known as Birr in 697. ... Iona Abbey Saint Adomnán of Iona (627/8-704) was abbot of Iona (679-704), hagiographer, statesman and clerical lawyer; he was the author of the most important Vita of Saint Columba and promulgator of the Law of Innocents. A popular anglicised form of his name is Saint Eunan... Bridei IV (Gaelic: Bridei mac Derile) was king of the Picts from c. ...

The ruins of the Cathedral of St Andrew in St Andrews, Fife.

Christianity probably came to Scotland around the second century, and was firmly established by the sixth and seventh centuries. However, until the eleventh century, the relationship between the Church in Scotland and the Papacy is ambiguous. The Scottish 'Celtic' Church had marked liturgical and ecclesiastic differences from the rest of Western Christendom. Some of these were resolved at the end of the seventh century following the Synod of Whitby and St Columba's withdrawal to Iona, however, it was not until the ecclesiastical reforms of the eleventh century that the Scottish Church became an integral part of the Roman communion. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... St Andrews cathedral ruins. ... For other uses, see St Andrews (disambiguation). ... This article is about the area in Scotland. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... The Synod of Whitby was an important synod which eventually led to the unification of the church in Britain. ... A separate article is titled Columba (constellation). ... Iona is a small island, in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. ...

The importance of monastic centres in Pictland was not perhaps as great as in Ireland. In areas which had been studied, such as Strathspey and Perthshire, it appears that the parochial structure of the High Middle Ages existed in early medieval times. Among the major religious sites of eastern Pictland were Portmahomack, Cennrígmonaid (later St Andrews), Dunkeld, Abernethy and Rosemarkie. It appears that these are associated with Pictish kings, which argues for a considerable degree of royal patronage and control of the church.^[7] Strathisla distillery in Keith, Strathspey Strathspey is the area around the valley of the River Spey, Scotland. ... Perthshire (Siorrachd Pheairt in Gaelic) was a county in central Scotland, which extended from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the north, Rannoch Moor and Ben Lui in the west, and Aberfoyle in the south. ... Dunnottar Castle in the Mearns occupies one of the best defensive locations in Great Britain. ... For other uses, see St Andrews (disambiguation). ... Dunkeld (Dùn Chailleann in Scottish Gaelic) is a small town in Strathtay, Perth and Kinross, Scotland, approximately 15 miles north of Perth on the A9 road into the Scottish Highlands and on the opposite (north) side of the River Tay from the Victorian village of Birnam. ... Abernethy Tower. ... Rosemarkie (Scottish Gaelic: ) (NGR: NH 736 576) is a village on the south coast of the Black Isle peninsula in northern Scotland, a quarter of a mile east of the town of Fortrose. ...

The Stone of Scone in the Coronation Chair at Westminster Abbey, 1855.

The Stone of Destiny (Lia Fáil) is also supposed to be the pillow stone said to have been used by the Biblical Jacob. In 1297 the Stone was captured by Edward I as spoils of war and taken from Scone to Westminster Abbey, where it was fitted into the old wooden chair, known as St. Edward's Chair, on which English sovereigns were crowned. Stone of Scone the Stone of Scone in the Coronation Chair at Westminster Abbey. ... Stone of Scone the Stone of Scone in the Coronation Chair at Westminster Abbey. ... The Stone of Scone, (pronounced scoon) also commonly known as the Stone of Destiny or the Coronation Stone (though the former name sometimes refers to Lia Fáil) is a block of sandstone historically kept at the now-ruined abbey in Scone, near Perth, Scotland. ... King Edwards Chair, sometimes known as St. ... The Collegiate Church of St Peter, Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a mainly Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral (and indeed often mistaken for one), in Westminster, London, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. ... The Stone of Scone, (pronounced scoon) also commonly known as the Stone of Destiny or the Coronation Stone (though the former name sometimes refers to Lia Fáil) is a block of sandstone historically kept at the now-ruined abbey in Scone, near Perth, Scotland. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library. ... This article is about Jacob in the Hebrew Bible. ... Events 8 January - Monaco gains independence. ... Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), popularly known as Longshanks[1], also as Edward the Lawgiver or the English Justinian because of his legal reforms, and as Hammer of the Scots,[2] achieved fame as the monarch who conquered Wales and tried to do the same to Scotland. ... Looting (which derives via the Hindi lut from Sanskrit lunt, to rob) is the inconsiderate taking of valuables triggered by a change in authority or the absence thereof. ... Scone is a large village, a mile north of Perth, Scotland. ... The Collegiate Church of St Peter, Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a mainly Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral (and indeed often mistaken for one), in Westminster, London, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. ... King Edwards Chair, sometimes known as St. ...

