A reserved forest (also called reserve forest) or a protected forest in India are terms denoting forests accorded a certain degree of protection. The terms were first introduced in the Indian Forest Act, 1927 in British India, to refer to certain forests granted protection under the British crown in British India, but not associated suzerainties. After Indian independence, the Government of India retained the status of the existing reserved and protected forests, as well as incorporating new reserved and protected forests. A large number of forests which came under the jurisdiction of the Government of India during the political integration of India were initially granted such protection. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1122x750, 364 KB) Panthera tigris tigris, Bengaltiger, Indischer Tiger oder Königstiger Public Domain from http://images. ... Now the worlds rarest monkey, the golden langur typifies the precarious survival of much of Indias megafauna. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... Glimpses of biodiversity India is one of the high biodiversity regions of the world with three biodiversity hotspots - the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas and the Indo-Burma regions. ... . ... The class Mammalia (the Mammals) is divided into two subclasses based on reproductive techniques: egg laying mammals (the Monotremes); and mammals which give live birth. ... This is a list of the bird species recorded in India. ... // Butterflies of India Approximately 1439 species of butterfly have been described from India. ... This is a list of the fish species found in India and is based on FishBase. ... Conservation Areas in India refer to well-demarcated large geographical entities with an established conservation plan, and were part of a joint Indo-US project on landscape management and protection. The project ran from 1996 to 2002. ... Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Andaman Islands rain forests (India) Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests (India) Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests (India, Myanmar) Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests (India) Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests (Bhutan, India, Nepal) Malabar Coast moist forests (India) Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests... Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Government of India is an internationally renowned premiere institution in India which trains wildlife managers and wildlife researchers. ... Indias first National Park (IUCN Category II Protected area) was Hailey National Park, now Jim Corbett National Park, established in 1935. ... The Indian government has established 4 Biosphere Reserves (UNESCO categories roughly corresponding to IUCN Category V Protected areas), which protect larger areas of natural habitat (than a National Park or Animal Sanctuary), and often include one or more National Parks and/or preserves, along buffer zones that are open to... The Indian Ministry of Environment and Forests is a cabinet ministry in the Government of India, and is responsible for the planning, promotion, co-ordination and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. ... The Indian Forest Service (IFS) is one of the All India Services of the Government of India; some other important services being the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). ... Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal (IIFM) (founded 1982) is an autonomous institution located at Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh, India, established by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India with assistance from the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. ... Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972 to protect the Bengal Tigers. ... Project Elephant was launched in 1992 by the Government of India to assist states having free ranging population of wild elephants. ... The Indian Forest Act, 1927 was largely based on previous Indian Forest Acts implemented under the British. ... The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 refers to a sweeping package of legislation enacted in 1972 by the Government of India. ... List of Zoos in India: Central Zoo Authority of India (CZA) is the Governing Authority of all Zoos in India Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad Indira Gandhi Park Jijamata Udyaan, Mumbai Arignar Anna Zoological Park (Vandalur Zoo), Chennai Alipore Zoological Gardens, Kolkata Mysore Zoo, Karnataka Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, Darjeeling... Temperate rainforest on Northern Slopes of the Alborz mountain ranges, Iran A dense growth of softwoods (a conifer forest) in the Sierra Nevada Range of Northern California A deciduous broadleaf (Beech) forest in Slovenia. ... The Indian Forest Act, 1927 was largely based on previous Indian Forest Acts implemented under the British. ... British India (otherwise known as The British Raj) was a historical period during which most of the Indian subcontinent, or present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, were under the colonial authority of the British Empire (Undivided India). ... The British monarch or Sovereign is the monarch and head of state of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories, and is the source of all executive, judicial and (as the Queen_in_Parliament) legislative power. ... Suzerainty refers to a situation in which a region or people is a tributary to a more powerful entity which allows the tributary some limited domestic autonomy but controls its foreign affairs. ... The Indian independence movement was a series of steps taken in the Indian subcontinent for independence from British colonial rule, beginning with the Rebellion of 1857. ... The Government of India (Hindi: भारत सरकार Bhārat Sarkār), officially referred to as the Union Government, and commonly as Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of a federal union of 28 states and 7 union territories, collectively called the Republic of India. ... India under British Raj in 1922, prior to its partition and integration after independence. ...

Land rights to forests declared to be Reserved forests or Protected forests are typically acquired (if not already owned) and owned by the Government of India. Unlike national parks of India or wildlife sanctuaries of India, reserved forests and protected forests are declared by the respective state governments. As of present, reserved forests and protected forests differ in one important way: Indias first National Park (IUCN Category II Protected area) was Hailey National Park, now Jim Corbett National Park, established in 1935. ... India has over 500 animal sanctuaries, referred to as Wildlife Sanctuaries (IUCN Category IV Protected Area). ... The Government of India (Hindi: भारत सरकार Bhārat Sarkār), officially referred to as the Union Government, and commonly as Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of a federal union of 28 states and 7 union territories, collectively called the Republic of India. ...

• Rights to all activities like hunting, grazing, etc in reserved forests are banned unless specific orders are issued otherwise
• Rights to all activities like hunting, grazing, etc in protected forests are allowed unless specific orders are issues otherwise

In reserved forests, rights to activities like hunting and grazing are sometimes given to communities living on the fringes of the forest, who sustain their livelihood partially or wholly from forest resources or products. Thus, typically reserved forests enjoy a higher degree of protection with respect to protected forests. However, it is possible that certain protected forests may enjoy more protection with respect to certain reserved forests.

Protected forests are of two kinds - demarcated protected forests and undemarcated protected forests, based on whether the limits of the forest have been specified by a formal notification.

Typically, reserved forests are often upgraded to the status of wildlife sanctuaries, which in turn may be upgraded to the status of national parks, with each category receiving a higher degree of protection and government funding. For example, Sariska National Park was declared a reserved forest in 1955, upgraded to the status of a wildlife sanctuary in 1958, becoming a Tiger Reserve in 1978. Sariska became a national park in 1992, though primary notification to declare it as a national park was issued as early as 1982. ^[1] The Sariska Tiger Reserve is an Indian National Park located in the Alwar District of the state of Rajasthan. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the documentary series aired on Doordarshan, see Sanctuary Films The Royal Bengal Tiger. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Corresponding glossary entry for the terms on the Government of Andhra Pradesh's Department of Forest website

References

1. ^ Sariska information sheet, Sanctuary Asia website