afferent circulation: Renal artery → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Cortical radial arteries → Afferent arterioles → Renal corpuscle (Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule) The urinary system is the organ system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine. ... It has been suggested that Renal anomalies and Renal plasma threshold be merged into this article or section. ... The kidney and the adipose capsule are enclosed in a sheath of fibrous tissue continuous with the subperitoneal fascia, and named the renal fascia (also known as Gerotas fascia). ... The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. ... The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. ... The renal column is tissue between the renal pyramids that allows for support of the renal cortex. ... The renal sinus is a cavity within the kidney which is occupied by the renal pelvis, renal calices, blood vessels, nerves and fat. ... Renal pyramids are cone-shaped tissues of the kidney. ... The renal lobe is a portion of a kidney consisting of a renal pyramid and the renal cortex above it. ... A cortical lobule (or renal lobule) is a part of a renal lobe. ... The medullary ray is the middle part of the cortical lobule or renal lobule, consisting of a group of straight tubes to the collecting ducts. ... A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. ... Grays Fig. ... Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The renal arteries normally arise off the abdominal aorta and supply the kidneys with blood. ... The interlobar arteries are vessels of the renal circulation which supply the renal lobes. ... The arcuate arteries of the kidney are vessels of the renal circulation. ... The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arterial arcade looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they... The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. ... A renal corpuscle is the initial filtering component of a nephron in the kidney. ... Glomerulus refers to two unrelated structures in the body, both named for their globular form. ... The Bowmans capsule is a blind sac at the beginning of a the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney. ...

kidney tubule: Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle (Descending, Thin ascending, Thick ascending)  → Distal convoluted tubule → Connecting tubule → Collecting ducts → Duct of Bellini → Renal papilla → Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis → Ureter The kidney tubule (or renal tubule) is the portion of the kidney containing the fluid filtered through the glomerulus. ... In the biology of the kidney, the proximal convoluted tubule is the segment of the renal tubule that drains Bowmans capsule. ... In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. ... The descending limb of loop of Henle is the portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle. ... As the filtrate passes back up the thin ascending limb of loop of Henle, the concentration of the surrounding medulla decreases. ... The thick ascending limb of loop of Henle (or distal straight tubule) can be divided into two parts: that in the renal medulla, and that in the renal cortex. ... Kidney nephron The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system. ... In the kidney, the collecting tubule (CNT, or junctional tubule, or arcuate renal tubule) is a tubular segment of the renal collecting duct system that connects the distal convoluted tubule to the cortical collecting duct. ... The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of: The connecting tubule The cortical collecting duct The medullary collecting duct Categories: | ... Position of the duct of Bellini in the kidney The duct of Bellini is an anatomical structure of the kidneys, also known as papillary duct. ... In the kidney, the renal papilla is the location where the papillary ducts converge at a minor calyx. ... The minor calyx surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. ... The major calyx surrounds the apex of the the malpighian pyramids. ... The renal pelvis represents the dilated proximal part of the ureter. ... Transverse section of ureter. ...

efferent circulation: Glomerulus → Efferent arterioles → Peritubular capillaries/Vasa recta → Arcuate vein→ Interlobar veins→ Renal vein Grays Fig. ... The glomerulus is a capillary bed found surrounded by the Bowmans capsule of the nephron in the vertebrate kidney. ... The Efferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that are part of the urinary system of many animals. ... In the renal system, peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels that travel along side nephrons allowing reabsorbtion and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron. ... A nephron, the vasa recta is labelled arteria recta In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta form a series of straight capillaries (recta is from the Latin for straight) that descend from the cortex into the medulla. ... The arcuate vein is a vessel of the renal circulation. ... The interlobar veins are vessels of the renal circulation which drain the renal lobes. ... Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ...

juxtaglomerular apparatus: Macula densa, Juxtaglomerular cells, Extraglomerular mesangial cells The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a renal structure consisting of the macula densa, mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells. ... In the kidney, the macula densa is an area of closely packed specialized cells lining the distal convoluted tubule where it lies next to the glomerular vascular pole. ... The juxtaglomerular cells are specialized cells that stimulate the secretion of the adrenal hormone aldosterone and play a major role in renal autoregulation, the kidneys self-governance. ... Extraglomerular mesangial cells (or lacis cells) are light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa. ...

filtration: Glomerular basement membrane - Podocyte - Filtration slits - Intraglomerular mesangial cells The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the podocytes , separating the blood on the inside from the urine on the outside. ... Podocytes are cells of the visceral epithelium in the kidneys and form a crucial component of the glomerular filtration barrier by covering the exterior basement surface of the glomerular capillary and maintaining a massive filtration surface. ... Foot processes of podocytes interdigitate with one another forming filtration slits (or slit pores) that, in contrast to those in the glomerular endothelium, are spanned by diaphragms. ... Intraglomerular mesangial cells are specialized pericytes located among the glomerular capillaries within a renal corpuscle. ...