War flag of the Italian Social Republic. The state flag was the Italian tricolour without emblem.

The Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana in Italian is a Romance language spoken by about 70 million people, most of whom live in Italy. Standard Italian is based on Tuscan dialects and is somewhat intermediate between the languages of Southern Italy and the Gallo-Romance languages of the North. The long-established Tuscan standard has, over the... Italian), also known as the Republic of Salò, was a Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler Fascism (in Italian, fascismo), capitalized, refers to the right-wing authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. The word fascism (uncapitalized) has come to mean any political stance or system of government resembling Mussolinis, as... fascist A puppet state is a state whose government, though notionally of the same culture as the governed people - owes its existence (or other major debt) to being installed, supported or controlled by a more powerful entity, typically a foreign power. Such a government is known as a puppet r gime... puppet state in Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. The Third Reich is an Anglicization of the German... German-occupied northern The Italian Republic or Italy ( Italian: Repubblica Italiana or Italia) is a country in southern Europe. It comprises a boot-shaped peninsula and two large islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia, and shares its northern alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. The independent countries of San... Italy.

After the Allied forces invaded southern Italy, and began to advance toward Rome, Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini ( July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945) ruled Italy as a dictator from 1922 to 1943. He created a fascist state through the... Benito Mussolini's Grand Fascist Council, with the support of King Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). Victor Emmanuel IIIs position... Vittorio Emmanuele III, overthrew and arrested Mussolini. The new government began peace negotiations with the Allied powers.

Germany, concerned that Italian forces would join the Allied troops, quickly intervened. Germany seized control of northern Italy. Mussolini was rescued by Otto Skorzeny ( June 12, 1908 - July 5, 1975) was a colonel in the German Waffen-SS during World War II. He is one of the most effective commandos in German history. Born into a middle-class Austrian family with a long history of military service, Skorzeny was a noted fencer... Otto Skorzeny, and brought to the German-occupied area to establish a new regime. Mussolini declared on September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years). There are 99 days remaining. Also an important date in pagan history celebrating fall. Events 490 BC - Battle of Marathon; origin of marathon long-distance race (run by Phidippides) 1122 - Concordat of Worms 1459 - The Battle of... September 23, 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943, that the coup was over, and that his government was continuing as a republic, with himself as leader.

Mussolini estalished his capital at Salo (Italian: Salò) is a small town in the Province of Brescia in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy on the banks of Lake Garda. Salo was founded in the Roman period as Pagus Salodium and in the middle ages became a stronghold of the Milanese Visconti family. From... Salò, a small village on Lake Garda is the largest lake in Italy. It is located in Northern Italy about half-way between Venice and Milan. It is in an alpine region and was formed by glaciers at the end of the last ice age. The lake and its shoreline are divided between the provinces... Lake Garda, and began to try to assemble the organs of State. Soon after its establishment, the Republic was forced to cede Location within Italy Trieste ( Latin Tergeste, Slovenian and Croatian Trst, German and Friulian Triest) is a city in northeastern Italy, capital of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and Trieste province, population 211,184 (2001). It is located 370 miles south-southwest of Vienna at the head of the Gulf of Trieste... Trieste, Rovinj, on the western coast of Croatian Istria. Istria (Istra, pronounced in Croatian and Slovenian; Istria, pronounced in Italian), is the biggest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. The peninsula is located at the head of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Bay of Kvarner. The peninsula lies... Istria and South Tyrol ( German Autonome Provinz Bozen-Südtirol, Italian Provincia autonoma di Bolzano-Alto Adige, Ladin Provinzia autonóma de Bulsan-Südtirol) is an autonomous province of Italy. It should not be confused with the autonomous region of Trentino-South Tyrol, of which it is a... South Tyrol to Germany, with the understanding that Venice is known for its waterways and gondolas Gondola. Venice (Italian Venezia), the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto, population 274,000 (2003). The city stretches across numerous small islands in a marshy lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy. The saltwater lagoon stretches... Venice would be taken at some point.

While Mussolini contended that he was in control of the Republic, in practice, it was a largely irrelevant and ineffective puppet of the German forces. The Republic came to an end in 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945 when Allied forces ousted the Germans from Italy.

