It has been suggested that Revolutionary be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)

This article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. For other meanings of the word, see revolution (disambiguation).

A revolution is a relatively sudden, and absolutely drastic change (a "complete turn-around"). This may be a change in the social or political institutions over a relatively short period of time, or a major change in its culture or economy. Some revolutions are led by the majority of the populace of a nation, others by a small band of revolutionaries. Compare rebellion. Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Revolution. ... The word revolution can refer to: Revolution, a sudden drastic change. ... // Latin root meaning The term social is derived from the Latin word socius, which as a noun means an associate, ally, companion, business partner or comrade and in the adjectival form socialis refers to a bond between people (such as marriage) or to their collective or connected existence. ... Politics is the process and method of decision-making for groups of human beings. ... For other uses, see Culture (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Revolution. ... For the Danish youth organization, see Rebel (Denmark) A rebellion is, in the most general sense, a refusal to accept authority. ...

Look up Revolution in Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary logo Wiktionary is a sister project to Wikipedia intended to be a free wiki dictionary (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ...

Social and political revolutions

Political revolutions are often characterized by violence, and vast changes in power structures that can often result in further, institutionalized, violence, as in the Russian and French revolutions (with the "Purges" and "the Terror", respectively). A political revolution is the forcible replacement of one set of rulers with another (as happened in France and Russia), while a social revolution is the fundamental change in the social structure of a society, such as the Protestant Reformation or the Renaissance. However, blurring the line between these two categories, most political revolutions wish to carry out social revolutions, and they have basic philosophical or social underpinnings which drive them. The most common revolutions with such underpinnings in the modern world have been liberal revolutions and communist revolutions, with the occasional nationalist revolution. In contrast, a coup d'état often seeks to change nothing more than the current ruler. Violence refers to acts —typically connotative with aggressive and criminal behaviour —which intend to cause or is causing of injury to persons, animals, or (in limited cases) property. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which emerged in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe. ... By region Italian Renaissance Spanish Renaissance Northern Renaissance English Renaissance French Renaissance German Renaissance Polish Renaissance The Renaissance, also known as Il Rinascimento (in Italian), was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution, religious reform and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. ... A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism, normally with socialism (public ownership over the means of production) as an intermediate stage. ... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ...

Some political philosophers regard revolutions as the means of achieving their goals. Most anarchists advocate social revolution as the means of breaking down the structures of government and replacing them with non-hierarchal institutions. Political philosophy is the study of the fundamental questions about the state, government, politics, property, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ...

With Marxist communists, there is a split between those who supported the Soviet Union and other so-called 'communist states' and those who were/are critical of those states (some even rejecting them as non-communist, see state capitalism), for example trotskyists. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Communism refers to a conjectured future classless, stateless social organization based upon common ownership of the means of production, and can be classified as a branch of the broader socialist movement. ... A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ... There are multiple definitions of the term state capitalism. ... Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ...

Social and political revolutions are often "institutionalized" when the ideas, slogans, and personalities of the revolution continue to play a prominent role in a country's political culture, long after the revolution's end. As mentioned, communist nations regularly institutionalize their revolutions to legitimize the actions of their governments. Some non-communist nations, like the United States, France, or Mexico also have institutionalized revolutions, and continue to celebrate the memory of their revolutionary past through holidays, artwork, songs, and other venues. A political culture is a distinctive and patterned form of political philosophy that consists of beliefs on how governmental, political, and economic life should to be carried out. ...

