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Encyclopedia > Richard Durbin
Richard Durbin
Richard Durbin

Incumbent
Assumed office 
January 7, 1997
Serving with Barack Obama
Preceded by Paul Martin Simon

Incumbent
Assumed office 
January 4, 2007
Preceded by Mitch McConnell

In office
January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1997
Preceded by Paul Findley
Succeeded by John Shimkus

Born November 21, 1944 (1944-11-21) (age 62)
East St. Louis, Illinois
Political party Democratic
Spouse Loretta Schaefer
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic

Richard Joseph "Dick" Durbin, (born November 21, 1944) is currently the senior United States Senator from Illinois and Democratic Whip, the second highest position in the party leadership in the Senate. He became Majority Whip of the US Senate when the 110th Congress convened on January 4, 2007. He currently resides in Springfield, Illinois. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Politics Portal      The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the bicameral United States Congress, the... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... For the ecclesiastical office, see Incumbent (ecclesiastical). ... is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... “Barack” redirects here. ... Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 - December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. ... The U.S. Senate Majority Whip is the second ranking member of the United States Senate. ... For the ecclesiastical office, see Incumbent (ecclesiastical). ... is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Addison Mitchell Mitch McConnell, Jr. ... The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ... These are tables of congressional delegations from Illinois to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. ... is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 3rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Paul Findley was a former United States Representative from Illinois, representing its 20th District. ... Shimkus visits Amman, Jordan in January of 2005. ... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Illinois. ... East St. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major United States political parties. ... For the fish called lawyer, see Burbot. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... The Assistant Majority and Minority Leaders of the United States Senate (commonly called Senate Majority and Minority Whips) are the second-ranking members of their parties in the United States Senate. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Politics Portal      The United States Senate is one of the two chambers of the bicameral United States Congress, the... In politics, a whip is a member of a political party in a legislature whose task is to ensure that members of the party attend and vote as the party leadership desires. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... The 110th United States Congress will be in session from noon on January 3, 2007 until noon on January 3, 2009. ... is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... : Home of President Abraham Lincoln United States Illinois Sangamon 60. ...

Contents

Early life and family

Durbin was born in East St. Louis to an Irish-American father, William Durbin, and a Lithuanian-born mother, Ann Kutkin.[1] He graduated from Assumption High School in East St. Louis in 1962. During his high school years he worked at a meat packing plant. He earned a B.S. from the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University in 1966, where he graduated two years ahead of another famous Democratic politician, future President Bill Clinton. He served as an intern in the office of Illinois Senator Paul Douglas during his senior year in college. Durbin earned his J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center in 1969 and was admitted to the Illinois bar later that year. East St. ... Irish Americans (Irish: Gael-Mheiriceánach) are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in the west European nation of Ireland. ... East St. ... Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service (commonly abbreviated SFS) is a school within Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., United States. ... Georgetown University is an elite private research university located in Georgetown, Washington, D.C., United States. ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... This article is about the economist and senator; Paul Douglas. ... Doctor of Law, Doctor of Jurisprudence, or Juris Doctor (abbreviated J.D. or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a professional degree in law offered by universities in a number of countries. ... The schools original sign, preserved on the north quad of the present-day campus. ... A bar association is a body of lawyers who, in some jurisdictions, are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession. ...


Durbin then opened a law practice in Springfield. He served as legal counsel to Lieutenant Governor Paul Simon from 1969 to 1972, and then as legal counsel to the Illinois State Senate Judiciary Committee from 1972 to 1982. He ran for Lieutenant Governor in 1978 as the running mate of State Superintendent of Schools Michael Bakalis; they were defeated by the Republican incumbents, Jim Thompson and Dave O'Neal. He then served as an adjunct professor at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine for five years while maintaining his law practice. : Home of President Abraham Lincoln United States Illinois Sangamon 60. ... The Lieutenant Governor of Illinois is the secondary chief executive of the State of Illinois and the various agencies and departments over which the lieutenant governor has specific jurisdiction. ... Paul Martin Simon (November 29, 1928 – December 9, 2003) was an American politician from Illinois. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Illinois Senate convenes at the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... David C. ONeil (1937-) was Lieutenant Governor of Illinois from 1977-1982. ... Southern Illinois University is a university in southern Illinois with two institutions and multiple campuses. ...


