NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Revolution 9

"Revolution 9" is an experimental recording which appeared on The Beatles' 1968 self-titled LP release (known as the White Album). Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... For other uses, see Song (disambiguation). ... The White Album, see The Beatles (album). ... The White Album redirects here. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Musique concrÃ¨te (French; literally, concrete music), is a style of avant-garde music that relies on natural environmental sounds and other non-musical noises to create music. ... For experimental rock music, see experimental rock. ... In the music industry, a record label is a brand and a trademark associated with the marketing of music recordings and music videos. ... Apple Records logo, featuring a Granny Smith apple. ... A songwriter is someone who writes the lyrics to songs, the musical composition or melody to songs, or both. ... The songwriting partnership of John Lennon and Paul McCartney, usually referred to as Lennon/McCartney (sometimes McCartney/Lennon), is one of the best-known and most successful musical collaborations of all time. ... In the music industry, a record producer (or music producer) has many roles, among them controlling the recording sessions, coaching and guiding the musicians, organizing and scheduling production budget and resources, and supervising the recording, mixing and mastering processes. ... For other uses, see George Martin (disambiguation). ... The White Album redirects here. ... This article is about The Beatles song. ... Good Night is the final song by The Beatles on their self-titled album (aka The White Album). ... Image File history File links The_Beatles_-_Revolution_9. ... The White Album, see The Beatles (album). ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The White Album redirects here. ...

The recording began as an extended ending to the album version of "Revolution", to which were added vocal and music sound clips, tape loops, and sound effects influenced by the Musique concrète styles of Karlheinz Stockhausen, Edgard Varèse, Luigi Nono, and John Cage, further manipulated with editing and sound modification techniques (stereo panning and fading). At over eight minutes it was the longest track on the album, as well as the longest Beatles track ever officially released. Revolution is a song by The Beatles, written primarily by John Lennon and attributed to Lennon-McCartney. ... Tape loops are loops of prerecorded magnetic tape used to create repetitive, rhythmic musical patterns. ... Sound effects or audio effects are artificially created or enhanced sounds, or sound processes used to emphasize artistic or other content of movies, video games, music, or other media. ... Musique concrÃ¨te (French; literally, concrete music), is a style of avant-garde music that relies on natural environmental sounds and other non-musical noises to create music. ... Karlheinz Stockhausen (born August 22, 1928) is a German composer, and one of the most important and controversial composers of the 20th century (Barret 1988, 45; Harvey 1975b, 705; Hopkins 1972, 33; Klein 1968, 117; Power 1990, 30). ... Edgard Victor Achille Charles VarÃ¨se (December 22, 1883 â€“ November 6, 1965) was a French-born composer. ... Grave of Nono in the San Michele Cemetery, Venice. ... For the Mortal Kombat character, see Johnny Cage. ... Label for 2. ... Panning, a horizontal motion in an image display or capture. ... Fading (or fading channels) are mathematical models for the distortion that a carrier-modulated telecommunication signal experiences over certain propagation media. ...

The work is credited to Lennon/McCartney (as were most Beatles songs written by either composer), though it was primarily the effort of John Lennon. George Harrison, Ringo Starr, and Yoko Ono made small contributions, while Paul McCartney did not actively participate in the track's creation. Ono's avant garde influence on Lennon's songwriting and composition is clear throughout "Revolution 9." The songwriting partnership of John Lennon and Paul McCartney, usually referred to as Lennon/McCartney (sometimes McCartney/Lennon), is one of the best-known and most successful musical collaborations of all time. ... John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (October 9, 1940 â€“ December 8, 1980), (born John Winston Lennon, known as John Ono Lennon) was an iconic English 20th century rock and roll songwriter and singer, best known as the founding member of The Beatles. ... For other persons named George Harrison, see George Harrison (disambiguation). ... Richard Starkey Jr, MBE (born 7 July 1940), known by his stage name Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor, best known as the drummer for The Beatles. ... Yoko Ono Lennon (å°é‡Ž æ´‹å Ono YÅko), born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese-American artist and musician. ... Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942) is an Academy Award-winning English singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who first gained worldwide fame as one of the founding members of The Beatles. ... For other uses, see Avant-garde (disambiguation). ...