Ancient revolutions

• Fall of the Qin Dynasty in China, 206 BCE
• Great Jewish Revolt (66-70) and Bar Kokhba's revolt (132-135) against the Roman Empire.
• Popular revolt in late medieval Europe 14th - early 16th century, a series of attempted revolutions against the nobility

The Qin Dynasty (Chinese: 秦朝; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chin Chao) (221 BC - 206 BC) was preceded by the Zhou Dynasty and followed by the Han Dynasty in China. ... It has been proposed below that Great Jewish Revolt be renamed and moved to First Jewish-Roman War. ... For other uses, see number 66. ... Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s - 70s - 80s 90s 100s 110s 120s Years: 65 66 67 68 69 - 70 - 71 72 73 74 75 Events The building of the Colosseum starts (approximate date). ... Bar Kokhba’s revolt (132-135 A.D.) against the Roman Empire, also known as The Second Jewish-Roman War or The Second Jewish Revolt, was a second major rebellion by the Jews of Iudaea. ... Events The messianic, leader Simon bar Kokhba starts a war of liberation against the Romans, which is crushed by emperor Hadrian. ... For other uses, see number 135. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... Popular revolts in late medieval Europe were uprisings and rebellions by (typically) peasants in the countryside, or the bourgeois in towns, against nobles and kings during the upheavals of the 14th through early 16th centuries. ...

Liberal revolutions

(known to Marxists as bourgeois revolutions) Bourgeoisie (RP [], GA []) in modern use refers to the wealthy or propertied social class in a capitalist society. ...

Some of these are Atlantic Revolutions.

• English Revolution – (1642-1653) – Commenced as a civil war between Parliament and King, culminating in the execution of Charles I and the establishment of a republican Protectorate.
• Glorious Revolution – (England in (1688) – Overthrow of King James II and establishment of a Whig-dominated Protestant constitutional monarchy.
• American Revolution – (1774-1783) – Established independence of the 13 colonies from Great Britain, creating the republic of the United States of America
• French Revolution – (1789) – Regarded as one of the most influential of all Revolutions, frequently associated with the rise of the bourgeoisie and the downfall of the aristocracy.
• Irish Rebellion – (1798) – Failed attempt to overthrow British rule in the country.
• Irish Revolution – (1916-1923) – The period of nationalist rebellion, guerrilla warfare, political change and civil war which brought about the establishment of the Irish Free State.
• Haitian Revolution – (1804) – Successful slave rebellion led by Jean-Jacques Dessalines. Established Haiti as the first free, black republic.
• July Revolution (1830)
• Belgian Revolution (1830)
• Rebellions of 1837 – (1837-1838) – Failed republican revolutions against British rule in Canada.
• Revolutions of 1848 – (1848) – Wave of failed liberal and republican revolutions that swept Europe.
• Taiping Rebellion – 1851 Rebellion against the Qing Dynasty and Manchu domination.
• Indian rebellion of 1857 Also called the War of Independence of 1857 and popularly known in the West as the Sepoy Mutiny, this rebellion was against British imperialism and marks the end of Mughal rule in India.
• Russian Revolution of 1905 – (1905) – Failed bourgeois-liberal revolution against Tsar Nicholas II
• Young Turk Revolution – (1908)– Forced the autocratic ruler Abdul Hamid II to restore parliament and constitution.
• Mexican Revolution – (1910) – Overthrow of dictator Porfirio Díaz, seizure of power by Institutional Revolutionary Party.
• Xinhai Revolution – (1911) – Overthrow of ruling Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China.
• February Revolution – (1917) – Liberal revolution against Tsar Nicholas II
• German Revolution – (1918) – Overthrow of the Kaiser by a workers' revolution, establishment of the Weimar Republic.