In 1982, Durbin won the Democratic nomination for the 20th Congressional District, which includes most of Springfield. He scored a huge upset, defeating 22-year incumbent Paul Findley. Durbin was reelected six more times, rarely facing serious opposition. He often points out that up until the campaign against Findley, he had never won an election — even losing an election to be a ward chief for the Democratic Party. But since the Findley campaign, he has never lost a race, either before the voters or within the House or Senate Democratic caucuses. Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Paul Findley was a former United States Representative from Illinois, representing its 20th District. ...


Durbin and his wife Loretta have two daughters, Christine and Jennifer, and a son, Paul.


Service in the U.S. Senate

Durbin became the Democratic Party's candidate for the Senate to replace the retiring Democratic incumbent, Paul Simon, in 1996. The two had long been friends, and Durbin considers Simon his mentor. He faced Republican State Representative Al Salvi in November. Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... The Illinois House of Representatives convenes at the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield. ... Albert J. Salvi (born April 25, 1960 in Evanston, Illinois) is a radio talk show host, attorney, and former Illinois State Representative and Republican candidate for U.S. Senate and Secretary of State. ...


Although the election was initially expected to be competitive, Durbin won by a surprising 15-point margin, undoubtedly helped by Bill Clinton's 18-point win in Illinois that year. He was handily reelected in 2002 as the Democrats nearly swept the state, taking all but one statewide office up for election. He is heavily favored for a third term in 2008. Republican hold in light red, Republican pickup in dark red, Democratic hold in light blue, Democratic pickup in dark blue. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Republican hold in light red, Republican pickup in dark red, Democratic hold in light blue, Democratic pickup in dark blue. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


Durbin has a reliably liberal voting record on most issues[2]. Among his legislative causes are asbestos regulation and environmental protection, particularly the protection of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. He has also been noted for his work, along with Senators Patrick Leahy and Charles Schumer, in blocking conservative judicial nominations, as well as his efforts to avert the closure of military bases in Illinois. This article discusses the history and development of various notions of liberalism in the United States. ... For other uses, see Asbestos (disambiguation). ... The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) covers 19,049,236 acres (79,318 km²) in northeastern Alaska, in the North Slope region. ... Patrick Joseph Leahy (born March 31, 1940) is the senior United States Senator from Vermont. ... Charles Ellis Chuck Schumer (born November 23, 1950) is a Jewish American politician. ... Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) is a process of the United States federal government directed at the administration and operation of the US Armed Forces, used by the United States Department of Defense and Congress to close excess military installations and realign the total asset inventory in order to save...


Durbin was one of the 23 US senators to vote against the Iraq Resolution to employ military force in 2002.[3] Iraq Resolution and Iraq War Resolution are popular names for the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 (Public law 107-243, 116 Stat. ...


On November 5, 2004, Durbin announced that he had enough committed votes to become the Democratic Whip in the 109th Congress. Prior to this, he had been the Assistant Democratic Floor Leader, a position to which he was appointed by former Senate Minority Leader Tom Daschle. He became majority whip when the Democrats gained control of the Senate after the 2006 elections. is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A whip in the United States Senate is a member of the party leadership who comes second in line after the partys floor leader. ... ... The Senate Minority Leader is a member of the United States Senate who is elected by his or her party conference to serve as the chief Senate spokesmen for his or her party and to manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate. ... Thomas Andrew Daschle (born December 9, 1947) is a former U.S. Senator and Senate Majority Leader from South Dakota. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


During his time as Democratic whip, Durbin has been noted for his sharp debating skills. Durbin has also been noted for his effectiveness at framing and articulating the Democrats' message, and many have said that he is an effective whip both because of his strategic skills and because he has assiduously avoided any talk of higher aspirations.


