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Encyclopedia > Retort
A beautiful retort.
A beautiful retort.

In a chemistry laboratory, a retort is a glassware device used for distillation or dry distillation of substances. It consists of a spherical vessel with a long downward-pointing neck. The liquid to be distilled is placed in the vessel and heated. The neck acts as a condenser, allowing the evaporated vapors to condense and flow along the neck to a collection vessel placed underneath. Image File history File links a retort File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links a retort File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Chemistry - the study of atoms, made of nuclei (conglomeration of center particles) and electrons (outer particles), and the structures they form. ... Laboratory distillation set-up using, without a fractionating column 1: Heat source 2: Still pot 3: Still head 4: Thermometer/Boiling point temperature 5: Condenser 6: Cooling water in 7: Cooling water out 8: Distillate/receiving flask 9: Vacuum/gas inlet 10: Still receiver 11: Heat control 12: Stirrer speed... Dry distillation is the heating of solid materials to produce liquid or gaseous products (which may condense into solids). ... A sphere is a perfectly symmetrical geometrical object. ... A liquid will usually assume the shape of its container A liquid is one of the main states of matter. ... Water vapor condensing over a cup of hot tea Condensation is the change in matter of a substance to a denser phase, such as a gas (or vapor) to a liquid. ...


In industrial applications, a retort is an airtight vessel in which substances are heated for a chemical reaction producing gaseous products to be collected in a collection vessel or for further processing.


The chamber where a body is placed when being cremated is referred to as a retort. The crematorium at Haycombe Cemetery, Bath, England. ...


It is related to alembic. An alembic is an alchemical still consisting of two retorts connected by a tube. ...


History

Retorts were widely used by alchemists, and images of retorts appear in many drawings and sketches of their laboratories. Before the advent of modern condensers, retorts were used by many prominent chemists, such as Antoine Lavoisier and Jöns Berzelius. This article or section includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier, born on August 26, 1743, and executed on May 8, 1794, the father of modern chemistry, was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry, finance, biology, and economics. ... Jöns Jakob Berzelius (August 20, 1779 - August 7, 1848) was a Swedish chemist, who invented modern chemical notation and is considered one of the fathers of modern chemistry (along with John Dalton and Antoine Lavoisier). ...


Role in analytical chemistry

In laboratory use, due to advances in technology, especially the invention of the Liebig condenser, retorts have largely been rendered obsolete. However, some laboratory techniques that involve simple distillation and do not require sophisticated apparatuses may use a retort as a substitute for more complex distillation equipment. For other uses of lab, see Lab. ... Liebig condenser The Liebig condenser or straight condenser is a piece of laboratory equipment consisting of a straight glass tube surrounded by a water jacket. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Retort - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (266 words)
In a chemistry laboratory, a retort is a glassware device used for distillation or dry distillation of substances.
Retorts were widely used by alchemists, and images of retorts appear in many drawings and sketches of their laboratories.
Before the advent of modern condensers, retorts were used by many prominent chemists, such as Antoine Lavoisier and Jöns Berzelius.
New Left Review - Julian Stallabrass: Spectacle and Terror (6860 words)
Retort draw the definition of spectacle broadly, as the colonization of social life by capitalism: it is the submission of ever more facets of human sociality to the ‘deadly solicitations’ of the market.
Retort write that the result of this configuration is a blend of atavism (wars of religion, overt colonialism) and hyper-modernity: ‘the contradictions of military neoliberalism under conditions of spectacle’.
Retort argue that the result of the spectacular defeat of 9-11 has been to push the state into actions that are as much governed by spectacle as by material considerations.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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