A wireless repeater.

A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, or onto the other side of an obstruction, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. People as well as things may repeat, so repeater has multiple meanings according to various contexts: In telecommunications, a repeater relays a signal after amplifying it. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article is about the engineering discipline. ... In information theory, a signal is the sequence of states of a communications channel that encodes a message. ... Retransmission might refer to: Retransmission (data networks), the resending of packets which have been damaged or lost Replication of a signal at a repeater This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ...

The term "repeater" originated with telegraphy and referred to an electromechanical device used to regenerate telegraph signals. Use of the term has continued in telephony and data communications. Telegraph and Telegram redirect here. ... In engineering, electromechanics combines electromagnetism and mechanics. ... In telecommunication, Telephony encompasses the general use of equipment to provide voice communication over distances. ... For other uses, see Data (disambiguation). ... Copy of the original phone of Alexander Graham Bell at the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris Telecommunication is the transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. ...

In telecommunication, the term repeater has the following standardized meanings: Copy of the original phone of Alexander Graham Bell at the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris Telecommunication is the transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. ...

1. An analog device that amplifies an input signal regardless of its nature (analog or digital).
2. A digital device that amplifies, reshapes, retimes, or performs a combination of any of these functions on a digital input signal for retransmission.

(Source: from Federal Standard 1037C in support of MIL-STD-188) An analog or analogue signal is any continuously variable signal. ... An information appliance (IA) is any device that can process information, signals, graphics, animation, video and audio; and can exchange such information with another IA device. ... For the British rock band of the same name, see Amplifier (band). ... Input3 is the term denoting either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a system and which activate/modify a process. ... In information theory, a signal is the sequence of states of a communications channel that encodes a message. ... For other uses, see Digital (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Digital (disambiguation). ... In telecommunications, transmission is the act of transmitting electrical messages (and the associated phenomena of radiant energy that passes through media). ... Federal Standard 1037C, entitled Telecommunications: Glossary of Telecommunication Terms is a United States Federal Standard, issued by the General Services Administration pursuant to the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended. ... MIL-STD-188 is a series of U.S. military standards relating to telecommunications. ...

Because repeaters work with the actual physical signal, and do not attempt to interpret the data being transmitted, they operate on the Physical layer, the first layer of the OSI model. The Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model (OSI Reference Model or OSI Model for short) is a layered, abstract description for communications and computer network protocol design, developed as part of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) initiative. ...

A digipeater is a blend meaning "digital repeater", particularly used in amateur radio. Store and forward digipeaters generally receive a packet radio transmission and then retransmit it on the same frequency, unlike repeaters that receive on one and transmit on another frequency. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Portmanteau. ... Amateur radio station with modern solid-state transceiver featuring LCD display and DSP capabilities Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is a hobby that uses various types of radio broadcasting equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public service, recreation and self-training. ... Store and forward is a communications technique in which messages are sent to a intermediate station where they are kept and sent at a later time to the final destination or to another intermediate station. ... Packet radio is a form of digital data transmission used in amateur radio to construct wireless computer networks. ...

Repeaters are often used in trans-continental and trans-oceanic cables, because the attenuation (signal loss) over such distances would be completely unacceptable without them. Repeaters are used in both copper-wire cables carrying electrical signals, and in fibre optics carrying light - see Optical communications repeater. Animated, colour-coded map showing the various continents. ... Animated map exhibiting the worlds oceanic waters. ... This article is about Physics. ... For other uses, see Copper (disambiguation). ... A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, elongated strand of drawn metal. ... The article on electrical energy is located elsewhere. ... Fiber Optic strands An optical fiber in American English or fibre in British English is a transparent thin fiber for transmitting light. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A repeater used in a fiber optic communications system regenerates an optical signal by converting it to an electrical signal, processing that electrical signal and then retransmitting an optical signal. ...