In January of 2005, Durbin changed his longstanding position on sugar tariffs and price supports. After several years of voting to keep sugar quotas and price supports, Durbin now favors abolishing the program. "The sugar program depended on congressmen like me from states that grew corn," Durbin said, referring to the fact that, though they were formerly a single entity, the sugar market and the corn syrup market are now largely separate.[4] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In economics, a price support may be either a subsidy or a price control, both with the intended effect of keeping the market price of a good higher than the competitive equilibrium level. ... Protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between nations, through methods such as high tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, a variety of restrictive government regulations designed to discourage imports, and anti-dumping laws in an attempt to protect domestic industries in a particular nation from foreign take-over... Corn syrup, whose chemical formula is C6H12O6, is a syrup made from corn starch and composed mainly of glucose. ...


In April of 2006, TIME Magazine listed Senator Durbin as one of the American's 10 Best Senators[5]. (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ...


In May 2006, Durbin campaigned to maintain a $0.54 per gallon tariff on imported ethanol. Durbin justified the tariff by joining Senator Barack Obama in stating that "ethanol imports are neither necessary nor a practical response to current gasoline prices," arguing instead that domestic ethanol production is sufficient and expanding.[6] Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, drinking alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless, slightly toxic chemical compound, and is best known as the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. ... “Barack” redirects here. ...


In late 2006, when fellow Illinois Senator Barack Obama stated that he was considering a 2008 Presidential bid, Durbin became a vocal supporter of such an effort. “Barack” redirects here. ...


Accordng to the National Journal conservative/liberal source, Durbin is currently the most liberal Senator [1]. National Journal is a weekly magazine that provides Insight for Insiders through nonpartisan reporting on the current political environment as well as emerging political and policy trends. ...


Interest group ratings

Senator Durbin's ratings from interest groups indicate how often he votes in agreement with their priorities; his particular scores indicate a Democratic record. Given his leadership position — especially since the Whip's job is to cajole senators to toe the party line — Durbin's voting record is very similar to the Democratic caucus position.

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, commonly AFL-CIO, is a national trade union center, the largest federation of unions in the United States, made up of 54 national and international unions (including Canadian), together representing more than 10 million workers. ... Current logo for AARP, in use since January 2007 For the AppleTalk protocol developed by Apple Computer, see AppleTalk address resolution protocol (AARP). ... The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a major American non-profit organization whose stated mission is to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.[1] It works through litigation, legislation, and community... The American Public Health Association (APHA) is a professional organization for public health professionals in the United States. ... The Cato Institute is a libertarian think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Institutes stated mission is to broaden the parameters of public policy debate to allow consideration of the traditional American principles of limited government, individual liberty, free markets, and peace by striving to achieve greater involvement... This article is about the organization presently operating in the United States. ... Gun Owners of America is the second largest gun rights organization in America. ... The League of Conservation Voters is an American environmentalist lobby. ... NARAL Pro-Choice America (pronounced Nay-ral) is a United States group that favors the right to legal abortions and engages in political action to oppose restrictions on what it portrays as womens right to abort. ... The National Education Association (NEA) is the largest labor union in the United States, representing many of the countrys teachers along with other school personnel. ... This article concerns the National Rifle Association of the USA. For the UK organisation, see National Rifle Association of the United Kingdom The National Rifle Association, or NRA, is a non-profit group for the promotion of marksmanship, firearm safety, and the protection of hunting and personal protection firearm rights... National Taxpayers Union (NTU) is an pro-taxpayers advocacy organization in the United States, founded in 1969 by James Dale Davidson. ... The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the worlds largest not-for-profit business federation, representing 3,000,000 businesses 2,800 state and local chambers 830 business associations They are staffed with policy specialists, lobbyists and lawyers. ... Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW) is a prominent taxpayer watchdog group in the USA. Its stated goal is to eliminate waste, fraud, abuse and mismanagement in the federal government. ...

