René d'Anjou, René I of Naples (René I the Good, French Le bon roi René) (January 16, 1409–July 10, 1480), was duke of Anjou, count of Provence (1434–1480), count of Piedmont, duke of Bar (1430–1480), duke of Lorraine (1431–1453), king of Naples (1438-1442), king of Sicily (1434–1480) and nominal king of Jerusalem. French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ... January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 1 - The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English. ... July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining. ... Events Great standing on the Ugra river - Muscovy becomes independent from the Golden Horde. ... Counts of Anjou, c. ... The now-extinct title of Count of Provence belonged to local families of Frankish origin, to the House of Barcelona, to the House of Anjou and to a cadet branch of the House of Valois. ... Events May 30, Battle of Lipany in the Hussite Wars Jan van Eyck painted the wedding of Giovanni Arnoflini The Honorable Passing of Arms at the bridge of Obrigo The Portuguese reach Cape Bojador in Western Sahara. ... Events Great standing on the Ugra river - Muscovy becomes independent from the Golden Horde. ... In the middle of the 10th century, the territory of Bar (Barrois) formed a dependency of the Holy Roman Empire. ... Events May 23 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne The Ottoman Empire captures Thessalonica from the Venetians Year in topics 1430 in art Births Robert Morton, English composer, approximate date Antoine Busnois, Burgundian composer, approximate date Deaths Christine de Pizan... Events Great standing on the Ugra river - Muscovy becomes independent from the Golden Horde. ... The Duchy of Lorraine was an independent state for most of the period of time between 843 to 1739. ... Events February 21 - The trial of Joan of Arc March 3 - Eugenius IV becomes Pope May 30 - In Rouen, France, 19-year old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake. ... Events May 29 - Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire). ... The following is a list of monarchs of Naples and Sicily: See also: List of Counts of Apulia and Calabria Hauteville Counts of Sicily, 1071-1130 Roger I 1071-1101 Simon 1101-1105 Roger II 1105-1130 Hauteville Kings of Sicily, 1130-1198 Roger II 1130-1154 William I 1154... The following is a list of monarchs of Naples and Sicily: See also: List of Counts of Apulia and Calabria Hauteville Counts of Sicily, 1071-1130 Roger I 1071-1101 Simon 1101-1105 Roger II 1105-1130 Hauteville Kings of Sicily, 1130-1198 Roger II 1130-1154 William I 1154... Events May 30, Battle of Lipany in the Hussite Wars Jan van Eyck painted the wedding of Giovanni Arnoflini The Honorable Passing of Arms at the bridge of Obrigo The Portuguese reach Cape Bojador in Western Sahara. ... Events Great standing on the Ugra river - Muscovy becomes independent from the Golden Horde. ... This is a list of Kings of Jerusalem, from 1099 to 1291, as well as claimants to the title up to the present day. ...

Life

King René's castle in Tarascon

He was born in the castle of Angers, and was the second son of Louis II of Anjou, king of Sicily, and of Yolande of Aragon. He was the brother of Marie d'Anjou, who married the future Charles VII of France and became Queen of France. Download high resolution version (614x819, 106 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Download high resolution version (614x819, 106 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, etc. ... The Angevin French prince, Louis II of Anjou (1377 - 1417) was the rival of Ladislas as king of Naples. ... Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | People stubs ... Marie dAnjou Marie dAnjou ( 1404 - 1463) was the wife of King Charles VII, and queen consort of France. ... Charles VII the Victorious, a. ...