The cult of Saints was, as throughout Christian lands, of great importance in later Pictland. While kings might patronise great Saints, such as Saint Peter in the case of Nechtan, and perhaps Saint Andrew in the case of the second Óengus mac Fergusa, many lesser Saints, some now obscure, were important. The Pictish Saint Drostan appears to have had a wide following in the north in earlier times, although all but forgotten by the 12th century. Saint Serf of Culross was associated with Nechtan's brother Bridei. ^[8] It appears, as is well known in later times, that noble kin groups had their own patron saints, and their own churches or abbeys.^[9] St Peter redirects here. ... Saint Andrew (Greek: Ανδρέας, Andreas), called in the Orthodox tradition Protocletos, or the First-called, is a Christian Apostle and the elder brother of Saint Peter. ... Óengus (Scottish Gaelic: Óengus mac Fergusa), alternative translations: Onuist, Hungus or Angus, was king of Dál Riada and Fortriu from about 820 until 834. ... Saint Drostan (d. ... Culross Culross (pronounced Coo-ros) is a burgh in Fife, Scotland. ... Abbeys and priories in Scotland is a link page to any abbey, priory, friary or other religious house in Scotland. ...

That remained the picture until the Scottish Reformation was initiated in 1560 by John Knox, who was a Calvinist and the Church in Scotland broke with the papacy, and adopted a Calvinist confession. At that point the celebration of the Roman Mass was outlawed. When Mary Queen of Scots returned from France to rule, she found herself as a Roman Catholic in a largely Protestant state and Protestant court. For more information on the history of the Reformation in Scotland, see also Scottish Reformation, John Knox, Jenny Geddes, Book of Common Order, and Bishops' Wars John Knox regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformation The Scottish Reformation was Scotlands formal break with the papacy in 1560, and the events surrounding this. ... For other persons named John Knox, see John Knox (disambiguation). ... In an unadorned church, the 17th century congregation stands to hear the sermon. ... In an unadorned church, the 17th century congregation stands to hear the sermon. ... Mary, Queen of Scots redirects here. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... For other uses, see State (disambiguation). ... A royal or noble court, as an instrument of government broader than a court of justice, comprises an extended household centered on a patron whose rule may govern law or be governed by it. ... John Knox regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformation The Scottish Reformation was Scotlands formal break with the papacy in 1560, and the events surrounding this. ... For other persons named John Knox, see John Knox (disambiguation). ... Riot against use of prescribed prayer book The legendary Jenny Geddes famously threw her stool at the head of the minister in St Giles Cathedral, Edinburgh, beginning a riot which led to the Wars of the Three Kingdoms that included the English Civil War. ... 16th Century The Book of Common Order, sometimes called The Order of Geneva or Knoxs Liturgy, is a directory for public worship in the Reformed Church in Scotland. ... The Bishops’ Wars—Bellum Episcopale—refers to two armed encounters between Charles I and the Scottish Covenanters in 1639 and 1640, which helped to set the stage for the English Civil War and the subsequent Wars of the Three Kingdoms // The Scottish Reformation in 1560 was intended to settle the...

