NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Riesling

Riesling is a white grape variety and varietal appellation of wines grown historically in Germany (see German wine), Alsace (France), Austria, and northern Italy. It is a very old grape, first documented in 1435, in which year the storage inventory of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen (a small principality on the Rhine) lists the purchase of six barrels of riesslingen from a Rüsselsheim vintner. The modern word Riesling was first documented in 1552 when it was mentioned in Hieronymus Bock's Latin herbal.^[1] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x800, 828 KB) Beschreibung Photographer: Tom Maack, Riesling grapes and leaves. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... It has been suggested that River Rhine Pollution: November 1986 be merged into this article or section. ... This list of wine-producing regions catalogues significant growing regions where vineyards are planted. ... (New rÃ©gion flag) (Region logo) Location Administration Capital Regional President Departments Bas-Rhin Haut-Rhin Arrondissements 13 Cantons 75 Communes 903 Statistics Land area1 8,280 kmÂ² Population (Ranked 14th) - January 1, 2006 est. ... It has been suggested that Veraison be merged into this article or section. ... An appellation in its broadest sense is a name or designation. ... A glass of red wine This article is about the alcoholic beverage. ... German wine from Franken in the characteristic round bottles (Bocksbeutel) German wine is produced in many parts of Germany, and due to the northerly location have produced wines quite unlike any others in Europe, many of outstanding quality. ... (New rÃ©gion flag) (Region logo) Location Administration Capital Regional President Departments Bas-Rhin Haut-Rhin Arrondissements 13 Cantons 75 Communes 903 Statistics Land area1 8,280 kmÂ² Population (Ranked 14th) - January 1, 2006 est. ... For other uses, see number 1435. ... Katzenelnbogen is the name of a medieval German county in todays state of Hesse as well as, today, of a castle and small city in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. ... It has been suggested that River Rhine Pollution: November 1986 be merged into this article or section. ... RÃ¼sselsheim is the largest city in the GroÃŸ-Gerau district in the Rhein-Main region of Germany. ... The term vintner is applied to wine merchants as well as (erroneously) winemakers. ... Events April - War between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades Lorraine and captures Toul, Metz, and Verdun. ... Hieronymus Bock as depicted in a Herbal Hieronymus Bock or JÃ©rÃ´me Bock (1498 - Feb. ...

The most expensive wines made from Riesling are late harvest dessert wines, produced by letting the grapes hang on the vines well past normal picking time. Through evaporation caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea ("noble rot") or by freezing, as in the case of ice wine (in German, Eiswein), water is removed and the resulting wine offers richer layers on the palate. These concentrated wines have more sugar (in extreme cases hundreds of grams per litre), more acid (to give balance to all the sugar), more flavor, and more complexity. These elements combine to make wines which are amongst the most long lived of all white wines. The beneficial use of "noble rot" was discovered in the late 18th century at Schloss Johannisberg. Permission from the Abbey of Fulda, which owned the vineyard, to start picking the grapes arrived too late and the grapes had begun to rot, yet it turned out that the wine made from them was still of excellent quality.^[2]^[3] Late harvest is a term applied to wines made from grapes left on the vine longer than usual. ... Dessert wines are those wines which are typically served with dessert, although they are also drunk on their own, i. ... Binomial name Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel 1945 Botrytis cinerea is a fungus that affects many plant species, although its most economically important hosts are wine grapes[]. In viticulture, it is commonly known as botrytis bunch rot; in horticulture, it is usually called grey mould or gray mold. ... Noble rot (French: La Pourriture Noble) is the benevolent form of a grey fungus, Botrytis cinerea, affecting wine grapes. ... Grapes for ice wine, still frozen on the vine. ... Ice wine is a type of dessert wine produced from grapes that have been frozen. ... Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is the most important carbohydrate in biology. ... Schloss Johannisberg is a German winery that has been making wine in the Rheingau for over 900 years. ... Fulda is a city in Hesse, Germany; it is located on the Fulda River and is the administrative seat of the Fulda district (Kreis). ...

Production regions

Riesling is considered one of the grape varieties that best expresses the terroir of the place where it is grown.^[4] It is particularly well suited for slate and sandy clay soil.^[5] Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1976 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1976 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Mosel-Saar-Ruwer is a German wine-growing-region in the valleys of the rivers Moselle, Saar and Ruwer near Trier, Rhineland-Palatinate. ... Terroir was originally a French term in wine and coffee appreciation used to denote the special characteristics of geography that bestowed individuality upon the food product. ...

Germany

Originating in German soil^[6] today Riesling is Germany’s leading grape variety, known for its characteristic “transparency” in flavor and presentation of terroir,^[7] and its balance between fruit and mineral flavors. In Germany, Riesling normally ripens between late September and late November, and late harvest Riesling can be picked as late as January.