Atlantic Revolutions is a cover term for a wave of late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century revolutions associated with the Enlightenment. ... The English Civil War (or Wars) refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651, specifically to the first (1642–1645) and second (1648–1649) civil wars between the supporters of Charles I of England and the supporters... Events January 4 - Charles I attempts to arrest five leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. ... Events February 2 - New Amsterdam (later renamed New York City) is incorporated. ... Insert non-formatted text hereInsert non-formatted text here:This article is about the legislative institution. ... Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. ... For the rule of Oliver Cromwell, see The Protectorate. ... The term Glorious Revolution refers to the generally popular overthrow of James II of England in 1688 by a conspiracy between some parliamentarians and the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the British Isles Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001 Census) – Density Ranked 1st UK... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... James II of England and VII of Scotland ( 14 October 1633–16 September 1701 ) became King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland from 6 February 1685. ... While the Whigs (along with the Tories) are often described as one of the two political parties in late 17th to mid 19th century Great Britain, it is more accurate to describe them as loose political groupings or tendencies. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... A constitutional monarchy is a form of monarchical government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges a hereditary or elected monarch as head of state. ... The American Revolution ended two centuries of British rule for most of the North American colonies and created the modern United States of America. ... 1774 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1783 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Betsy Ross purportedly sewed the first American flag with 13 stars and 13 stripes representing each of the 13 colonies. ... In a broad definition, a republic is a state whose political organization rests on the principle that the citizens or electorate constitute the ultimate root of legitimacy and sovereignty. ... The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a period in the history of France. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Bourgeoisie (RP [], GA []) in modern use refers to the wealthy or propertied social class in a capitalist society. ... -1... The Irish Rebellion of 1798 or 1798 rebellion as it is known locally, was an uprising in 1798, lasting several months, against the British establishment in Ireland. ... 1798 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... An Irish War of Independence memorial in Dublin The Anglo-Irish War (also known as the Irish War of Independence) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the extra-legal Irish parliament... 1916 (MCMXVI) is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 - The Royal Army Medical Corps first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Guerrilla War redirects here. ... The Irish Civil War (June 1922–April 1923) was a conflict between supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 6, 1921, which established the Irish Free State, precursor of todays Republic of Ireland. ... The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British and... The Haitian Revolution was the first successful slave rebellion in the Western Hemisphere and established Haiti as a free, black republic, the first of its kind. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jean-Jacques Dessalines (September 20, 1758–October 17, 1806) was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and an Emperor of Haiti (1804–1806 under the name of Jacques I). ... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution, was a revolt by the middle class against Bourbon King Charles X which forced him out of office and replaced him with the Orleanist King Louis-Philippe... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Episode of the Belgian Revolution of 1830, Egide Charles Gustave Wappers (1834), in the Musée dArt Ancien, Brussels The Belgian Revolution was a conflict in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands that began with a riot in Brussels in August 1830 and eventually led to the establishment of... Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Rebellions of 1837 were a pair of Canadian armed uprisings that occurred in 1837 in response to frustrations in political reform and ethnic conflict. ... 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... | Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Taiping Rebellion (1851 - 1864) was the second bloodiest conflict in history, a clash between the forces of Imperial China and those inspired by a Hakka self-proclaimed mystic named Hong Xiuquan, who was also a Christian convert who had claimed that he was the new Messiah and younger brother... 1851 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1857–1858 was a period of armed uprising as well as rebellions in mostly northern and central India against British occupation of the subcontinent. ... The Russian Revolution of 1905 was an empire-wide spasm of both anti-government and undirected violence. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Bourgeois at the end of the thirteenth century. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Tsar Nicholas II (18 May 1868 to 17 July 1918)1 was the last crowned Emperor of Russia. ... The 1908 Young Turk Revolution even though a popular constitutional movement, was a watershed in the history of the late Ottoman Empire. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Sultan Abdul Hamid II Abd-ul-Hamid II also Abdulhamid, Abdülhemit, Abdul Hamid, Abd al-Hamid II, or Abdul-Hamid (September 21, 1842 – February 10, 1918) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from August 31, 1876 – April 27, 1909. ... Mural by Diego Rivera at Palacio de Gobierno (Mexico City) The Mexican Revolution, sometimes called the Mexican Revolution of 1910, was a violent social and cultural movement, colored by socialist, nationalist, and anarchist tendencies, that began with the popular rejection of dictator Porfirio Díaz Mori in 1910 and continued... -1... Term of office: 29 November 1876 to 30 November 1880 (first term) – 1 December 1884 to 1910 (second term) Preceded by: Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada (1876), Manuel González (1884) Succeeded by: Manuel González (1880), Francisco León de la Barra interim (1911) Date of birth: 15 September... The Institutional Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario Institucional or PRI) is a Mexican political party that wielded hegemonic power in the country – under a succession of names – for more than 70 years. ... The Xinhai Revolution (or Hsinhai Revolution, Chinese: 辛亥革命; pinyin: Xīnhài Gémìng), named for the Chinese year of Xinhai (1911), was the overthrow (October 10, 1911-February 12, 1912) of Chinas ruling Qing Dynasty, sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, and the establishment of the Republic of China. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: qÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China, expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner Asia, establishing... National motto: None Official language Mandarin Chinese Capital and largest city Taipei President Chen Shui-bian Vice President Annette Lu Premier Su Tseng-chang Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 138th 35,980 km² 2. ... The February Revolution of 1917 in Russia was the first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Tsar Nicholas II (18 May 1868 to 17 July 1918)1 was the last crowned Emperor of Russia. ... This article describes the November 1918 revolution in Germany. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Kaiser is the German title meaning Emperor, derived from the Roman title of Caesar, as is the Slavic title of Tsar. ... Flag of Weimar Republic, 1919–1933 Coat of arms The Weimar Republic (German Weimarer Republik, IPA: []) is the historical name for the republic that governed Germany from 1919 to 1933. ...