Louis II died in 1417, and his sons, together with their brother-in-law, afterwards Charles VII of France, were brought up under the guardianship of their mother. The elder, Louis III, succeeded to the crown of Sicily and to the duchy of Anjou, René being known as the count of Guise. By his marriage treaty (1419) with Isabel, elder daughter of Charles I, Duke of Lorraine, he became heir to the duchy of Bar, which was claimed as the inheritance of his mother Yolande, and, in right of his wife, heir to the duchy of Lorraine. René, then only ten, was to be brought up in Lorraine under the guardianship of Charles II and Louis, cardinal of Bar, both of whom were attached to the Burgundian party, but he retained the right to bear the arms of Anjou. Events Antipope Benedict XIII is deposed, and Pope Martin V is elected. ... Events January 19 - Hundred Years War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England which brings Normandy under the control of England. ... Isabella (1400 - February 28, 1453) was Duchess of Lorraine from 1431 to her death. ... Charles I (1364 - January 25, 1431) was Duke of Lorraine from 1390 to his death. ... In the middle of the 10th century, the territory of Bar (Barrois) formed a dependency of the Holy Roman Empire. ... The Duchy of Lorraine was an independent state for most of the period of time between 843 to 1739. ... Capital Metz Area 23,547 km² Regional President Jean-Pierre Masseret Population  - 2005 estimate  - 1999 census  - Density 2,310,376 98/km² Arrondissements 19 Cantons 157 Communes 2,337 Départements Meurthe-et-Moselle Meuse Moselle Vosges Lorraine ( German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... Burgundian is either of the following; An extinct language of the Germanic language group spoken by the Burgundians. ...

He was far from sympathizing with the Burgundians, and, joining the French army at Reims in 1429, was present at the coronation of Charles VII. When Louis of Bar died in 1430 René came into sole possession of his duchy, and in the next year, on his father-in-law's death, he succeeded to the duchy of Lorraine. But the inheritance was claimed by the heir-male, Antoine de Vaudemont, who with Burgundian help defeated René at Bulgneville in July 1431. The Duchess Isabel effected a truce with Antoine de Vaudemont, but the duke remained a prisoner of the Burgundians until April 1432, when he recovered his liberty on parole on yielding up as hostages his two sons, Jean and Louis of Anjou. Location within France Reims (English traditionally Rheims) (pronounced in French) is a city of northern France, 144 km. ... Events January 10 - Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, founds the European Order of the Golden Fleece February 12 - Battle of Rouvray (or of the Herrings). English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the Earl of Suffolks army at Orleans from attack by... Events May 23 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne The Ottoman Empire captures Thessalonica from the Venetians Year in topics 1430 in art Births Robert Morton, English composer, approximate date Antoine Busnois, Burgundian composer, approximate date Deaths Christine de Pizan... Events February 21 - The trial of Joan of Arc March 3 - Eugenius IV becomes Pope May 30 - In Rouen, France, 19-year old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake. ... Events June 1 - Battle of San Romano - Florence defeats Siena foundation of Université de Caen In the end of the Hook and Cod wars, Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut and Holland is forced by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to abdicate all her estates in his favour; end of Hainaut... John II of Anjou (1425 - 1470, in Barcelona) was Duke of Lorraine from 1453 to his death. ...

His title as duke of Lorraine was confirmed by his suzerain, the Emperor Sigismund, at Basel in 1434. This proceeding roused the anger of the Burgundian duke, Philip the Good, who required him early in the next year to return to his prison, from which he was released two years later on payment of a heavy ransom. He had succeeded to the kingdom of Naples through the deaths of his brother Louis III and of Joan II, queen of Naples, the last heir of the earlier dynasty. Louis had been adopted by her in 1431, and she now left her inheritance to René. Suzerainty refers to a situation in which a region or people is a tributary to a more powerful entity which allows the tributary some limited domestic autonomy but controls its foreign affairs. ... Sigismund (February 14/15, 1368 - December 9, 1437) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 to 1437. ... Basel (English traditionally: Basle [ba:l], German: Basel [ba:z@l], French Bâle [ba:l], Italian Basilea [bazilE:a]) is Switzerlands third most populous city (188,000 inhabitants in the canton of Basel-City as of 2004; the 690,000 inhabitants in the conurbation stretching across the immediate... Events May 30, Battle of Lipany in the Hussite Wars Jan van Eyck painted the wedding of Giovanni Arnoflini The Honorable Passing of Arms at the bridge of Obrigo The Portuguese reach Cape Bojador in Western Sahara. ... Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (Philip the Good or Philippe le Bon) (1396–1467) was Duke of Burgundy from 1419 until his death. ... Joan II of Naples (1371-1435), was Queen from 1414 to 1435. ... Events February 21 - The trial of Joan of Arc March 3 - Eugenius IV becomes Pope May 30 - In Rouen, France, 19-year old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake. ...