June 2005 Controversy

Sen. Durbin became a hot media topic on June 14, 2005[7], when on the U.S. Senate floor he compared interrogation techniques used at Camp X-Ray, Guantanamo Bay, as reported by the FBI, with those utilized by such regimes as Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and the Khmer Rouge: Camp X-Ray, shown here under construction, was a temporary holding facility for detainees held at U.S. Naval Base Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. ... Detainees upon arrival at Camp X-Ray, January 2002 Guantánamo Bay detainment camp serves as a joint military prison and interrogation center under the leadership of Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO), has occupied a portion of the United States Navys base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba since 2002. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Flag of Democratic Kampuchea Photos of genocide victims on display at the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum The Khmer Rouge (Khmer: ) was the ruling political party of Cambodia -- which it renamed to Democratic Kampuchea -- from 1975 to 1979. ...

When you read some of the graphic descriptions of what has occurred here — I almost hesitate to put them in the record, and yet they have to be added to this debate. Let me read to you what one FBI agent saw. And I quote from his report:
On a couple of occasions, I entered interview rooms to find a detainee chained hand and foot in a fetal position to the floor, with no chair, food or water. Most times they urinated or defecated on themselves, and had been left there for 18–24 hours or more. On one occasion, the air conditioning had been turned down so far and the temperature was so cold in the room, that the barefooted detainee was shaking with cold....On another occasion, the [air conditioner] had been turned off, making the temperature in the unventilated room well over 100 degrees. The detainee was almost unconscious on the floor, with a pile of hair next to him. He had apparently been literally pulling his hair out throughout the night. On another occasion, not only was the temperature unbearably hot, but extremely loud rap music was being played in the room, and had been since the day before, with the detainee chained hand and foot in the fetal position on the tile floor.
If I read this to you and did not tell you that it was an FBI agent describing what Americans had done to prisoners in their control, you would most certainly believe this must have been done by Nazis, Soviets in their gulags, or some mad regime — Pol Pot or others — that had no concern for human beings. Sadly, that is not the case. This was the action of Americans in the treatment of their prisoners."

Durbin’s comments drew bipartisan criticism, claiming that comparing U.S. actions to such regimes was insulting to both the U.S. and to victims of genocide. Radio host Rush Limbaugh and White House deputy chief of staff Karl Rove accused Durbin of treason,[8] while former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich called on the Senate to censure Durbin.[9] Chicago Mayor Richard Daley, whose son Patrick is serving in US Army, also called on Durbin to apologize for his remarks saying that “I think it's a disgrace to say that any man or woman in the military would act like that”.[10] New Mexico Democratic state party chairman, John Wertheim, and Arizona party chairman Jim Pederson were also critical of Durban’s remarks.[11] The leader of the Veterans of Foreign Wars also demanded an apology[12], as did the Anti-Defamation League[13] Durbin at first refused, but on June 21, 2005, went before the Senate to tearfully apologize for his statement[14], saying, "More than most people, a senator lives by his words ... occasionally words fail us, occasionally we will fail words." The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... Soviet redirects here. ... Gulag ( , Russian: ) was the government body responsible for administering prison camps across the former Soviet Union. ... Saloth Sar (May 19, 1925 – April 15, 1998), better known as Pol Pot, was the leader of the Khmer Rouge and the Prime Minister of Cambodia (officially renamed the Democratic Kampuchea during his rule) from 1976 to 1979, having been de facto leader since mid-1975. ... Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction of an ethnic or national group. ... Rush Hudson Limbaugh III (born January 12, 1951) is an American radio talk show host and political commentator. ... Karl Christian Rove (born December 25, 1950) is Deputy Chief of Staff to President George W. Bush until the end of August 2007. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Newton Leroy Gingrich (born June 17, 1943), Ph. ... Richard Daley may refer to: Richard J. Daley, Mayor of Chicago (1955-1976), father of Richard M. Daley Richard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago (1989-present), son of Richard J. Daley This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same... The Veterans of Foreign Wars, or VFW, is an American organization whose members are current or former members of the U.S. armed forces. ... The Anti-Defamation League (or ADL) is an advocacy group founded by Bnai Brith in the United States whose stated aim is to stop, by appeals to reason and conscience and, if necessary, by appeals to law, the defamation of the Jewish people. ...