Three common characteristics of German Riesling are that they are rarely blended with other varietals, hardly ever exposed to commercial yeast^[8] and usually never exposed to oak flavor (despite some vintner fermenting in "neutral" oak barrels). To this last item there is an exception with some vinters in the wine regions of Palatinate (Pfalz) and Baden experimenting with new oak aging. The warmer temperatures in those regions produce heavier wines with a higher alcohol content that can better contend with the new oak.^[9] While clearer in individual flavors when it is young, a German Riesling will harmonize more as it ages, particularly around ten years of age. Palatinate (German: ) is a German wine-growing region (Weinbaugebiet) in the area of Bad DÃ¼rkheim, Neustadt an der WeinstraÃŸe, and Landau in Rhineland-Palatinate. ... Baden is a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine. ...

In Germany, sugar levels at time of harvest is an important consideration in the wine's production with prädikat levels measuring the sweetness of the wine. As equally important to winegrowers is the balance of acidity between the green tasting malic acid and the more citrus tasting tartaric acid. In cool years, some growers will wait until November to harvest in hopes of having a higher level of ripeness and subsequent tartaric acid.^[10] QualitÃ¤tswein mit PrÃ¤dikat usually abbreviated to QmP is the level in the German wine classification to which almost all quality German wines belong. ... Malic acid is a tart-tasting organic acid that plays a role in many sour or tart foods. ... Tartaric acid or H2C4H4O6 is a white crystalline organic acid. ...

Before technology in wineries could stabilize temperatures, the low temperatures in winter of the northern German regions would halt fermentation and leave the resulting wines with natural sugars and a low alcohol content. According to local tradition, in the Mosel-Saar-Ruwer region the wine would then be bottled in tall, tapered, and green hock bottles. Similar bottles, although brown, are used for Riesling produced in the Rhine region.^[11] Mosel-Saar-Ruwer is a German wine-growing-region in the valleys of the rivers Moselle, Saar and Ruwer near Trier, Rhineland-Palatinate. ... Hock is an English word for German wine, short for the now obsolete word hockamore (hochheimer), after the German town of Hochheim on the Main. ...

In the late 19th century German horticulturalists devoted many efforts to develop new Riesling hybrids that would create a more flexible, less temperamental grape that could still retain some of the elegant characteristics of Riesling. The most notable is the Müller-Thurgau developed in Geisenheim in 1882, it is said to be a cross of Riesling and Silvaner though this has come under doubt. Other Riesling/Silvaner crosses include the Palatinate regional favorite Scheurebe and Rieslaner. Kerner, a cross between Riesling and the red wine grape Trollinger is a high quality cross that has recently eclipsed Riesling in plantings.^[12] MÃ¼ller-Thurgau is a variety of white grape (sp. ... Cathedral in Geisenheim Geisenheim is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis district, in Hesse, Germany. ... Silvaner is a white wine grape variety. ... Scheurebe is a white wine grape variety created by Georg Scheu in Germany in 1916 as a cross between Silvaner and Riesling. ... Rieslaner is a breed cross of the Silvaner and Riesling grape that was first produced in VeitshÃ¶cheim, Franconia, Germany in 1921. ... Andreas Kerner (1786-1862), a lyric poet of the Swabian school Justinus (Andreas Christian) Kerner Karl Theodor Kerner Nena Kerner Otto Kerner Kerner Commissionm, named after Otto Kerner See also KÃ¶rner (Koerner) This is a disambiguation page â€” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same... Trollinger is a light-red, late-maturing wine variety that was orininally cultivated in South_Tyrol or the Trentino. ...

Riesling is also the preferred grape in production of Sekt, German sparkling wine. SEKT (Semantically Enabled Knowledge Technology) is the name of a European Union research project going from 2004 to 2006. ... A glass of sparkling wine A Sparkling wine cork It has been suggested that Spumante, Frizzante, Sekt and Cremant be merged into this article or section. ...

Riesling wines from Germany cover a vast array of tastes from sweet to off-dry halbtrocken to dry trocken. Late harvest Rieslings can ripen to become very sweet dessert wines of the beerenauslese (BA) and trockenbeerenauslese (TBA) class. Beerenauslese is a German wine term and type of dessert wine meaning selected berries. Often abbreviated to BA, it is one of the German wine classification levels in the QmP category. ... Trockenbeerenauslese is a German and Austrian wine term and type of dessert wine meaning selected dried berries. ...