Believing the track to be too uncommercial for even the Beatles to get away with, McCartney and producer George Martin fought hard to keep the track off the White Album, but Lennon and Ono won out, and the track was included as the second from last song at the end of the album's fourth side. For other uses, see George Martin (disambiguation). ...

Structure and content

"Revolution 9" starts with a conversation between George Martin and Alistair Taylor: For other uses, see George Martin (disambiguation). ... Alistair Taylor is the personal assistant of Brian Epstein. ...

(Although this conversation is usually known to be the beginning of "Revolution 9," the time tracking from the CD indicates it as the tail end of the previous track, "Cry Baby Cry," following Paul's short solo song "Can You Take Me Back.") This article is about The Beatles song. ... Cry Baby Cry is a song by the Beatles that is the final song on White Album to feature any of the Beatles playing instruments. ...

After a brief piano introduction, a loop of a male repeating the words "number nine" (taken from an EMI examination tape) begins to be heard. This phrase fades in and out throughout the recording as a motif. Then there is chaos: feedback, impromptu screaming, rehearsed overdubs, and more tape loops. A short grand piano, with the lid up. ... In music, a motif is a perceivable or salient reoccurring fragment or succession of notes that may used to construct the entirety or parts of complete melodies, themes. ...

As some portions of "Revolution 9" are recordings of other music (from bits of Sibelius and Beethoven, to a backward snippet of a tuning orchestra, culled from the session tapes for A Day in the Life), the piece can be seen as an early example of sampling. Other audio elements include various bits of apparently nonsensical dialogue spoken by Lennon and Harrison, various found sounds, reversed sounds and recordings of American football chants. Johan Julius Christian Jean / Janne Sibelius ( ; December 8, 1865 â€“ September 20, 1957) was a Finnish composer of classical music and one of the most notable composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... â€œBeethovenâ€ redirects here. ... A Day in the Life is a song composed by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by The Beatles for their album Sgt. ... This article is about reusing existing sound recordings in creating new works. ... Nonsense is an utterance or written text in what appears to be a human language or other symbolic system, that does not in fact carry any identifiable meaning. ... Found art, or more commonly and less confusingly, Found Object (French: objet trouvé) is a term used to describe art created from common objects not normally considered to be artistic (also assemblage). ... United States simply as football, is a competitive team sport that is both fast-paced and strategic. ...

"Paul is Dead" significance

"Revolution 9" played an important part in the infamous "Paul is dead" controversy. Most notably, the repeated "number nine" played backwards can be heard as "Turn me on, dead man." If one listens carefully, the "babble", many believe, includes other hints left by the band about Paul's alleged death, including "My wings are broken," "Paul is Dead... Since the..his suicide was..." and "Get me out!" As the "Paul is dead" rumours were quickly debunked, these "clues" are creative misinterpretations of "Revolution 9" and are an interesting footnote to the Beatles' history. Paul McCartney Dead: The Great Hoax, a magazine reporting on the rumours concerning McCartney. ... For the Wikipedia policy regarding controversial issues in articles, see Wikipedia:Guidelines for controversial articles. ...

Charles Manson

Los Angeles District Attorney Vincent Bugliosi and Manson Family member Paul Watkins came up with the theory that Charles Manson believed that "Revolution 9" was a reference to Revelation 9, a book in the Bible that speaks of apocalypse and prophecy. He believed the Beatles were speaking to him through this song, and he drew many odd interpretations from the lyrics. Vincent Bugliosi (born August 18, 1934 in Hibbing, Minnesota) is an American attorney and author, best known for prosecuting Charles Manson and other defendants accused of the Tate-LaBianca murders. ... Charles Milles Manson (born November 12, 1934) is a convict who led the Manson Family, a commune or cult that he started in the U.S. city of San Francisco in 1967. ... Visions of John of Patmos, as depicted in the TrÃ¨s Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library. ... Look up Apocalypse in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Prophecy (disambiguation). ...