Socialist and/or Communist revolutions

• The Revolutionary Commune of Paris – 1871
• Russian Revolution – (1917) – The most famous and influential modern revolution, culminating in the Bolshevik seizure of power and the establishment of the Soviet Union.
• German Revolution – (1919)) – Failed revolution in Germany led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht
• Hungarian revolutions – 1919 and 1949
• Mongolia – 1921
• Spanish Revolution – 1936
• North Korea – 1948
• Chinese Revolution – (1949) – Victory of Communist-led peasant rebellion under Chairman Mao over the ruling Nationalist Party, establishment of People's Republic of China.
• Algerian Revolution – (1954 – 1962) – Revolutionary war of independence against French imperialism.
• North Vietnam – period of 1945-1954
• Cuban Revolution – (1959) – Fidel Castro-led rebellion against U.S.-backed dictator Fulgencio Batista; victory of revolutionary government of Fidel Castro.
• The Congo – 1964 and 1968
• The Zanzibar Revolution of 1964, see [1]
• Cultural Revolution – (1966-1976) Maoist led turmoil in People's Republic of China.
• South Yemen – 1967
• France, May 1968 – (1968) – Students' and workers' revolt against the Government of Charles de Gaulle.
• Libya – 1969
• Somalia – 1969
• Benin – 1972
• Ethiopia – 1974
• Carnation Revolution – (1974) in Portugal – Left-wing popular overthrow of right-wing dictatorship.
• Guinea-Bissauan Revolution – 1974
• Cambodia – 1975
• South Vietnam – 1975
• Laos – 1975
• Madagascar – 1975
• Cape Verde – 1975
• Mozambique – 1975
• Angola – 1975
• Afghanistan – 1978
• Grenada – 1979
• Nicaraguan Revolution – (1979) – Popular overthrow of the Somoza dictatorship by progressive/Marxist peasant movement.
• Burkina Faso – 1983
• Bolivarian Revolution – (1998) – Venezuela elects socialist Hugo Chávez.