Alsace (France)

Riesling is on record as being planted in the Alsace region by 1477 when its quality was praised by the Duke of Lorraine.^[13] Today over a fifth of Alsace's vineyards are covered with Riesling vines, mostly in the Haut-Rhin district, with the wine produce here being very different from neighboring German Riesling.^[14] This is partly from difference in the soil with the clay Alsatian soil being more dominately calcareous than the slate composition of Rheingau. The other differences come in wine making styles, with the Alsatian preferring more French-oriented methods that produce wines of higher alcohol content (normally around 12%) and more roundness due to longer time spent aging in the barrel. In contrast to German wine laws, Alsatian rieslings can be chaptalized.^[15] Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... The Duchy of Lorraine was an independent state for most of the period of time between 843 to 1739. ... Haut-Rhin is a French département, named after the Rhine river. ... Chaptalisation is the process of adding sugar to unfermented wine must in order to increase the alcohol content after fermentation. ...

In contrast to other Alsatian wines, Rieslings in this area are not meant to be drunk young. Rieslings produce here tend to be mostly very dry with a cleansing acidity. They are thick bodied wines that coat the palate. These wines age exceptionally well with a quality vintage aging up to 20 years. This is beneficial since the flavors in an Alsace wine will often open up after three years, developing softer and fruitier flavors.^[14] Rieslings made in sweeter styles include the late harvest Vendange Tardive and the botrytize Sélection de Grains Nobles.

In addition to Muscat, Gewürztraminer and Pinot Gris, Riesling is one of the acceptable varieties whose planting is allowed in Alsace's grand cru sites.^[16] For other uses, see Muscat (disambiguation). ... GewÃ¼rztraminer grapes on the vine GewÃ¼rztraminer (IPA: , sounds like guh-VERTS-truh-MEE-ner; IPA: in German; Croatian: ; Hungarian: ), sometimes referred to as GewÃ¼rz or Traminer, is a white wine grape variety that performs best in cooler climates. ... Pinot Gris (or Tokay Pinot Gris) is a white wine grape of species Vitis vinifera related to Pinot noir which goes by a lot of other names: Pinot Grigio (Italy) Pinot Beurot (Loire Valley, France) RulÃ¤nder (Austria and Germany, Romania, sweet) Grauburgunder or Grauer burgunder (Austria and Germany, dry... Grand Cru is the highest level of classification of AOC wines from Burgundy or Alsace, those that come from a single vineyard. ...

Australia and New Zealand

In 1838 William Macarthur planted Riesling vines near Penrith in New South Wales.^[17] Riesling was the most planted white grape in Australia until the early 1990s when Chardonnay greatly increased in popularity.^[15] Riesling still flourishes in the Clare Valley, in particular the areas of Watervale and around the Polish Hill River, and the cooler Eden Valley where some sparkling Riesling is produced. The warmer Australian climate produces thicker skinned grapes, sometimes seven times the thickness of German grown grape.^[9] The grapes ripening in free drain soil composed of red soil over limestone and shale, producing a lean wine that as it matures produces toasty, honeycomb and lime aromas and flavours. It is common for Australian Rieslings to be fermented at low temperatures in stainless steel tanks with no oxidation of the wine and followed by earlier bottling.^[18] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (401x659, 128 KB)Photo taken by Moriori for Wikipedia to illustrate section on Wine article File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (401x659, 128 KB)Photo taken by Moriori for Wikipedia to illustrate section on Wine article File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Sydney Opera House is located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. ... Hon Sir William Macarthur MLC was born if 1800 as the fifth son of John Macarthur, was born at Parramatta in December 1800. ... Penrith is a suburb in the City of Penrith in western Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ... Capital Sydney Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Professor Marie Bashir Premier Morris Iemma (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 50 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $305,437 (1st) - Product per capita $45,153/person (4th) Population (End of March 2006) - Population 6,817,100 (1st) - Density 8. ... Oak-aged Chardonnay is particularly popular in the United States. ... The Clare township The Clare Valley is one of Australias oldest and most famous wine regions, and also one of the most scenic, presenting visitors with a series of small intimate valleys and magnificent views Settlers from England, Ireland and Poland first moved into the region during the 1840... Watervale is a town located in the Clare Valley, South Australia, approximately 9 kilometres north of Auburn and 15 kilometres south of Clare. ... -1... Shale Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. ...

Australian Rieslings are noted for their oily texture and citrus fruit flavors in their youth and a smooth balance of freshness and acid as they age. The botrytized Rieslings have immense levels of flavor concentrations that have been favorably compared to lemon marmalade.^[19]

Riesling was first planted in New Zealand in the 1970s and has flourished in the relatively cool climate of the Marlborough area and for late harvests in the Nelson region. In comparison to Australian Riesling, New Zealand produces lighter and more delicate wines that range from sweet to dry. Marlborough on a Wednesday Market morning The town-centre of Marlborough Marlborough (pronounced Maulbruh - /ËˆmÉ”ËlbÉ¹É™/ in IPA) is a market town in the English county of Wiltshire on the Old Bath Road, the old main road from London to Bath. ...