Manson said 'It was the Beatles' way of telling people what was going to happen; it was their way of making prophecy; it directly paralleled the Bible's Revelation 9.' It was also the battle of Armageddon, the coming black-white revolution portrayed in sound, Manson claimed. According to Poston: 'When Charlie was listening to it, he heard in the background noise, in and around the machine gun fire and the oinking of pigs, a man's voice saying "Rise"' (it is first heard 2 minutes and 34 seconds into the song, just after the crowd sounds that follow 'lots of stab wounds as it were' and 'informed him on the third night' and just before 'Number 9, Number 9').

Related works

While "Revolution #9" is The Beatles' longest and easily strangest recording, it is not the only avant-garde song they recorded in their career. There is another, legendary recording known as "Carnival of Light", written by Paul McCartney and recorded by The Beatles during the Sgt. Pepper sessions on January 5, 1967. Like "Revolution 9", Carnival of Light is an avant garde piece, and clocks in at 13:48 minutes. The song has never been released, nor has it even been bootlegged. Very few people have ever heard the track. Paul McCartney has confirmed its existence, and the track was supposed to appear on Anthology 2 but George Harrison vetoed it. Carnival of Light was an unreleased experimental piece by The Beatles. ... The Beatles Anthology 2 is a compilation album released in March 1996 by Apple Records as part of The Beatles Anthology series. ...

The Beatles also dabbled in the avant garde during the White Album sessions with "What's The New Mary Jane", recorded in August 1968 and legally unreleased until its inclusion in Anthology 3 in 1996. The song is full of more abstract (as opposed to sound collage) sounds than "Revolution 9," but is centered around a traditional verse-chorus song, with John on piano and vocals, and George on acoustic guitar. Whats The New Mary Jane is a song written by John Lennon and performed by The Beatles. ... The Beatles Anthology 3 was released in October 1996, and includes rarities and alternatives tracks from the final two years of their career as a band ranging from the initial sessions for the White Album through to the last sessions for Let It Be and Abbey Road in January 1970. ...

Credits

Some spoken parts from George Martin are present, along with selected piano outtakes that sound as if they were lifted from either Honey Pie or Martha My Dear, both written and played by Paul McCartney. Honey Pie is a song by The Beatles, from their 1968 album The Beatles (the White Album). Although credited to Lennon-McCartney, it was composed entirely by Paul McCartney. ... Martha My Dear is a Beatles song which first appeared on the double-disc album The Beatles (also known as The White Album). ...

