Categories: Cardiovascular system stubs | Kidney The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City. ... In the circulatory system, a vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart. ... The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ... The coronary sinus is a collection of veins joined together to form a large vessel that collects blood from the myocardium of the heart. ... The Great Cardiac Vein (left coronary vein) begins at the apex of the heart and ascends along the anterior longitudinal sulcus to the base of the ventricles. ... The great cardiac vein receives tributaries from the left atrium and from both ventricles: one, the left marginal vein, is of considerable size, and ascends along the left margin of the heart. ... The small cardiac vein (right coronary vein) runs in the coronary sulcus between the right atrium and ventricle, and opens into the right extremity of the coronary sinus. ... The right marginal vein ascends along the right margin of the heart and joins the small cardiac vein in the coronary sulcus, or opens directly into the right atrium. ... The middle cardiac vein commences at the apex of the heart, ascends in the posterior longitudinal sulcus, and ends in the coronary sinus near its right extremity. ... The Posterior Vein of the Left Ventricle runs on the diaphragmatic surface of the left ventricle to the coronary sinus, but may end in the great cardiac vein. ... The Oblique Vein of the Left Atrium (oblique vein of Marshall) is a small vessel which descends obliquely on the back of the left atrium and ends in the coronary sinus near its left extremity; it is continuous above with the ligament of the left vena cava (lig. ... The anterior cardiac veins (or anterior veins of right ventricle), comprising three or four small vessels which collect blood from the front of the right ventricle and open into the right atrium; the right marginal vein frequently opens into the right atrium, and is therefore sometimes regarded as belonging to... The subclavian vein is a continuation of the axillary vein and runs from the outer border of the first rib to the medial border of anterior scalene muscle. ... The Brachiocephalic vein is also known as the innominate vein, the left and right brachiocephalic veins in the upper chest are formed by the union of each corresponding jugular vein and subclavian vein. ... Veins of the thorax and abdomen. ... The superior phrenic vein, i. ... The inferior thyroid veins two, frequently three or four, in number, arise in the venous plexus on the thyroid gland, communicating with the middle and superior thyroid veins. ... The intercostal veins are a group of veins which drain the area between the ribs (costae), called the intercostal space. ... The supreme intercostal vein (highest intercostal vein) is a paired vein that drains the first intercostal space on its corresponding side. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The posterior intercostal veins are veins that drain the intercostal spaces posteriorly. ... Superior vena cava - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The azygos vein is so named because it is unpaired, having no matching vein on the left side of the body. ... The Hemiazygos Vein (vena azygos minor inferior) begins in the left ascending lumbar or renal vein. ... The accessory hemiazygos vein (vena azygos minor superior) is a vein on the left side of the vertebral column that generally drains the fifth through eighth intercostal spaces on the left side of the body. ... The bronchial veins are small vessels that return blood from the larger bronchi and structures at the roots of the lungs. ... The pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. ... The lateral thoracic vein is a tributary of the axillary vein. ... A vein, named the thoracoepigastric, runs along the lateral aspect of the trunk between the superficial epigastric vein below and the lateral thoracic vein above and establishes an important communication between the femoral and axillary veins. ... The external vertebral venous plexuses (extraspinal veins) best marked in the cervical region, consist of anterior and posterior plexuses which anastomose freely with each other. ... The internal vertebral venous plexuses (intraspinal veins) lie within the vertebral canal between the dura mater and the vertebrae, and receive tributaries from the bones and from the medulla spinalis. ... The basivertebral veins emerge from the foramina on the posterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies. ... The intervertebral veins accompany the spinal nerves through the intervertebral foramina; they receive the veins from the medulla spinalis, drain the internal and external vertebral plexuses and end in the vertebral, intercostal, lumbar, and lateral sacral veins, their orifices being provided with valves. ... The veins of the medulla spinalis (spinal veins, veins of the spinal cord) are situated in the pia mater and form a minute, tortuous, venous plexus. ... Veins of the abdomen and lower limb - inferior vena cava, common iliac vein, external iliac vein, internal iliac vein, femoral vein and their tributaries. ... Right inferior epigastric vein - view from inside of abdomen. ... The internal iliac vein (hypogastric vein) begins near the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen, passes upward