The term Paris Commune originally referred to the government of Paris during the French Revolution. ... 1871 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a series of political events in Russia, which, after the elimination of the Russian autocracy system, and the Provisional Government (Duma), resulted in the establishment of the Soviet power under the control of the Bolshevik party. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... This article describes the November 1918 revolution in Germany. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Rosa Luxemburg Rosa Luxemburg (March 5, 1870 or 1871 – January 15, 1919, in Polish Róża Luksemburg) was a Polish-born German Marxist political theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary. ... â–¶ (help· info) (August 13, 1871 - January 15, 1919) was a German socialist and a co-founder of the Spartacist League and the Communist Party of Germany. ... The Hungarian Soviet Republic was the political regime in Hungary from March 21, 1919 until the beginning of August of the same year, and it is the second Communist (or soviet) government in world history, after the one in Russia (1917). ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... In Spanish history, there have been several revolutions. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Chinese Kuomintang Chinese Communist Party Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong Strength 3,600,000 circa June 1948 2,800,000 circa June 1948 Casualties {{{notes}}} The Chinese Civil War (Traditional Chinese: 國共内戰; Simplified Chinese: 国共内战; Hanyu Pinyin: ; literally Nationalist-Communist Civil War) was a conflict in China between the Kuomintang... 1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ... The Communist Party of China (CPC) or Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (Simplified Chinese: 中国共产党; Traditional Chinese: 中國共産黨; Hanyu Pinyin: ) is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893—September 9, 1976) was the chairman of the Communist Party of China from 1935 until his death. ... The Chinese Nationalist Party (Traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨; Simplified Chinese: 中国国民党; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chung1-kuo2 Kuo2-min2-tang3; Tongyong Pinyin: Jhōngguó GuómíndÇŽng), commonly known as the Kuomintang (KMT), is a conservative political party currently active in the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan. ... The Algerian War of Independence (1954–62) was a period of guerrilla strikes, maquis fighting, terrorism against civilians on both sides, and riots between the French army and colonists, or the colons as they were called, in Algeria and the FLN (Front de Libération Nationale) and other pro-independence... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Imperialism is a policy of extending control or authority over foreign entities as a means of acquisition and/or maintenance of empires, either through direct territorial conquest or through indirect methods of exerting control on the politics and/or economy of other countries. ... The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cá»™ng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in 1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the Soviet Union... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar General Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was the de facto leader of Cuba from 1933 to 1940 and the countrys de jure President from 1940 to 1944 and the countrys unchallenged leader, after a coup, from 1952... Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (pron. ... For the Nintendo 64 emulator, see 1964 (Emulator). ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... A poster during the Cultural Revolution. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link goes to calendar) // Events January January 1 - In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa ousts president David Dacko and takes over the Central African Republic. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought (Chinese: 毛泽东思想, pinyin: Máo Zédōng SÄ«xiÇŽng), is a variant of Marxism-Leninism derived from the teachings of Mao Zedong (1893–1976). ... National motto: ??? Official language Arabic Capital Aden Area 287,680 km² Population  - Total (1973)  - Density 1,590,275 5. ... 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 1968 poster: Be young and shut up. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle ( (help· info)) (November 22, 1890-November 9, 1970), in France commonly referred to as général de Gaulle, was a French military leader and statesman. ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year that started on a Tuesday. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was an almost bloodless, left-leaning, military-led revolution started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy after a two-year process of a Left-wing semi-military... 1974 (MCMLXXIV in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply the right, are terms which refer, with no particular precision, to the segment of the political spectrum in opposition to left-wing politics. ... Dictatorship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Portuguese: Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde), or PAIGC, was an organisation founed in Portuguese Guinea (today Guinea-Bissau) by the Marxist Amílcar Cabral in 1956, with the aim of achieving independence for Cape... 1974 (MCMLXXIV in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... Official language Vietnamese Capital Saigon Last President Duong Van Minh Last Prime Minister Vu Van Mau Area  - Total  - % water 173,809 km² N/A Population  - Total  - Density 19,370,000 (1973 est. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII in Roman) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... Sandinista! is also the name of a popular music album by The Clash. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... Somoza was the name of an influential family dictatorship in Nicaragua. ... In a detail of Brueghels Land of Cockaigne (1567) a soft-boiled egg has little feet to rush to the luxuriating peasant who catches drops of honey on his tongue, while roast pigs roam wild: the 16th century was a good time for European peasants A peasant, from 15th... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Chávez extols the anti-imperialist aspects of Bolivarianism, which were first kindled during his college years, in an address to hundreds of thousands of chavistas along Caracass Avenida Bolívar on May 16, 2004. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (English IPA: ; Spanish IPA: ; born July 28, 1954) is the 53rd[1] and current President of Venezuela. ...