The marriage of Marie de Bourbon, niece of Philip of Burgundy, with John, duke of Calabria, René's eldest son, cemented peace between the two princes. After appointing a regency in Bar and Lorraine, he visited his provinces of Anjou and Provence, and in 1438 set sail for Naples, which had been held for him by the Duchess Isabel. A regency is a period when a regent holds power in the name of the current monarch. ... Events Pachacuti who would later create Tahuantinsuyu, or Inca Empire became the ruler of Cuzco January 1 - Hungary March 18 - Germany Eric of Pomerania, King of Sweden, Denmark and Norway looses direct control of Sweden. ...

René's captivity, and the poverty of the Angevin resources due to his ransom, enabled Alfonso V of Aragon, who had been first adopted and then repudiated by Joan II, to make some headway in the kingdom of Naples, especially as he was already in possession of the island of Sicily. In 1441 Alfonso laid siege to Naples, which he sacked after a six months' siege. René returned to France in the same year, and though he retained the title of king of Naples his effective rule was never recovered. Later efforts to recover his rights in Italy failed. His mother Yolande, who had governed Anjou in his absence, died in 1442. René took part in the negotiations with the English at Tours in 1444, and peace was consolidated by the marriage of his younger daughter, Margaret, with Henry VI of England at Nancy. Alfonso V of Aragon (also Alfonso I of Naples) (1396 - June 27, 1458), surnamed the Magnanimous, was the King of Aragon and Naples and count of Barcelona from 1416 to 1458. ... This page is about the year 1441. ... The Italian Republic or Italy (Italian: Repubblica Italiana or Italia) is a country in southern Europe. ... Events The community of Rauma, Finland was granted its town rights. ... Location within France Tours is a city in France, the préfecture (capital city) of the Indre-et-Loire département, on the lower reaches of the river Loire, between Orléans and the Atlantic coast. ... Events March 1 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ... Margaret of Anjou (March 23, 1429 - August 25, 1482) was the Queen consort of Henry VI of England from 1445 to 1471, and a major proponent in the Wars of the Roses. ... This article is about the English king. ... This article is about the city in France named Nancy. ...

René now made over the government of Lorraine to John, duke of Calabria, who was, however, only formally installed as duke of Lorraine on the death of Queen Isabel In 1453. René had the confidence of Charles VII, and is said to have initiated the reduction of the men-at-arms set on foot by the king, with whose military operations against the English he was closely associated. He entered Rouen with him in November 1449, and was also with him at Formigny and Caen. Events May 29 - Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire). ... Location within France Rouen (pronounced in French, sometimes also ) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northern France, and presently the capital of the Upper Normandy région. ... Events January 6 - Constantine XI is crowned Byzantine Emperor. ... The Battle of Formigny (April 15, 1450) was a clash of the Hundred Years War. ... Location within France Caen is a city and a commune of northwestern France. ...