behind and slightly medial to the hypogastric artery and, at the brim of the pelvis, joins with the external iliac to form the common iliac vein. ... The Superior Gluteal Veins (gluteal veins) are venæ comitantes of the superior gluteal artery; they receive tributaries from the buttock corresponding with the branches of the artery, and enter the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, above the Piriformis, and frequently unite before ending in the hypogastric vein. ... The Inferior Gluteal Veins (sciatic veins), or venæ comitantes of the inferior gluteal artery, begin on the upper part of the back of the thigh, where they anastomose with the medial femoral circumflex and first perforating veins. ... The Internal Pudendal Veins (internal pudic veins) are the venæ comitantes of the internal pudendal artery. ... The hemorrhoidal plexus (or rectal venous plexus) surrounds the rectum, and communicates in front with the vesical plexus in the male, and the uterovaginal plexus in the female. ... The superficial dorsal vein of the penis drains the prepuce and skin of the penis, and, running backward in the subcutaneous tissue, inclines to the right or left, and opens into the corresponding superficial external pudendal vein, a tributary of the great saphenous vein. ... The deep dorsal vein of the penis lies beneath the deep fascia of the penis; it receives the blood from the glans penis and corpora cavernosa penis and courses backward in the middle line between the dorsal arteries; near the root of the penis it passes between the two parts... The common iliac veins are formed by the external iliac veins and internal iliac veins and together, in the abdomen at about the level of the umbilicus, form the inferior vena cava. ... This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Gonadal vein. ... The ovarian veins correspond with the spermatic in the male; they form a plexus in the broad ligament near the ovary and uterine tube, and communicate with the uterine plexus. ... The Suprarenal Veins are two in number: the right ends in the inferior vena cava. ... The Inferior Phrenic Veins follow the course of the inferior phrenic arteries; the right ends in the inferior vena cava; the left is often represented by two branches, one of which ends in the left renal or suprarenal vein, while the other passes in front of the esophageal hiatus in... Superior vena cava, inferior vena cava (IVC), azygos vein and their tributaries. ... In human anatomy, the portal venous system is the system of veins that drain into the portal vein. ... The portal vein is a major vein in the human body draining blood from the digestive system and its associated glands. ... The portal vein and its tributaries - the largest are the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein. ... The short gastric veins, four or five in number, drain the fundus and left part of the greater curvature of the stomach, and pass between the two layers of the gastrolienal ligament to end in the lienal vein or in one of its large tributaries. ... The left gastroepiploic vein receives branches from the antero-superior and postero-inferior surfaces of the stomach and from the greater omentum; it runs from right to left along the greater curvature of the stomach and ends in the commencement of the lienal vein. ... The pancreatic veins consist of several small vessels which drain the body and tail of the pancreas, and open into the trunk of the lienal vein. ... The portal vein and its tributaries. ... The inferior mesenteric vein begins in the rectum as the superior rectal vein (superior hemorrhoidal vein), which has its origin in the hemorrhoidal plexus, and through this plexus communicates with the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal veins. ... The portal vein and its tributaries. ... The right gastroepiploic vein (right gastroomental vein) receives branches from the greater omentum and from the lower parts of the antero-superior and posteroinferior surfaces of the stomach; it runs from left to right along the greater curvature of the stomach between the two layers of the greater omentum. ... The pancreaticoduodenal veins accompany their corresponding arteries; the lower of the two frequently joins the right gastroepiploic vein. ... The cystic vein drains the blood from the gall-bladder, and, accompanying the cystic duct, usually ends in the right branch of the portal vein. ... Paraumbilical veins - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... In the fetus, the ductus venosus connects the left umbilical vein with the upper inferior vena cava. ... Fetal circulation; the umbilical vein is the large, red vessel at the far left The umbilical vein is a blood vessel present during fetal development that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the growing fetus. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Excretory system. ... The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. ... The kidney and the adipose capsule are enclosed in a sheath of fibrous tissue continuous with the subperitoneal fascia, and named the renal fascia (also known as Gerotas fascia). ... The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. ... The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. ... The renal column is tissue between the renal pyramids that allows for support of the renal cortex. ... The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. ... The renal sinus is a cavity within the kidney which is occupied by the renal pelvis, renal calices, blood vessels, nerves and fat. ... Renal pyramids are cone-shaped tissues of the kidney. ... The renal lobe is a portion of a kidney consisting of a renal pyramid and the renal cortex above it. ... A cortical lobule (or renal lobule) is a part of a renal lobe. ... The medullary ray is the middle part of the cortical lobule or renal lobule, consisting of a group of straight tubes to the collecting ducts. ... A nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. ... Grays Fig. ... Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The renal arteries normally arise off the abdominal aorta and supply the kidneys with blood. ... The interlobar arteries are vessels of the renal circulation which supply the renal lobes. ... The arcuate arteries of the kidney are vessels of the renal circulation. ... The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arterial arcade looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they... The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. ... A renal corpuscle is the initial filtering component of a nephron in the kidney. ... Glomerulus refers to two unrelated structures in the body, both named for their globular form. ... The Bowmans capsule(other names: capsula glomeruli, glomerular capsule) is a cup like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney. ... The kidney tubule (or renal tubule) is the portion of the kidney containing the fluid filtered through the glomerulus. ... In the biology of the kidney, the proximal convoluted tubule is the segment of the renal tubule that drains Bowmans capsule. ... In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. ... The descending limb of loop of Henle is the portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle. ... As the filtrate passes back up the thin ascending limb of loop of Henle, the concentration of the surrounding medulla decreases. ... The thick ascending limb of loop of Henle (or distal straight tubule) can be divided into two parts: that in the renal medulla, and that in the renal cortex. ... The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system. ... In the kidney, the collecting tubule (CNT, or junctional tubule, or arcuate renal tubule) is a tubular segment of the renal collecting duct system that connects the distal convoluted tubule to the cortical collecting duct. ... The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of: The connecting tubule The cortical collecting duct The medullary collecting duct Categories: | ... Position of the duct of Bellini in the kidney The duct of Bellini is an anatomical structure of the kidneys, also known as papillary duct. ... In the kidney, the renal papilla is the location where the kidneys converge at a traffic intersection. ... The minor calyx surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. ... The major calyx surrounds the apex of the the malpighian pyramids. ... The renal pelvis represents the dilated proximal part of the ureter. ... Transverse section of ureter. ... Grays Fig. ... The glomerulus is a capillary bed found surrounded by the Bowmans capsule of the nephron in the vertebrate kidney. ... The Efferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that are part of the urinary system of many animals. ... In the renal system, peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels that travel along side nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron. ... A nephron, the vasa recta is labelled arteria recta In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta form a series of straight capillaries (recta is from the Latin for straight) that descend from the cortex into the medulla. ... The arcuate vein is a vessel of the renal circulation. ... The interlobar veins are vessels of the renal circulation which drain the renal lobes. ... The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a renal structure consisting of the macula densa, mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells. ... In the kidney, the macula densa is an area of closely packed specialized cells lining the distal convoluted tubule where it lies next to the glomerular vascular pole. ... The juxtaglomerular cells are specialized cells that stimulate the secretion of the adrenal hormone aldosterone and play a major role in renal autoregulation, the kidneys self-governance. ... Extraglomerular mesangial cells (or lacis cells) are light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa. ... The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration though the filtration slits between the podocytes , separating the blood on the inside from the urine on the outside. ... Podocytes are cells of the visceral epithelium in the kidneys and form a crucial component of the glomerular filtration barrier by covering the exterior basement surface of the glomerular capillary and maintaining a massive filtration surface. ... Foot processes of podocytes interdigitate with one another forming filtration slits (or slit pores) that, in contrast to those in the glomerular endothelium, are spanned by diaphragms. ... Intraglomerular mesangial cells are specialized pericytes located among the glomerular capillaries within a renal corpuscle. ...