Modern Christianity

The Church of Scotland, also known as The Kirk, is recognised in law (by the Church of Scotland Act 1921) as the national church of Scotland, but is not an established church and is independent of state control in matters spiritual. The Church of Scotland is a Reformed church, with a Presbyterian system of ecclesiastical polity as determined in 1690. Prior to this date, Episcopalian and Presbyterian parties vied for control of the church (see Bishop's Wars). Throughout the 18th century, the Church of Scotland maintained its reformed theology and kept a tight control over the morality of much of the population. The Kirk had a significant influence on the cultural development of Scotland in early modern times. The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... Kirk can mean church in general or the Church of Scotland in particular. ... The Church of Scotland Act 1921 is an Act of the British Parliament, passed in 1921. ... The term national church is usually a reference to a church organization in Christianity that claims pastoral jurisdiction over a nation. ... In English history, the Established Church is the Church of England, the church which is established by the Government, supported by it, and of which the monarch is the titular head; until 1920 it also held the same position in Wales. ... The Reformed churches are a group of Protestant denominations historically related by a similar Zwinglian or Calvinist system of doctrine but organizationally independent. ... Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox. ... Ecclesiastical polity is the operational and governance structure of a church or Christian denomination. ... The Bishops’ Wars—Bellum Episcopale—refers to two armed encounters between Charles I and the Scottish Covenanters in 1639 and 1640, which helped to set the stage for the English Civil War and the subsequent Wars of the Three Kingdoms // The Scottish Reformation in 1560 was intended to settle the... The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... Theology finds its scholars pursuing the understanding of and providing reasoned discourse of religion, spirituality and God or the gods. ... Morality (from the Latin manner, character, proper behavior) has three principal meanings. ... Addressing the haggis during Burns supper: Fair fa your honest, sonsie face, Great chieftain o the puddin-race! Scottish culture is the national culture of Scotland. ...

The monarch (currently Queen Elizabeth II) is an ordinary member of the Church of Scotland, and is represented at the General Assembly by their Lord High Commissioner. This article is about the monarchy of the United Kingdom, one of sixteen that share a common monarch; for information about this constitutional relationship, see Commonwealth realm; for information on the reigning monarch, see Elizabeth II. For information about other Commonwealth realm monarchies, as well as other relevant articles, see... Elizabeth II in an official portrait as Queen of Canada (on the occasion of her Golden Jubilee in 2002, wearing the Sovereigns badges of the Order of Canada and the Order of Military Merit) Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary) (born 21 April 1926), styled HM The... The 2004 Assembly with Dr Alison Elliot as Moderator The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the sovereign and highest court of the Church of Scotland, and is thus the Churchs governing body. ... The Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the British Sovereigns personal representative to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (the Kirk). ...

Following political turmoil in 1688 and 1689 (see Glorious Revolution) those adhering to an Episcopal form of church government left or were expelled from Church of Scotland congregations, leading to the formation of the Scottish Episcopal Church, which now forms part of the Anglican Communion. The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (VII of Scotland) in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians and the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange), who as a result ascended the English throne as William... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ...

Divisions within Presbyterianism (see Disruption of 1843) in Scotland led to the setting up of other denominations including the Free Church of Scotland, an off-shoot from the Church of Scotland adhering to a more conservative style of Calvinism. In one sense the Free Church of Scotland dated its existence from the Disruption of 1843, in another it claimed to be the rightful representative of the national Church of Scotland as it was reformed in 1560. ... This article concerns the Free Church of Scotland 1843-1900, for the Free Church of Scotland existing from 1900 to the present day see Free Church of Scotland (post 1900). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Other denominations in Scotland include the Jehovah's Witnesses, Methodists, the Congregationalists, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The Methodist movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity. ... Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation indepedently and autonomously runs its own affairs. ... For other uses, see Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (disambiguation). ...

The second largest church in Scotland in terms of membership is the Roman Catholic Church which survived the Reformation, especially on islands like Uist and Barra, despite the suppression of the 16th to the late 18th centuries. Roman Catholicism in Scotland was strengthened particularly in the west of Scotland during the 19th century by immigration from Ireland. This continued for much of the 20th century, during which significant numbers of Catholics from Italy and Poland also migrated to Scotland. Some parts of Scotland (particularly the West Central Belt around Glasgow) have experienced problems caused by sectarianism, particularly football rivalry between the traditionally Roman Catholic team, Celtic, and the traditionally Protestant team, Rangers. The Roman Catholic Church in Scotland describes the organisation of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church in the geographic area of Scotland, distinct from the Catholic Church in England & Wales and the Catholic Church in Ireland. ... John Knox regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformation The Scottish Reformation was Scotlands formal break with the papacy in 1560, and the events surrounding this. ... The Uists are the central group of islands in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. ... Castlebay, Barra Traigh Eaig beach This article is about the island of Barra in Scotland. ... The Central Belt of Scotland is a common term used to describe the area of highest population density within Scotland. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... Sectarianism refers (usually pejoratively) to a rigid adherence to a particular sect or party or religious denomination. ... Soccer redirects here. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Celtic F.C. (pronounced seltic, not keltic) is perhaps the most famous Scottish football club. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... For other uses, see Rangers F.C. (disambiguation). ...