After his second marriage with Jeanne de Laval, daughter of Guy XIV, count of Laval, and Isabel of Brittany, René took a less active part in public affairs, and devoted himself more to artistic and literary pursuits. The fortunes of his house declined in his old age. The duke of Calabria, after repeated misfortunes in Italy, was offered the crown of Aragon in 1467, but died, apparently by poison, at Barcelona on the December 16, 1470; the duke's eldest son Nicholas perished in 1473, also under suspicion of poisoning; René's daughter Margaret was a refugee from England, her son Prince Edward was murdered in 1471, and she herself became a prisoner, to be rescued by Louis XI in 1476. His only surviving male descendant was then René II, Duke of Lorraine, son of his daughter Yolande, comtesse de Vaudemont, who was gained over to the party of Louis XI, who suspected the king of Sicily of complicity with his enemies, the duke of Brittany and the Constable Saint-Pol. Events October 29 - Battle of Brusthem: Charles the Bold defeats Liege Beginning of the Sengoku Period in Japan. ... Barcelona within Barcelonès Population ( 2003) 1,582,738 Area 1004 Km2 Population density ( 2001) 15,764/Km2 Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia, an autonomous region in northeastern Spain (41º 23 N, 2º 11 E). ... Events May 15 - Charles VIII of Sweden who had served three terms as King of Sweden dies. ... Events Ottoman sultan Mehmed II defeats the White Sheep Turkmens lead by Uzun Hasan at Otlukbeli Axayacatl, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan invades the territory of neighboring Aztec city of Tlatelolco. ... Edward of Westminster (October 13, 1453 - May 4, 1471) was the only Prince of Wales ever to die in battle. ... This article is about the year 1471, not the BT caller ID service accessible by dialling 1-4-7-1. ... Louis XI Louis XI the Prudent (French: Louis XI le Prudent) (July 3, 1423 - August 30, 1483), also informally nicknamed luniverselle aragne (old French for universal spider), was a King of France (1461 - 1483). ... Events March 2 - Battle of Grandson. ... René II ( May 2, 1451 – December 10, 1508) was Duke of Lorraine and Bar from 1473 to his death. ... The Duchy of Brittany was an independent state from 841 to 1532. ...

René retired to Provence, and in 1474 made a will by which he left Bar to his grandson René II, duke of Lorraine; Anjou and Provence to his nephew Charles, count of Le Maine. Louis seized Anjou and Bar, and two years later sought to compel the king of Sicily to exchange the two duchies for a pension. The offer was rejected, but further negotiations assured the lapse to the crown of the duchy of Anjou, and the annexation of Provence was only postponed until the death of the count of Le Maine. René died on July 10, 1480 in Aix-en-Provence. He was buried in the cathedral of Angers. Events December 12 - Upon the death of Henry IV of Castile a civil war ensues between his designated successor Isabella I of Castile and her sister Juana who was supported by her husband, Alfonso V of Portugal. ...

His charities having earned for him the title of " the good." He founded an order of chivalry, the Ordre du Croissant, which was anterior to the royal foundation of St Michael, but did not survive René.

René and the arts

The king of Sicily's fame as an amateur of painting has led to the attribution to him of many old paintings in Anjou and Provence, in many cases simply because they bear his arms. These works are generally in the Flemish style, and were probably executed under his patronage and direction, so that he may be said to have formed a school of the fine arts in sculpture, painting, gold work and tapestry. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Two of the most famous works formerly attributed to René are the triptych, the "Burning Bush," in the cathedral of Aix, showing portraits of René and his second wife, Jeanne de Laval, and an illuminated Book of Hours in the Bibliothèque nationale, Paris. The "Burning Bush" was in fact the work of Nicolas Froment, a painter of Avignon. Among the men of letters attached to his court was Antoine de la Sale, whom he made tutor to his son, the duke of Calabria. He encouraged the performance of mystery plays; on the performance of a mystery of the Passion at Saumur in 1462 he remitted four years of taxes to the town, and the representations of the Passion at Angers were carried out under his auspices. Categories: Stub | Painting ... A illuminated page from the Tr Riches Heures showing the day for exchanging gifts from the month of January A Book of Hours is the most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscript. ... The new buildings of the library. ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... This article is about the city in France, for the Municipality in Quebec, see Avignon Regional County Municipality, Quebec. ... Mystery plays are one of the earliest formally developed plays in medieval Europe. ... This article describes the biblical Passion. ... Saumur is a small city and commune in the Maine-et-Loire département of France on the Loire River, with an approximate population of 30,000 (in 2001). ... Events Settlers from Portugal begin to settle the Cape Verde islands. ...