Austria

Riesling is the second leading white grape varietal after the indigenous Grüner Veltliner.^[20] Austrian Riesling is generally thick bodied, coating the palate and producing a strong clarity of flavor coupled with a mouthwatering aroma. A particular Austrian Riesling trademark is a long finish that includes hints of white pepper. It flourishes in the cool climate and free-draining granite and mica soil of the Wachau region where Austrian wine laws allow for irrigation. With levels normally around 13% it is has a relatively high alcohol content for Riesling and is generally at its peak after 5 years.^[18] Austrian Riesling is not known for its sweetness and is mostly dry with very little grapes affected by botrytis. GrÃ¼ner Veltliner, also known as (Green) Veltliner, is a grape variety widely grown in Austria. ... Close-up of granite from Yosemite National Park, valley of the Merced River Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... Rock with mica Mica sheet Mica flakes The mica group of sheet silicate minerals includes several closely related materials having highly perfect basal cleavage. ... Stift Melk, Wachau (Wachau is also the name of a municipality in the district of Kamenz in Saxony, Germany: see Wachau, Saxony). ... Binomial name Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel 1945 Botrytis cinerea is a fungus that affects many plant species, although its most economically important hosts are wine grapes[]. In viticulture, it is commonly known as botrytis bunch rot; in horticulture, it is usually called grey mould or gray mold. ...

United States

In the late nineteenth century German immigrants brought with them Riesling vines, named Johannisberg Riesling, to qualify them as “legitimate” German Riesling. New York, particularly in the Finger Lakes region, was one of the earliest U.S. producers of Riesling. Plantings started to appear in California by 1857 and followed in Washington State in 1871.^[18] The Finger Lakes, a major tourist destination in the west-central section of Upstate New York, are actually eleven in number, but only seven of the largest are commonly identified as such. ...

New York Riesling generally has a characteristic effervescent light body with a similarly light, mellow flavor. The wine can be dynamic though rarely robust, and ranges from dry to sweet. New York is also a notable producer of Riesling based Ice Wine, although a large majority of New York Ice Wine is made from Vidal Blanc and Vignoles. Vidal Blanc is a cross of Ugni Blanc and Seibel 4986. ... Vignoles (aka Ravat 51) is a complex hybrid wine grape variety produced from a cross made by J.F. Ravat of two grapes, Seibel 8665 and Pinot de corton. ...

In California, Riesling lags far behind in popularity to Chardonnay and is not as commonly planted. A notable exception is the growing development of high quality Late Harvest dessert wines. So far, the Late Harvest wines most successfully produced are in the Anderson and Alexander Valleys where the weather is more likely to encourage the needed botrytis to develop. The Riesling that does come out of California tends to be softer, fuller, and having more diverse flavors than a "typical" German Riesling. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x800, 319 KB) Summary Photographer: Tom Maack, Botrytis cinerea auf Riesling-Weinbeeren, EdelfÃ¤ule / Botrytis cinerea on Riesling grapes, noble rot. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x800, 319 KB) Summary Photographer: Tom Maack, Botrytis cinerea auf Riesling-Weinbeeren, EdelfÃ¤ule / Botrytis cinerea on Riesling grapes, noble rot. ...

In the Pacific Northwest there is a stark contrast in Riesling production, the grape is currently on the rise in Washington State but on the decline in neighboring Oregon. Riesling from this area ranges from dry to sweet, and has a crisp lightness that bodes well for easy drinking. Often there will be an easily detectable peach and mineral complex. Some Washington State winemakers, such as Chateau Ste. Michelle, are adapting German style Riesling production methods, and even partnering with well-known German vintners like Dr. Ernest Loosen to create specialty wines such as the Eroica Riesling. With annual productions of over 600,000 cases a year, Chateau Ste. Michelle is the world leading producer of Riesling. In 2007 Pacific Rim Winemakers, another Pacific Northwest winery and owned by Randall Grahm of Bonny Doon, purchased land in the Red Mountain AVA with plans to open the first facility dedicated completely to Riesling production.^[21] The grounds of Chateau Ste. ... Ernst Loosen is a German winemaker and owner of , located in the Mosel-Saar-Ruwer region of Germany. ... Kiona Vineyard looking northwest. ...