Other faiths

Glasgow Central Mosque, the largest mosque in Scotland.

Scotland has a relatively high proportion of persons, 28% of the population, who regard themselves as belonging to 'no religion'. Indeed, this was the second most common response in the 2001 census after The Kirk, outnumbering even Roman Catholics.^[10] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2288x1712, 820 KB) Glasgow Central Mosque in Glasgow, Scotland]] Photo taken by Finlay McWalter on September 4th 2005. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2288x1712, 820 KB) Glasgow Central Mosque in Glasgow, Scotland]] Photo taken by Finlay McWalter on September 4th 2005. ... Glasgow Central Mosque is one of the biggest Sunni mosques in Glasgow, and one of the largest in Glasgow // At present there are three Imams: Maulana Abdul-Ghafoor Esfandarani, Maulana Habib-ur-Rahman mousavi and Maulana Umar. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... This section does not cite its references or sources. ... Census 2001 is the name by which the national census conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 is known. ...

Islam is the next religious viewpoint after Christianity and nonreligious in Scotland, although it accounts for less than 1% of the population (estimated 50,000)^[10]. See Islam in Scotland. For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... The arrival of Islam in Scotland is relatively recent. ...

According to the 2001 census, approximately 6,400 practicing Jews live in Scotland, most of whom are centralised in Edinburgh and Glasgow, and to a lesser extent Dundee. Scotland's Jewish population continues to be predominantly urban. Despite the small numbers, Judaism in Scotland has a long history. While England during the Middle Ages had state persecution of the Jews, culminating in the expulsion of 1290 (it has been suggested that Jews may have arrived in Scotland after this date)^{[citation needed]}, there was never a corresponding expulsion from Scotland. Evidence of Jews in medieval Scotland is fairly scanty, but in 1190, the Bishop of Glasgow forbade churchmen to "ledge their benefices for money borrowed from Jews". [1] This was around the time of the Anti-Jewish riots in England so it is possible Jewish refugees lived in Scotland for a brief time, or it may refer to English Jews' interests in Scotland. Like many Christian nations, medieval Scots believed themselves to have a Biblical connection. The Declaration of Arbroath (6 April, 1320), which was sent as an appeal to Pope John XXII, confirmed Scotland's status as an independent, sovereign state and asserted its right to use military action when considered unjustly attacked. It was sealed by fifty-one magnates and nobles. It is still periodically referenced by British Israelitists. The text asserts that in the eyes of God: For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Dundee (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The earliest date at which Jews arrived in Scotland is not known. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... // March 1 - The University of Coimbra is founded in Lisbon, Portugal by King Denis of Portugal; it moves to Coimbra in 1308. ... Events March 16 - Massacre and mass-suicide of the Jews of York, England prompted by Crusaders and Richard Malebys kill 150-500 Jews in Cliffords Tower June 10 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowned in the Saleph River while leading an army to Jerusalem. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... The Declaration of Arbroath was a declaration of Scottish independence, and set out to confirm Scotlands status as an independent, sovereign state and its use of military action when unjustly attacked. ... Events January 20 - Dante - Quaestio de Aqua et Terra January 20 - Duke Wladyslaw Lokietek becomes king of Poland April 6 - The Scots reaffirm their independence by signing the Declaration of Arbroath. ... Pope John XXII, born Jacques Duèze or dEuse (1249 – December 4, 1334), was the son of a shoemaker in Cahors. ... British Israelism (sometimes called Anglo-Israelism) is a Christian theology based on the premise that many early British people, Europeans and/or their royal families were direct lineal descendants of the Lost Tribes of Israel and in some cases of the Tribe of Judah. ...