Eastern European anti-Communist/anti-dictatorship revolutions

• Hungarian Revolution – (1956) Workers' and peasants' left-wing revolution against the imposed Communist Party-run state dictatorship, suppressed by Soviet forces.
• Prague Spring – (1968) Led by Alexander Dubček, the attempted political liberalization of Czechoslovakia in defiance of the imposed Communist Party-run state régime, crushed by Soviet forces.
• Singing Revolution – (1988) Bloodless overthrow of Communist Party-run state in Estonia.
• Romanian Revolution – (1989) Violent overthrow of Communist Party-run state in Romania.
• Velvet Revolution – (1989) Bloodless overthrow of Communist Party-run state in Czechoslovakia.
• Bulldozer Revolution – (2000) Bloodless overthrow of Slobodan Milošević's régime in Yugoslavia.

Hungarians investigate a disabled Soviet tank in Budapest The 1956 Hungarian Revolution, also known as the Hungarian Uprising or simply the Hungarian Revolt, was an anti-Soviet revolt in Hungary lasting from 23 October to 4 November 1956. ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition... A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ... People in a café watch Soviet tanks roll past The Prague Spring (Czech: Pražské jaro, Slovak: Pražská jar ) was a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia starting January 5, 1968, and running until August 20 of that year when the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies (except... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Alexander Dubček Alexander Dubček (November 27, 1921 – November 7, 1992) was a Slovak politician and briefly leader of Czechoslovakia (1968-1969), famous for his attempt to reform the Communist regime (Prague Spring). ... A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ... Singing revolution is the common title for events in 1988 - 1990 that led to the renewal of independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII in Roman) was a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ... People on the streets of Bucharest The Romanian Revolution of 1989 was a week-long series of riots and protests in late December of 1989 that overthrew the Communist regime of Nicolae Ceauşescu. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX in Roman) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ... The Velvet Revolution (Czech: samatová revoluce, Slovak: nežná revolúcia) (November 16 - December 29, 1989) refers to a bloodless revolution in Czechoslovakia that saw the overthrow of the communist government there. ... 1989 (MCMLXXXIX in Roman) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ... The Bulldozer Revolution is the colloquial name for the series of events that occured in 2000 in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, that culminated with the downfall of Slobodan MiloÅ¡evićs regime. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević Slobodan MiloÅ¡ević (help· info) (Serbian: Слободан Милошевић, pronounced []; born 20 August 1941) is a former President of Serbia and of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as well as leader of the Socialist Party of Serbia. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all south Slavic languages, in Macedonian and Serbian Cyrillic Југославија) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ...

Islamist revolutions

• Iranian Revolution – (1979) – Popular overthrow of US-backed Shah, culminating in an Islamist cleric-led theocracy.
• Taliban – (1996) – Islamist movement in Afghanistan

Protestors take to the street in support of Ayatollah Khomeini. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... Shah is an Iranian term (Persian and Kurdish) for king, and has also been adopted in many other languages. ... Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ... A cleric is: A member of the clergy of a religion, especially one that has trained or ordained priests, preachers, or other religious professionals; or A member of a character class in Dungeons & Dragons and similar fantasy role-playing games. ... The term theocracy is used to describe a form of government in which a religion or faith plays the dominant role. ... Flag flown by the Taliban. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

Color revolutions

Note that some of these (particularly the rose and orange revolutions) only changed one government with another, and did not modify the political or economic systems of their countries. As such, they are purely political revolutions. Color revolutions or Flower revolutions are the names given collectively to a series of related movements that developed in post-communist societies in Central and Eastern Europe and are possibly spreading elsewhere including some places in the middle east. ...