Canada

In Canada, Riesling is commonly used for Ice Wine, particularly in Ontario, where the wine is noted for its breadth and complexity.^[19] Niagara is a major producer of ice wine in general, putting it neck-and-neck with Germany. Late Harvest wines and some sparkling wines are produced with Riesling in Niagara but it is table wines from dry to off-dry that hold the largest share of production. The climate of the region is typically quite warm in the summertime which adds a layer of richness in the wines. It is interesting that the founder of St. Urbanshoff in the Mosel, Herman Weiss, was an early pioneer in Niagara's modern viticulture, selling his strain of Mosel clone Riesling to many producers in west Niagara (these vines are well over 20 years old now). This clone and Niagara's summer heat make for uniquely bright wines and often show up in interesting dry styled versions. Many producers and wine critics will argue that Niagara's best offerings come from the Niagara Escarpment region which encompasses the Short Hills Bench, 20 Mile Bench and Beamsville Bench. Grapes for ice wine, still frozen on the vine. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area [1] Ranked... Rattlesnake Point near Milton, Ontario. ... The Short Hills Bench sub-appellation of the Niagara Peninsula (St. ...

Other regions

Riesling is also widely grown in South Africa, Chile and Central Europe, particularly Romania. Central Europe The Alpine Countries and the VisegrÃ¡d Group (Political map, 2004) Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. ...

Production

In wine making, the delicate nature of the Riesling grape requires special handling during harvesting to avoid crushing or bruising the skin. Without this care, the broken skins could leak tannin into the juice, giving a markedly coarse taste and throwing off balance the Riesling’s range of flavors and aromas. Grow and harvest grapes. ... Tannins are astringent, bitter-tasting plant polyphenols that bind and precipitate proteins. ...

A wine that is best at its “freshest” states, the grapes and juice may be chilled often throughout the vinification process. Once, right after picking to preserve the grapes' more delicate flavors. Second, after it has been processed through a bladder press and right before fermentation. During fermentation, the wine is cooled in temperature controlled stainless steel fermentation tanks kept between 10°-18°C (50°-65°F). This differs from red wines that normally ferment at 24°-29°C (75°-85°F) Grow and harvest grapes. ... This entry incorporates text from Eastons Bible Dictionary, 1897, with some modernisation. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Fermentation (biochemistry). ...

Unlike Chardonnay, most Riesling do not undergo malolactic fermentation. This helps preserve the tart, acidic characteristic of the wine that gives Riesling its “thirst-quenching” quality. (Producers of Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Grigio often avoid malolactic fermentation for the same reason.) Riesling is often put through a process of cold stabilization, where the wine is stored just above its freezing point. The wine is kept at this temperature until much of the tartaric acid has crystallized and precipitated out of the wine. This helps prevent crystallization of the acid (often called "wine diamonds") in the bottle.^[22] After this, the wine is normally filtered again to remove any remaining yeast or impurities. Oak-aged Chardonnay is particularly popular in the United States. ... Malolactic fermentation is a process of fermentation where tart malic acid is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid. ... Sauvignon blanc is a white wine grape probably originating in the Bordeaux region of France that is now planted in much of the worlds winelands producing a crisp dry refreshing white varietal wine. ... Pinot Gris is a white wine grape of species Vitis vinifera related to Pinot noir which goes by a lot of other names: Pinot Grigio (Italy) Pinot Beurot (Loire Valley, France) Ruländer (Austria and Germany, Romania, sweet) Grauburgunder or Grauer burgunder (Austria and Germany, dry) Grauklevner (Germany) Malvoisie (Loire... Cold stabilization is a process used in winemaking to reduce tartrate in wine. ...

In viticulture, the two main components in growing Riesling grapes are to keep it "Long & Low" meaning that the ideal situation for Riesling is a climate that allows for a long, slow ripening and proper pruning to keep the yield low and the flavor concentrated.^[4]

With food

Riesling is a very versatile wine to have with food, because of its balance of sugar and notable acidity. It can pair with white fish, or with pork, and it is one of the few wines that can stand up to Thai and Chinese cuisine.^[23] Riesling's typical aromas are of flowers, tropical fruits, and mineral stone (such as slate or quartz), although, with time, the wine acquires a petrol or kerosene note^{[citation needed]} that may be immediately arresting to new drinkers of Riesling while others may find it alluring. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Riesling is almost never fermented or aged in new oak (although large, old oak barrels are often used to store and stabilise Riesling based wines in Germany and Alsace).^[24] This means that Riesling tends to be lighter weight and therefore suitable to a wider range of foods. The sharp acidity/sweetness in Rieslings can serve as a very good balance to foods that are high in salt content. In Germany, Cabbage is sometimes cooked with riesling to help taper the smell.