See also

External links

Categories: Articles lacking sources from August 2007 | All articles lacking sources | 1968 songs | The Beatles songs | Songs produced by George Martin The White Album, see The Beatles (album). ... John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (October 9, 1940 â€“ December 8, 1980), (born John Winston Lennon, known as John Ono Lennon) was an iconic English 20th century rock and roll songwriter and singer, best known as the founding member of The Beatles. ... Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE (born 18 June 1942) is an Academy Award-winning English singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who first gained worldwide fame as one of the founding members of The Beatles. ... For other persons named George Harrison, see George Harrison (disambiguation). ... Richard Starkey Jr, MBE (born 7 July 1940), known by his stage name Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor, best known as the drummer for The Beatles. ... Former Liverpool businessman and promoter; original manager of The Beatles, who sent the young band to Hamburg, Germany, where they gained vital show business experience. ... Brian Samuel Epstein (IPA: ) (born in Liverpool, England; 19 September 1934 â€“ 27 August 1967) was the manager of The Beatles. ... Allen Klein (born December 18, 1931) is an American businessman and record label executive. ... Lee Eastman (12 January 1910 - 30 July 1991) was a New York show business attorney, the son of Louis and Della (Freyer) Epstein. ... Neil Aspinall (born in Prestatyn, North Wales, October 13, 1942) was the road manager and personal assistant for the Beatles. ... Peter Brown is an American businessman, born and educated in England. ... Malcolm Mal Evans (27 May 1935 â€“ 5 January 1976) is best known as the road manager, assistant, and a friend of the Beatles. ... Alistair Taylor is the personal assistant of Brian Epstein. ... Apple Records logo, featuring a Granny Smith apple. ... For other uses, see George Martin (disambiguation). ... Engineer Geoff Emerick. ... Norman Smith is a musician and record producer. ... Ken Scott (born April 20, 1947 in London) is an influential English record producer and engineer. ... Harvey Philip Spector (born December 26, 1939) is an American musician, songwriter and record producer. ... Jeff Lynne (born December 30, 1947 in Shard End, Birmingham) is a Grammy Award-winning English rock songwriter, singer, guitarist and record producer. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the album. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A Hard Days Night by the Beatles (side one) - Parlophone yellow and black label A Hard Days Night is the third album by The Beatles, released in the UK on 10 July 1964 as the soundtrack to their first film of the same name. ... Alternate cover Cover of the original 1964 Australian LP, released during the 1964 Australian tour. ... Help!, is the fifth album by The Beatles, and the soundtrack album from their film of the same name, Help!. Produced by George Martin for EMI Records, the album (in its original British form) contains seven songs that appeared in the movie of the same name, and seven that did... The Beatles U.S. chronology Alternate cover Cover of the original 1965 U.S. LP, with a different colour saturation (see below) Back cover Back cover of the original 1965 UK LP Rubber Soul is the sixth album by The Beatles, first released in December 1965. ... The Beatles U.S. chronology Alternate cover Cover of the original 1966 U.S. LP Back cover Back cover of the original 1966 UK LP. The main photo was edited in separate parts for the booklet of the 1988 Compact Disc release. ... For other uses, see Sgt. ... â€œMagical Mystery Tourâ€ redirects here. ... The White Album redirects here. ... For the 1999 release, see Yellow Submarine Songtrack. ... Back cover The back cover of the original 1969 UK LP. Note that Her Majesty is not listed, unlike later reissues and the compact disc versionâ€”originally making it a hidden track. ... â€œLet It Beâ€ redirects here. ... For the Dire Straits album, see Live at the BBC (Dire Straits album). ... The Beatles Anthology 1 was released in late 1995, and includes rarites and alternatives tracks from their days as the Quarry Men, through the Decca auditions and the album Beatles for Sale. ... The Beatles Anthology 2 is a compilation album released in March 1996 by Apple Records as part of The Beatles Anthology series. ... The Beatles Anthology 3 was released in October 1996, and includes rarities and alternatives tracks from the final two years of their career as a band ranging from the initial sessions for the White Album through to the last sessions for Let It Be and Abbey Road in January 1970. ... Yellow Submarine Songtrack is a 1999 soundtrack album by The Beatles for the film of the same name. ... The negative of the cover Let It Beâ€¦ Naked is a remastered and remixed version of the original session tapes from the 1970 Let It Be album by The Beatles, first released in November 2003 (see 2003 in music). ... 