• Rose Revolution in Georgia (2003)
• Orange Revolution in Ukraine (2004)
• Cedar Revolution in Lebanon (2005)
• Tulip Revolution or Yellow Revolution in Kyrgyzstan (2005)

There was also a failed attempt at a popular revolution following in the spirit of the color revolutions in Azerbaijan, for the 2004 parliamentary elections. It is suspected that a similar attempt may be made after the 2006 Belarussian presidential elections. Mikhail Saakashvili and his supporters marched on the parliament carrying roses as a symbol of nonviolence Rose Revolution refers to a peaceful 2003 revolution in the country of Georgia that displaced president Eduard Shevardnadze. ... Orange-clad supporters of Viktor Yushchenko gather in Independence Square in Kiev. ... Cedar Revolution has become the Western medias most commonly used name for the chain of demonstrations and popular civic action in Lebanon (mainly Beirut) triggered by the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri on February 14, 2005. ... a tulip, the symbol of the revolution The Tulip Revolution refers to the overthrow of President Askar Akayev and his government in the Central Asian republic of Kyrgyzstan after the parliamentary elections of February 27 and of March 13, 2005. ... The Tulip Revolution refers to the overthrow of President Askar Akayev and his government in the Central Asian republic of Kyrgyzstan after the parliamentary elections of February 27 and of March 13, 2005. ... Politics of Azerbaijan Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Azerbaijan ... Elections in Belarus gives information on election and election results in Belarus. ...

Cultural, intellectual, and philosophical revolutions

• Renaissance
• Protestant Reformation
• Scientific revolution
• Sexual revolution
• Quiet Revolution
• Consciousness Revolution

By region Italian Renaissance Spanish Renaissance Northern Renaissance English Renaissance French Renaissance German Renaissance Polish Renaissance The Renaissance, also known as Il Rinascimento (in Italian), was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution, religious reform and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which emerged in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe. ... In the history of science, the scientific revolution was the period that roughly began with the discoveries of Kepler, Galileo, and others at the dawn of the 17th century, and ended with the publication of the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica in 1687 by Isaac Newton. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Jean Lesage, Daniel Johnson Sr. ... The Consciousness Revolution was a period of spiritual awakening in American history, according to Strauss and Howe in their books Generations and Fourth Turning. ...

Technological revolutions

(although these revolutions always have an influence on culture)

• Agricultural Revolution
• Digital Revolution
• Neolithic Revolution
• Price revolution
• Industrial Revolution
• Second Industrial Revolution

In the Earths history there have been a number of agricultural revolutions. ... The Digital Revolution describes the effects of rapid drop in cost and ongoing improvement of digital devices such as computers replacing or emulating analog devices, enabling former unthinkable innovations like the WWW. It includes changes in technology and society, and is often specifically used to refer to the controversies that... The Neolithic (or New Stone Age) was a period in the development of human technology that is traditionally the last part of the Stone Age. ... Used generally to describe a series of economic events from the second half of the 15th century to the first half of the 17th, the price revolution refers most specifically to the high rate of inflation that characterized the period across Western Europe, with prices on average rising perhaps sixfold... The Industrial Revolution (more correctly, the First Industrial Revolution) was one of the major technological, socioeconomic and cultural changes in the late 18th and early 19th century resulting from the replacement of an economy based on manual labour to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture. ... The Second Industrial Revolution (1871-1914) involved significant developments for society and the world. ...

See also

• Anarchism
• Revolt
• Coup d'état
• List of fictional revolutions and coups

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Revolution

The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... This article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. ... A coup détat (pronounced ), or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government against the volonté générale formed by the majority of the citizen, usually done by a smaller supposedly weaker body that just replaces the top power figures. ... This is a list of fictional coups détat, coup attempts, revolutions, and revolution attempts in various media: instances that are mentioned or described in fictional works but have not occurred in reality. ... Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo-en. ... Wikiquote logo Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ...

External links

• libcom.org History Section - contains histories of revolutionary movements throughout the world
• United 4 Belarus Campaign British website drawing attention to political crisis in Belarus, where a popular revolution is suspected after the 2006 presidential elections.