As with other white wines, dry Riesling is generally served at 11°C (52°F). Sweeter Rieslings are often served warmer.^[25]

Naming

Other names for Riesling are Johannisberg Riesling (named after the famed Schloss Johannisberg), White Riesling and Rhine Riesling. In Italy it is sometimes labeled Riesling Renano.

Many grapes that incorporate the name Riesling are not true Riesling. For example, Grey Riesling is actually Trousseau Gris, an unrelated grape. Schwarzriesling ("black Riesling") is also known as Pinot meunier, a grape also used in the production of Champagne. Trousseau Gris is a white wine grape variety occasionally found in Jura and Champagine Regions of France its earliest origins trace back to the Alsace-Lorraine and was once widely planted in California Now nearly gone only one small commercial vineyard now exsists in Sonoma Countys Russian River... Pinot Meunier, also known as Schwarzriesling or MÃ¼llerrebe, is a variety of black wine grape most frequently used in the production of Champagne. ... Champagne is often consumed as part of a celebration Champagne is a sparkling wine produced by inducing the in-bottle secondary fermentation of wine to effect carbonation. ...

Welschriesling is another unrelated variety grown in Austria and throughout Eastern Europe, which may be labelled as Riesling Italico, Welsch Rizling, Olasz Rizling or Laski Rizling.

In South Africa, the French grape Crouchen is known as Cape Riesling in contrast to "real Riesling" which is labeled in South Africa as Weisser (or White) Riesling. Crouchen is a variety of white grape. ... Weisser Riesling or White Riesling is a South African wine made from the vitis vinifera grape Riesling. ...

Cellaring potential

Riesling's naturally high acidity and range of flavours make it suitable for extended aging. International wine expert Michael Broadbent rates aged German Rieslings, some hundreds of years old, extremely highly.^[26] Michael Broadbent (born 2 May 1927 in Yorkshire, England) is an influential British wine critic and auctioneer. ...

The townhall of Bremen, Germany, stores various German wines, including Riesling based wines, in barrel back to the 1653 vintage.^[27] This article is about the city in Germany. ...

See also

German wine from Franken in the characteristic round bottles (Bocksbeutel) German wine is produced in many parts of Germany, and due to the northerly location have produced wines quite unlike any others in Europe, many of outstanding quality. ... Sample German Wine Label for a Kloster Eberbach SpÃ¤tlese A German wine label can offer a wealth of information for the consumer, despite the reputation they traditionally have of confusing laymen. ... The history of wine spans thousands of years and is closely intertwined with the history of agriculture, cuisine, civilization and man himself. ...

References

^ Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 192 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ History of Schloss Johannisberg
^ A Short History of Riesling
^ ^a ^b Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 194 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ Jancis Robinson, Vines, Grapes and Wines Mitchell Beazley 2002 pg 105 ISBN 1-85732-999-6
^ Stuart Walton, Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine Hermes House 2006, pg. 71 ISBN 1-84081-177-3
^ Wine Spectator Magazine, Wine in Northern Europe September 30th, 2006 pg. 124
^ Karen MacNeil, The Wine Bible Workman Publishing 2001 pg. 516 ISBN 1-56305-434-5
^ ^a ^b Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 195 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 197 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ Stuart Walton, Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine Hermes House 2006, pg. 70 ISBN 1-84081-177-3
^ Stuart Walton, Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine Hermes House 2006, pg. 181 ISBN 1-84081-177-3
^ Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 193 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ ^a ^b Stuart Walton, Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine Hermes House 2006, pg. 74 ISBN 1-84081-177-3
^ ^a ^b Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 198 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ Stuart Walton, Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine Hermes House 2006, pg. 121 ISBN 1-84081-177-3
^ Queensland Government Wine Development-Riesling
^ ^a ^b ^c Oz Clarke, The Encyclopedia of Grapes Websters International Publishers 2001, pg. 199 ISBN 0-15-100714-4
^ ^a ^b Stuart Walton, Understanding, Choosing and Enjoying Wine Hermes House 2006, pg. 75 ISBN 1-84081-177-3
^ Karen MacNeil, The Wine Bible Workman Publishing 2001 page 569 ISBN 1-56305-434-5
^ A. King "Bonny Doon has crush on Washington Riesling" pg 26 Wine Press Northwest Spring 2007
^ Dr. Yair Margalit, Winery Technology & Operatons A Handbook for Small Wineries The Wine Appreciation Guild 1996, pg. 89 ISBN 0-932664-66-0
^ Karen MacNeil, The Wine Bible Workman Publishing 2001 pg. 554 ISBN 1-56305-434-5
^ Andrew Corrigan, "Riesling and Germany 2005", eWineconsult.com
^ Wine serving temperature
^ Michael Broadbent, Vintage Wines Little, Brown 2002 pg 343 ISBN 0151007047
^ Michael Broadbent, Vintage Wines Little, Brown 2002 pg 344 ISBN 0151007047

Jancis Mary Robinson (born in Cumbria on April 22, 1950) is a British wine writer and journalist. ... Oz Clarke (1949 - )is a British wine writer and broadcaster. ... The wine serving temperature at can greatly influence the taste of a wine. ... Michael Broadbent (born 2 May 1927 in Yorkshire, England) is an influential British wine critic and auctioneer. ...