cum non sit Pondus nec distinccio Judei et Greci, Scoti aut Anglici

("there is neither bias nor difference between Jew or Greek, Scot or English")

The majority of Jewish immigration appears to have occurred post-industrialisation, and post-1707, meaning that Jews in Scotland were subject to various anti-Jewish British laws. Scotland was under the jurisdiction of the Jew Bill, enacted in 1753, but repealed the next year. Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Acts of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... (This page is part of the History of the Jews in England) During the Jacobite insurrection of 1745 the Jews had shown particular loyalty to the government. ... 1753 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

Modern Neopagan religions inspired by pre-Christian British and Celtic beliefs, such as Wicca, Neo-druidism and Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism have some adherents. While the culturally-based Neopagan traditions (such as Celtic Reconstructionism) may be quite comfortable with Christianity and open about their practices and beliefs, some members of traditions that place more emphasis on occult practices (such as Wicca and Ceremonial magic) tend to fear persecution and practice more discreetly. Neopaganism (sometimes Neo-Paganism, meaning New Paganism) is a heterogeneous group of religions which attempt to revive ancient, mainly European pre-Christian religions. ... For other uses, see Wicca (disambiguation). ... A group of British druids, congregating to celebrate the summer solstice at stonehenge. ... Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism (CR) is a polytheistic, animistic, religious and cultural movement. ... Celtic Reconstructionist Paganism (CR) is a polytheistic, animistic, religious and cultural movement. ... For other uses, see Occult (disambiguation). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ...

Religious leaders

• The Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland convenes the annual Assembly, but does not "lead", the Church of Scotland. The current (since May 2006) Moderator is Alan McDonald, the Minister of the joint parishes of Cameron and St Leonards, in St Andrews, Fife. Moderators are limited to serving 1 year in office. The Moderator-designate is nominated in October and takes office in the following May; the Moderator-designate for 2007 is the Rev Sheilagh M. Kesting.
• The de facto head of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland is the most senior archbishop (there are two archdiocese in Scotland: the Archdiocese of Glasgow and the Archdiocese of St Andrews and Edinburgh), currently Keith Michael Patrick O'Brien, Archbishop and Metropolitan of St Andrews and Edinburgh (see Bishops' Conference of Scotland).
• The presiding bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church is called the Primus. The current (since 18 May 2006) Primus is Idris Jones, Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway.
• The current (2006) Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland is Donnie Smith, Rector of Lima Evangelical Seminary, Lima, Peru.
• The current (2006) Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland (Continuing) is John MacLeod, Minister of Tarbat Free Church, Portmahomack.