Repeaters are used in radio communication services - see Radio Repeater. Radio repeaters often transmit and receive on different frequencies. A special subgroup of those repeaters is those used in amateur radio - see amateur radio repeater. A Radio Repeater is a combination of a radio receiver and a radio transmitter that receives a weak or low-level signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. ... Amateur radio station with modern solid-state transceiver featuring LCD display and DSP capabilities Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is a hobby that uses various types of radio broadcasting equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public service, recreation and self-training. ... An amateur radio repeater is an electronic device that receives a weak or low-level amateur radio signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. ...

Repeaters are also used extensively in broadcasting, where they are known as translators or boosters. See broadcast translator for more. Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and/or video signals which transmit programs to an audience. ... In broadcasting, a translator is an FM radio station or a TV station which acts as a full-duplex repeater. ...

When providing a point-to-point telecom link using radio beyond line of sight, one uses repeaters in a microwave radio relay. A reflector, often on a mountaintop, that relays such signals around an obstacle, is called a passive repeater or Passive Radio Link Deflection. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A passive radio link deflection, or passive repeater is a plant for the implementation of a microwave link, in which because of an obstacle in the signal path no direct microwave link is possible. ...

In optical communications the term repeater is used to describe a piece of equipment that receives an optical signal, converts that signal into an electrical one, regenerates it, and then retransmits an optical signal. Since such a device converts the optical signal into an electrical one, and then back to an optical signal, they are often known as Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) repeaters.

Before the invention of electronic amplifiers, mechanically coupled carbon microphones were used as amplifiers in telephone repeaters. The invention of the audion tube made transcontinental telephony practical. In the 1930s vacuum tube repeaters using hybrid coils became commonplace, allowing the use of thinner wires. In the 1950s negative impedance gain devices were more popular, and a transistorized version called the E6 repeater was the final major type used in the Bell System before the low cost of digital transmission made all voiceband repeaters obsolete. “Microphones” redirects here. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Structure of a vacuum tube diode Structure of a vacuum tube triode In electronics, a vacuum tube, electron tube, or (outside North America) thermionic valve or just valve, is a device used to amplify, switch or modify a signal by controlling the movement of electrons in an evacuated space. ... A hybrid coil (or bridge transformer) is a single transformer that effectively has three windings, and which is designed to be configured as a circuit having four branches, (i. ... A VI curve with a negative differential resistance region Negative resistance or negative differential resistance (NDR) is a property of electrical circuit elements composed of certain materials in which, over certain voltage ranges, current is a decreasing function of voltage. ... Assorted discrete transistors A transistor is a semiconductor device, commonly used as an amplifier or an electrically controlled switch. ... The Bell System was a trademark and service mark used by the United States telecommunications company American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T) and its affiliated companies to co-brand their extensive circuit-switched telephone network and their affiliations with each other. ... In electronics, voiceband means the typical human hearing frequency range that is from 20Hz to 20KHz. ...

See also

12 channel carrier system is a type of Frequency-division multiplexing system. ... An amateur radio repeater is an electronic device that receives a weak or low-level amateur radio signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. ... In broadcasting, a translator is an FM radio station or a TV station which acts as a full-duplex repeater. ... A compact Clear Voice cellular repeater including a directional antenna, an amplifier and a monopole rebroadcast antenna. ... Bold text 4 port ethernet hub An Ethernet hub or concentrator is a device for connecting multiple twisted pair or fiber optic Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single segment. ... Multiport repeater: In digital networking, an active device, having multiple input/output (I/O) ports, in which a signal introduced at the input of any port appears at the output of every port. ... L-carrier was the Bell System designation for analog Long distance frequency-division multiplexing transmission systems using co-axial cable. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A repeater used in a fiber optic communications system regenerates an optical signal by converting it to an electrical signal, processing that electrical signal and then retransmitting an optical signal. ... A Radio Repeater is a combination of a radio receiver and a radio transmitter that receives a weak or low-level signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. ... Repeater insertion is a technique for reducing the time delay associated with long wire lines in integrated circuits. ... In telecommunications, and particularly in radio, signal strength is the measure of how strongly a transmitted signal is being received, measured, or predicted, at a reference point that is a significant distance from the transmitting antenna. ... A Wireless Distribution System is a system that enables the interconnection of access points wirelessly. ...

Repeater lists

is also used for the interconnection of network.

References