Several notable commentators supported Durbin during what had quickly become a minor skirmish in the Culture Wars. These included a fomer editor of The New Republic, Andrew Sullivan, who praised Durbin for raising serious moral issues about U.S. policy[15]. Other commentators (including popular liberal commentator Markos Moulitsas Zúniga of Daily Kos) actively condemned Durbin issuing any form of apology to his critics, believing Durbin to have made a mistake in making himself (rather than detainment and torture concerns at Guantanamo Bay) the focus of media coverage.[16][17] For other uses, see New Republic. ... Andrew Michael Sullivan (born August 10, 1963) is a libertarian conservative author and political commentator, distinguished by his often personal style of political analysis, and pioneering achievements in the field of blog journalism. ... Markos Kos Moulitsas Zúniga. ... Daily Kos (IPA: ) is an American political blog, publishing news and opinion from a progressive point of view. ... Detainees upon arrival at Camp X-Ray, January 2002 Guantánamo Bay detainment camp serves as a joint military prison and interrogation center under the leadership of Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO), has occupied a portion of the United States Navys base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba since 2002. ...


Issues

Abortion

As a congressman Richard Durbin voted consistently to uphold pre-existing restrictions on abortion or impose new limitations — including supporting a Constitutional amendment that would have nullifed Roe v. Wade.[18] Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Shortcut: WP:NPOV Wikipedia policy is that all articles should be written from a neutral point of view. ... Holding Texas law making it a crime to assist a woman to get an abortion violated her due process rights. ...


Congressman Durbin reversed this stance in 1989, and has since voted to maintain access to abortion, including support for Medicaid funding of the procedure, and opposition to any limitation that he considers a practical or potential encroachment upon Roe.[19]


Senator Durbin has maintained that this reversal came about as a result of personal reflection and his growing awareness of potentially harmful implications of his previous policy with respect to women facing dangerous pregnancies.[20]


Electoral history

  • 2002 Race for U.S. Senate
  • 1996 Race for U.S. Senate
    • Dick Durbin (D), 56%
    • Al Salvi (R), 41%

Jim Durkin was a Republican member of the Illinois state senate representing the 44th district from 1995-2002. ... Albert J. Salvi (born April 25, 1960 in Evanston, Illinois) is a radio talk show host, attorney, and former Illinois State Representative and Republican candidate for U.S. Senate and Secretary of State. ...

Footnotes

Trivia

Major league affiliations American League (1901–present) Central Division (1998–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 2, 5, 6, 16, 23, 42 Name Detroit Tigers (1901–present) Other nicknames The Bless You Boys Ballpark Comerica Park (2000–present) Tiger Stadium (1912-1999) Briggs Stadium (1938-1960) Navin Field (1912-1938) Bennett... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Chad Griffin Durbin (born December 3, 1977, in Spring Valley, Illinois) is a pitcher currently with the Detroit Tigers. ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Articles Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ... The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all members of both houses of the United States Congress, past and present. ...

Political offices
Preceded by
Paul Findley
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 20th congressional district

1983–1997
Succeeded by
John Shimkus
Preceded by
Paul Martin Simon
United States Senator (Class 2) from Illinois
1997–Present
Served alongside: Carol Moseley Braun, Peter Fitzgerald, Barack Obama
Succeeded by
Incumbent
Preceded by
Harry Reid
Nevada
Senate Democratic Whip
2005–Present
Succeeded by
Incumbent
Senate Minority Whip
2005–2007
Succeeded by
Trent Lott
Mississippi
Preceded by
Mitch McConnell
Kentucky
Senate Majority Whip
2007–Present
Succeeded by
Incumbent