The standard of the Moderator The Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is an honorary role, held for 12 months. ... Convener or Convenor is a Scots, and Scottish English, gender-neutral word that approximates chairman. ... The 2004 Assembly with Dr Alison Elliot as Moderator The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the sovereign and highest court of the Church of Scotland, and is thus the Churchs governing body. ... The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... The Rt Rev Alan D. McDonald LLB BD MTh is a Church of Scotland parish minister and Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland from the Assembly of May 2006 until May 2007. ... For other types of minister, see Minister In Christian churches, a minister is a man or woman who serves a congregation or participates in a role in a parachurch ministry; such persons can minister as a Pastor, Preacher, Bishop, Chaplain, Deacon or Elder. ... A parish is a type of administrative subdivision. ... For other uses, see St Andrews (disambiguation). ... This article is about the area in Scotland. ... The Rev Sheilagh Kesting is a Scottish minister and the first female minister to be nominated to be Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. ... The Roman Catholic Church in Scotland describes the organisation of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church in the geographic area of Scotland, distinct from the Catholic Church in England & Wales and the Catholic Church in Ireland. ... In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... In some Christian churches, the diocese is an administrative territorial unit governed by a bishop, sometimes also referred to as a bishopric or episcopal see, though more often the term episcopal see means the office held by the bishop. ... The Archbishop of Glasgow is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Glasgow. ... The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland. ... Keith Michael Patrick Cardinal OBrien (born March 17, 1938 in Ballycastle, County Antrim, Northern Ireland) is the current Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh, Scotland. ... The Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh. ... The Bishops Conference of Scotland is an episcopal conference for Roman Catholic bishops in Scotland. ... The Primus, styled The Most Revd the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, is the presiding bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church. ... The Most Reverend Doctor Idris Jones in procession at St Marys Cathedral Date: 31 May 2006 Photographer: Stewart D. Macfarlane The Most Reverend Idris Jones (born 1943) is a clergyman of the Scottish Episcopal Church, in which he serves as Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway and Primus of the... The Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway is the Ordinary of the Scottish Episcopal Diocese of Glasgow and Galloway. ... Moderator, a Latin word for he who moderates, can refer to: Moderator provinciae was the title of certain Roman provincial governors Moderator is a Scots, and Scottish English, gender-neutral word that approximates chairman or convener. ... This article concerns the Free Church of Scotland 1843-1900, for the Free Church of Scotland existing from 1900 to the present day see Free Church of Scotland (post 1900). ... The word rector (ruler, from the Latin regere) has a number of different meanings, but all of them indicate someone who is in charge of something. ... For the Ecuadorian artist, see Manuel Rendón Seminario. ... For other uses, see Lima (disambiguation). ... The Free Church of Scotland (post 1900) is that part of the original Free Church of Scotland that remained outside of the union with the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland in 1900. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      For other types of... Portmahomack (Scottish Gaelic: Port Mo-Chalmáig) is a small fishing village in Easter Ross, Scotland. ... A free church is a Christian church or denomination that is intrinsically separated from any government (as opposed to a theocracy or the state church). ... Portmahomack is a small fishing village in Easter Ross, Scotland. ...

Statistics

The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... This section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Roman Catholic Church in Scotland describes the organisation of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church in the geographic area of Scotland, distinct from the Catholic Church in England & Wales and the Catholic Church in Ireland. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... A statue of the Sakyamuni Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India. ... Sikhism (IPA: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ), founded on the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev and nine successive gurus in fifteenth century Northern India, is the fifth-largest religion in the world. ... The earliest date at which Jews arrived in Scotland is not known. ... Hinduism in Scotland is of relatively recent provenance, with the bulk of Scottish Hindus having settled there in the second half of the 20th century. ...

Notes and references

The Executives logo, shown with English and Scottish Gaelic caption The term Scottish Executive is used in two different, but closely-related senses: to denote the executive arm of Scotlands national legislature (i. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... UK Census 2001 logo A nationwide census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001. ... For the national legislative body up to 1707, see Parliament of Scotland. ...

References

• Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Church institutions: early medieval" in Lynch (2001).
• Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Scotland, the 'Nennian' Recension of the Historia Brittonum and the Libor Bretnach in Simon Taylor (ed.), Kings, clerics and chronicles in Scotland 500–1297. Fourt Courts, Dublin, 2000. ISBN 1-85182-516-9
• Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Nechtan son of Derile" in Lynch (2001).
• Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Columba, Adomnán and th Cult of Saints in Scotland" in Broun & Clancy (1999).
• Cross, F.L. and Livingstone, E.A. (eds), Scotland, Christianity in in "The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church", pp.1471-1473. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997. ISBN 0-19-211655-X
• Foster, Sally M., Picts, Gaels, and Scots: Early Historic Scotland. Batsford, London, 2004. ISBN 0-7134-8874-3
• Markus, Fr. Gilbert, O.P., "Religious life: early medieval" in Lynch (2001).
• Markus, Fr. Gilbert, O.P., "Conversion to Christianity" in Lynch (2001).
• Taylor, Simon, "Seventh-century Iona abbots in Scottish place-names" in Broun & Clancy (1999).

Dr. Thomas Owen Clancy is an American academic and historian who specializes in the literature of the Celtic Dark Ages, especially that of Scotland. ...

External links

• Church of Scotland
• Roman Catholic Bishops' Conference of Scotland
• Free Church of Scotland
• Scottish Baptist Union
• Scottish Episcopal Church
• Free Church of Scotland (Continuing)
• Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland
• United Free Church of Scotland
• Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Scotland
• The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Scotland
• Jewish Encyclopedia on Scotland
• Tarbat Discovery Programme with reports on excavations at Portmahomack.

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