External links

Categories: Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Grape varieties | German loanwords | Wine styles A glass of red wine This article is about the alcoholic beverage. ... A glass of red wine This article is about the alcoholic beverage. ... A glass of rosÃ© wine. ... A glass of sparkling wine A Sparkling wine cork It has been suggested that Spumante, Frizzante, Sekt and Cremant be merged into this article or section. ... Dessert wines are those wines which are typically served with dessert, although they are also drunk on their own, i. ... A fortified wine is a wine to which additional alcohol has been added, most commonly in the form of brandy (a spirit distilled from wine). ... Fruit wines are wine-like beverages made from fruits other than grapes. ... Grapes for ice wine, still frozen on the vine. ... AlbariÃ±o (ahl-bar-EEN-yoh â€“ Galician) or Alvarinho (ahl-vah-REE-nyoh â€“ Portuguese) is a variety of white wine grape grown in Galicia (northwest Spain) and northern Portugal, where it is used to make varietal white wines. ... Oak-aged Chardonnay is particularly popular in the United States. ... Chenin Blanc (or often simply Chenin) is a widely grown wine grape variety, also known as Steen in South Africa, Pineau de la Loire in the Loire region of France. ... GewÃ¼rztraminer grapes on the vine GewÃ¼rztraminer (IPA: , sounds like guh-VERTS-truh-MEE-ner; IPA: in German; Croatian: ; Hungarian: ), sometimes referred to as GewÃ¼rz or Traminer, is a white wine grape variety that performs best in cooler climates. ... For other uses, see Muscat (disambiguation). ... Pinot Blanc is a white wine grape. ... Pinot Gris (or Tokay Pinot Gris) is a white wine grape of species Vitis vinifera related to Pinot noir which goes by a lot of other names: Pinot Grigio (Italy) Pinot Beurot (Loire Valley, France) RulÃ¤nder (Austria and Germany, Romania, sweet) Grauburgunder or Grauer burgunder (Austria and Germany, dry... Sauvignon blanc is a white wine grape probably originating in the Bordeaux region of France that is now planted in much of the worlds winelands producing a crisp dry refreshing white varietal wine. ... SÃ©millon is a golden-skinned grape used to make dry and sweet white wines, most notably in France and Australia. ... Viognier (pronounced vee-own-YAY[1]) is a white wine grape. ... Cabernet Franc is a red wine grape variety similar to and a parent of Cabernet Sauvignon. ... Old vine Cabernet Sauvignon at Chateau Montelena in Napa Valley. ... The Carmenere grape is a wine grape variety originally planted in the MÃ©doc region of Bordeaux, France where it is used to produce deep red wines occasionally used for blending purposes in the same manner as Petit Verdot. ... Dolcetto is a well-known wine grape variety widely grown in Piedmont region of Italy. ... A California Gamay Gamay is a purple-colored grape variety used to make red wines, most notably grown in Beaujolais. ... Grenache is a sweet red grape variety grown primarily for the making of wine. ... Malbec is a black, mellow grape variety originally grown in France, in the Loire Valley and Cahors. ... Merlot grapes on the vine. ... Nebbiolo is the most important wine grape variety of Italys Piedmont region. ... Barbera is a wine grape variety from Monferrato in Piemonte, Italy. ... Durif (or Duriff) is a minor variety of red wine grape grown in France, California and Australia. ... Petit verdot is a variety of black grape used in the production of red wine, principally in blends with Cabernet Sauvignon. ... Pinotage is a wine grape that is a cross between Pinot Noir and Cinsault (called Hermitage in South Africa and parts of Europe, hence the portmanteau name of this grape variety). ... Pinot noir is a red wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera. ... Sangiovese (synonyms: Sangiovese grosso, Brunello, Uva brunella, Morellino, Prugnolo, Prugnolo gentile, Sangioveto, Tignolo and Uva Canina) is a red wine grape variety originating in Italy where it is now recognised as a superior variety. ... Shiraz grapes have a characteristically deep purple color that is reflected in their wine. ... Tempranillo is a variety of vitis vinifera, the red grape used commonly in winemaking. ... Zinfandel, also known as Zin, is a red-skinned wine grape popular in California for its intense fruitiness and lush texture. ... Amarone della Valpolicella is an often powerful Italian wine made from dried grapes of the Corvina, Rondinella, and Molinara varieties. ... Asti is a DOCG sparkling wine produced in the Asti region in Piedmont, Italy. ... Barbera dAsti