1962â€“1966 (widely known as The Red Album) is a compilation of The Beatles greatest hits from 1962 to 1966. ... This article or section includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Alternate cover Double LP sleeve The Capitol label of the Past Masters, Volume One LP. Note the small Parlophone logo on the left Past Masters, Volume One is a compilation album by the The Beatles released in 1988. ... The Capitol label of the Past Masters, Volume Two LP. Note the small Parlophone logo on the left Past Masters, Volume Two is a compilation album by The Beatles released in 1988. ... For other uses, see 1 (album) (disambiguation). ... Love is a soundtrack compilation album by The Beatles released in November 2006. ... A Hard Days Night (1964) is a British comedy film originally released by United Artists, written by Alun Owen and starring The Beatles during the height of Beatlemania. ... Help! is a 1965 film starring the The Beatles and featuring Leo McKern, Eleanor Bron, Victor Spinetti, John Bluthal and Roy Kinnear. ... Magical Mystery Tour, starring The Beatles, is an hour-long television film that initially aired on BBC1 on Boxing Day in 1967. ... For the song, see Yellow Submarine (song). ... For the Taiwanese film whose foreign title translates to the same name, see ç„¡ç±³æ¨‚ Let It Be is a 1970 film about the Beatles rehearsing and recording songs for the album Let It Be in January 1969. ... The Compleat Beatles [sic] was a 1982 two-hour documentary, chronicling the career of the Fab Four. Though it has since been supplanted by the more extensive five-hour 1996 Beatles Anthology, The Compleat Beatles was for many years largely regarded as the definitive source of information on the Beatles. ... The Beatles Anthology (DVD) is the DVD version of the original eight episode 1995 TV serial titled The Beatles Anthology (which also came out on VHS) covered in four DVDs, plus an additional 81 minutes Special Features Disc. ... The cover of Kum Back; the first ever Beatles bootleg album to hit the market. ... The Beatles released twelve original albums, twelve EPs (featuring mostly otherwise available material), one double EP, and twenty-two singles (featuring mostly otherwise unavailable material) in eight years (1962-1970) in their native United Kingdom. ... The Beatles takes and early versions of songs that have been released are still collectables. ... â€œPeter Bestâ€ redirects here. ... Stuart Fergusson Victor Sutcliffe (23 June 1940 â€“ 10 April 1962) was a British musician and artist who, until his early death, worked in a style related to Abstract Expressionism. ... Klaus Voormann (born 29 April 1938) is a German artist, musician, and record producer who was associated with the early days of The Beatles in Hamburg and later designed the cover of their album Revolver. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Derek Taylor (1932-1997) is best known as the press agent for the hugely popular rock band, The Beatles. ... Yoko Ono Lennon (å°é‡Ž æ´‹å Ono YÅko), born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese-American artist and musician. ... Linda Louise Eastman McCartney (September 24, 1941 â€“ April 17, 1998) was an American photographer, musician, and animal rights activist. ... Cynthia Lillian Lennon nÃ©e Powell (born September 10, 1939) in Blackpool, Lancashire, England. ... William Everett Preston (September 2, 1946 â€“ June 6, 2006) was an American soul musician from Houston, Texas, raised mostly in Los Angeles, California. ... Tony Sheridan (born Andrew Esmond Sheridan McGinnity on May 21, 1940), is an English rock and roll singer-songwriter and guitarist. ... Chas Newby was temporarily the bassist for The Beatles in December of 1960, following the departure of Stuart Sutcliffe. ... Andy White (born 1930 in Scotland) is a drummer, best known for playing drums on some of the recordings of the Beatles first single, Love Me Do. White was a studio drummer in the 1950s and 1960sin London, recording with artists like Billy Fury, Marlene Dietrich, Hermans Hermits and... James George Nicol, known as Jimmie Nicol or Jimmy Nicol, is an English musician born August 3, 1939. ... Astrid Kirchherr (born 20 May 1938) is a German photographer and artist, and is well-known for her association with The Beatles (along with her friends Klaus Voorman and JÃ¼rgen Vollmer) and her photographs of The Beatles while they were in Hamburg. ... This is a list of the line-ups of The Beatles and the individual members bands. ... Love by Cirque du Soleil at Mirage Las Vegas Love is a 2006 theatrical production by Cirque du Soleil which combines the re-produced and re-imagined music of The Beatles with an interpretive, circus-based artistic and athletic stage performance. ... The songwriting partnership of John Lennon and Paul McCartney, usually referred to as Lennon/McCartney (sometimes McCartney/Lennon), is one of the best-known and most successful musical collaborations of all time. ... The Beatles influence on rock music and popular culture wasâ€”and remainsâ€”immense. ... Modern Beatle boot replica. ... The Quarry Men (sometimes Quarrymen) were a little-known skiffle group formed around Liverpool, England in March 1957 by John Lennon. ... The Beatles are one of the most popular and influential musical groups in history. ... The Beatles London This article looks at the history behind some of the London landmarks famously associated with the Beatles for example the Abbey Road Studios & crossing etc The famous Abbey Road Zebra crossing Abbey Road Studios The Beatles first came to the Abbey Road studios on June 6th... The Beatles arrival at Americas JFK Airport in 1964 has proved a particularly enduring image of Beatlemania. ... The Fifth Beatle is an informal title that various commentators in the press and entertainment industry have applied to persons who were at one point a member of The Beatles, or who had a strong association with the Fab Four other than John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo... Paul McCartney Dead: The Great Hoax, a magazine reporting on the rumours concerning McCartney. ... The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring the fanciful and musical misadventures of the extraordinarily popular British rock band. ... For other uses, see British Invasion (disambiguation). ... Apple Records logo, featuring a Granny Smith apple. ... Northern Songs Ltd. ... The Beatles Anthology is the name of a documentary series, a series of three albums and a book, all of which focus on the history of one of the worlds most popular rock band The Beatles. ... The Rutles are a parody of The Beatles, jointly created by Eric Idle and Neil Innes. ...

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