List of RSI Ministers

• Head of State and Minister of Foreign Affairs - Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini ( July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945) ruled Italy as a dictator from 1922 to 1943. He created a fascist state through the... Benito Mussolini
• Minister of Defence - Rodolfo Graziani Rodolfo Graziani (1882 - 1955), during World War II, was an Italian Marshal; who commanded the Tenth Army, stationed in Libya. He resigned his commission in 1943, following the defeat of his army. In 1950, a military tribunal sentenced him to prison for a term of 19 years as... Rodolfo Graziani
• Ministers of the Interior - Guido Buffarini Guidi (August 17, 1895 - July 10, 1945) was an Italian politician notable for his involvement in the fascist regime during the Second World War. Guidi was born in Pisa, Italy. When Italy entered the First World War, he voluntered in an artillery regiment. He was promoted to rank... Guido Buffarini Guidi from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945, Valerio Zerbine for 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Ministers of Justice - Antonino Tringali-Casanova (April 11, 1888_October 30, 1943) was born on April 11, 1888 in Cecina (near Livorno), Italy, he served under Mussolini as the Italian Social Republics first Minister of Justice. His first government assignment was Vice_President for Special Tribunal for the State Defence from September 1928 - November... Antonino Tringali-Casanova for 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943, Pietro Pisenti from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Minister of Finance - Giampietro Pellegrini from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Ministers of Industrial Production - Silvio Gai for 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943, Angelo Tarchi from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Minister of Public Works - Ruggero Romano from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Minister of Communications - Augusto Liverani from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Minister of Labour - Giuseppe Spinelli for 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Minister of National Education - Carlo Alberto Biggini (December 9, 1902 _ 1945) served as Minister of Education before and after proclamation of the Italian Social Republic under Benito Mussolini. Carlo Alberto Biggini was born on in La Spezia, Italy. Before becoming Minister of Education, he served in the 84th Fanteria of the Division Gavinana... Carlo Alberto Biggini from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Minister of Popular Culture - Fernando Mazzasoma (August 3, 1907-April 28, 1945), born in Rome, Italy, was a political figure during the fascist regime. His first government assignment was Vice president of the Mystic Fascist School in 1930. From 1932-1935, he was a member of Member of Federal Directory in Perugia. From 1935... Fernando Mezzasoma from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945
• Leader of the Republican Fascist Party - Alessandro Pavolini (September 27, 1903 _ April 28, 1945) was an Italian politician of the first half of the 20th century, notable for his involvement in the fascist government in the Second World War. Pavolini was born in Florence, Italy. He was elected deputy of at Camera dei Fasci e... Alessandro Pavolini from 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. Events January January 4 - End of term for Culbert Olson, 29th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Earl Warren. January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 11 - General Juanto dies in Argentina - Ramon... 1943- 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). Events January January 5 - The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet government of Poland. January 7 - British General Bernard Montgomery holds a press conference in which he claims credit for victory in the Battle of... 1945

See also

• The Blackshirts ( Italian: camicie nere) were Fascist paramilitary groups in Italy during the period immediately following World War I and until the end of World War II. Inspired by Garibaldis Redshirts, the Blackshirts were organized by Benito Mussolini due to his disgust with the corruption and apathy of the... Blackshirts (MVSN)
• The 40 Black Brigades or the brigata nera were the fascist Italy, also known as the Italian Social Republic, during the final years of World War II after the signing of the Italian Armistice in 1943. They were officially known as the Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana or GNR. Benito Mussolini had... Black Brigades
• Decima Flottiglia MAS
• The Italian resistance movement was a partisan force during World War II. In 1944, with the Allied forces nearby, the partisan resistance in Italy staged an uprising behind German lines, led by the Committee of National Liberation of Upper Italy. This rebellion led to the establishment of a number of... Italian resistance movement
• The birth of the Italian republic (officially on June 2, 1946) is a key event of Italian contemporary history. It is controversial because of suspicions of fraud that were advanced by monarchists). Until 1946, Italy was a monarchy ruled by the House of Savoy (kings of Italy and, previously, of... Birth of the Italian Republic

Miscellaneous

Pier Paolo Pasolini (March 5, 1922 - November 2, 1975) was an Italian poet, film director, and writer, who, in his films about the socially outcast and rebellious, frequently used amateur actors. Life and work He was born in Bologna, traditionally the most left-wing of Italian cities, to the son... Pier Paolo Pasolini's 1975 For other uses see film (disambiguation) Film refers to the celluliod media on which movies are printed Film — also called movies, the cinema, the silver screen, moving pictures, photoplays, picture shows, flicks, or motion pictures, — is a field that encompasses motion pictures as an art form or as... film Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma (Salo or the 120 Days of Sodom) is a 1976 film by Italian director Pier Paolo Pasolini, based on the book The 120 Days of Sodom by the Marquis de Sade. Spoiler warning: Salò (as the film is commonly abbreviated) is... Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma was set in the Republic of Salò.

External links

• Historical flags of Italy (http://flagspot.net/flags/it_index.html)
• War flag of Italian Social Republic (http://flagspot.net/flags/it-isr.html)