Superiore DOC Tre Vescovi 2003 Vinchio e Vaglio Barbera dAsti is a red wine variety. ... Castle and Village of Barolo. ... Tanunda is surrounded by vineyards showing Autumn colour. ... A Beaujolais label Beaujolais is a historical province and a wine-producing region in France. ... Bordeaux with sub-wine regions A Bordeaux wine is any wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France. ... Chardonnay vineyards in the south of the CÃ´te de Beaune surrounding the town of Meursault. ... The Chablis wine region is the northernmost sector of Burgundy, France, and also the name of a town located there. ... It has been suggested that Blanc de noirs be merged into this article or section. ... Chianti is Italys most famous red wine. ... Commandaria is an amber-colored dessert wine made from the indigenous Mavro and Xynistery varieties of red grapes in the Commandaria region of Cyprus (centered near the city of Kolossi). ... DÃ£o Wine (or Vinho do DÃ£o) is from the RegiÃ£o Demarcada do DÃ£o, a region demarcated in 1908, but already in 1390 there were taken some measures to protect this wine. ... Egri BikavÃ©r (Bulls Blood) is one of the most reputed and traditional Hungarian wines besides the Tokaji wines. ... Madeira is a fortified wine made in the Madeira Islands of Portugal, which is prized equally for drinking and cooking; the latter use including the dessert plum in Madeira. ... Marsala is the name for a wine produced in the region surrounding the Italian city of Marsala in Sicily. ... Mosel-Saar-Ruwer is a German wine-growing-region in the valleys of the rivers Moselle, Saar and Ruwer near Trier, Rhineland-Palatinate. ... A glass of tawny port. ... Retsina is a Greek resinated white (or rosÃ©) wine dating back at least 2700 years. ... Rheingau valley with the River Rhein The Rheingau (in English: Rhine District) is the hill country on the north side of the Rhine River between Wiesbaden and RÃ¼desheim near Frankfurt, reaching from the western Taunus to the Rhine. ... Rheinhessen (in English: Rhenish Hesse) refers to the part of the former Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt located west of the Rhine river and now part of Rhineland-Palatinate. ... The RhÃ´ne wine region is first divided into north and south. ... Rioja Wine Rioja is a wine from a region named after the Rio Oja in Spain, a tributary of the Ebro. ... Sancerre is one of the most famous white wines in France named from the town Sancerre. ... A half bottle of Sauternes from ChÃ¢teau dYquem Sauternes is a type of dessert wine made from SÃ©millon, Sauvignon Blanc, and Muscadelle grapes that have been affected by Botrytis cinerea, also known as noble rot. ... Sherry solera For other uses, see Sherry (disambiguation). ... Tokaj cellar Tokaji, meaning of Tokaj in Hungarian, is used to label wines from the wine region of Tokaj-Hegyalja in Hungary. ... Valpolicella is a zone of the province of Verona, Italy, east of Lake Garda. ... It has been suggested that Punt e mes be merged into this article or section. ... Vinho Verde is Portuguese and literally means Green Wine. There are red, white and, more rarely, rosÃ© varieties of the appellation Vinho Verde, but only the white wines are exported. ... Vouvray, from the region of the same name is made through the vinification of the Chenin Blanc grape. ... The Glossary of wine terms lists the definitions of many terms used within the wine industry. ... This is a list of varieties of cultivated grapes, whether used for wine, or eating as a Table grape, fresh or dried (raisin, currant, sultana). ... This list of wine-producing regions catalogues significant growing regions where vineyards are planted. ... The following is a list of wine producing countries and their volume of wine production for the year 2003 in metric tonnes. ... Polyphenols are a group of chemical substances found in plants, characterized by the presence of more than one phenol group per molecule. ... Varietal describes wines made from a single named grape variety. ... It has been suggested that Wine thief, Tastevin, Wine clip, Wine collar and Wine stopper be merged into this article or section. ... This is a list of varieties of cultivated grapes, whether used for wine, or eating as a Table grape, fresh or dried (raisin, currant, sultana). ... Winemakers often use carboys like these to ferment smaller quantities of wine Winemaking, or vinification, is the process of wine production, from the selection of grapes to the bottling of finished wine. ...

Contents

Production regions GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");