He exchanged verses with his kinsman, the poet Charles of Orleans. The best of his poems is the idyl of Regnault and Jeanneton, representing his own courtship of Jeanne de Laval. Le Livre des tournois, a book of ceremonial, and the allegorical romance, "Conquests qu'un chevalier nomme le Cuer d'amour espris feist d'une dame appelee Doulce Mercy", with other works ascribed to him, were perhaps dictated to his secretaries, or at least compiled under his direction. Charles of Valois (1391-1465) became Duke of Orléans in 1407, following the murder of his father, Louis of Valois. ...

Marriages and issue

René married:

1. Isabelle de Lorraine (1410– February 28, 1453) in 1420
2. Jeanne de Laval, on September 10, 1454,, at the Abbey of St. Nicholas in Angers

Children (from Isabelle): Isabella (1400 - February 28, 1453) was Duchess of Lorraine from 1431 to her death. ...

• Louis (1427–1443)
• Yolande (1428–1483)
• Duke John II of Lorraine
• Margaret (1429–1482), who became Queen consort of Henry VI of England.

John II of Anjou (1425 - 1470, in Barcelona) was Duke of Lorraine from 1453 to his death. ... Margaret of Anjou (March 23, 1429 - August 25, 1482) was the Queen consort of Henry VI of England from 1445 to 1471, and a major proponent in the Wars of the Roses. ... This article is about the English king. ...

Miscellaneous

He appears as "Reignier" in the history play of William Shakespeare, Henry VI, part 1. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... King Henry VI Part 1 is one of the history plays of William Shakespeare. ...

Agnès Sorel, the future mistress of Charles VII was holding a position in René's household when Charles met her. Agnès Sorel was the model for this Virgin and Child Surrounded by Angels, by Jean Fouquet (c. ...

He spent 8 years in Naples, and later spent his time between his castles in Angers, Tarascon and Aix-en-Provence. Front of Tarascon Castle. ... Aix (prounounced eks), or, to distinguish it from other cities built over hot springs, Aix-en-Provence is a city in southern France, some 30 km north of Marseille. ...

See also

• Monarchs of Naples and Sicily
• List of Counts and Dukes of Anjou
• Dukes of Lorraine family tree

The following is a list of monarchs of Naples and Sicily: See also: List of Counts of Apulia and Calabria Hauteville Counts of Sicily, 1071-1130 Roger I 1071-1101 Simon 1101-1105 Roger II 1105-1130 Hauteville Kings of Sicily, 1130-1198 Roger II 1130-1154 William I 1154... Counts of Anjou, c. ... This is a family tree of the Duchy of Lorraine. ...

Charles I (1364 - January 25, 1431) was Duke of Lorraine from 1390 to his death. ... The Duchy of Lorraine was an independent state for most of the period of time between 843 to 1739. ... Isabella (1400 - February 28, 1453) was Duchess of Lorraine from 1431 to her death. ... John II of Anjou (1425 - 1470, in Barcelona) was Duke of Lorraine from 1453 to his death. ... Counts of Anjou, c. ... Joan II of Naples (1371-1435), was Queen from 1414 to 1435. ... The following is a list of monarchs of Naples and Sicily: See also: List of Counts of Apulia and Calabria Hauteville Counts of Sicily, 1071-1130 Roger I 1071-1101 Simon 1101-1105 Roger II 1105-1130 Hauteville Kings of Sicily, 1130-1198 Roger II 1130-1154 William I 1154... Alfonso V of Aragon (also Alfonso I of Naples) (1396 - June 27, 1458), surnamed the Magnanimous, was the King of Aragon and Naples and count of Barcelona from 1416 to 1458. ...

External links and references

• Website about Rene I of Naples (http://www.guice.org/renendex.html)
• King René's Tournament Book (http://www.princeton.edu/~ezb/rene/renehome.html)
• This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.