Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חסידי אומות העולם, Hasidei Umot HaOlam), in contemporary usage, is a term often used to describe non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust in order to save Jews from extermination by the Nazis. Hebrew redirects here. ... The word Gentile from the Latin gentilis, can either be a translation of the Hebrew Goy/גוי or of the Hebrew word Nochri/נכרי. In the most common modern use it refers to the former being derived from the Latin term gens (meaning clan or a group of families) and it is... Concentration camp inmates during the Holocaust The Holocaust was Nazi Germanys systematic genocide (ethnic cleansing) of various ethnic, religious, national, and secular groups during World War II. Early elements include the Kristallnacht pogrom and the T-4 Euthanasia Program established by Hitler that killed some 200,000 people. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ...

Origin of the term

Righteous gentiles or "Righteous Among the Nations" is a term used in Jewish philosophy in reference to non-Jews who are good and upright people and who are assured of meriting the World-to-Come. By Jewish tradition, most of the large set of laws and precepts contained in the written Torah, as well as the oral law, are only required of Jews, since they are regarded as having inherited the obligation from their ancestors, who volunteered for the duty. It has been suggested that Pentateuch be merged into this article or section. ... An oral law is a code of conduct in use in a given culture, religion or other regroupement, by which a body of rules of human behaviour is transmitted by oral tradition and effectively respected, or the single rule that is orally transmitted. ...

In contrast to the 613 commandments enjoined upon Jews by Jewish tradition, non-Jews have to follow less detailed ethical principles contained in the Noahide Laws. In the widest sense, any non-Jew who observes the Seven Noachide Commandments is accounted a "Righteous Gentile," who is assured of Divine reward. In the Jewish Scriptures, for example, Job, the central figure in the Book of Job, who was a gentile, exemplifies such a person, as does Melchizedek and many others. According to the traditional Jewish Halakha, the seven categories of divine obligations incumbent upon the non-Jew are: Main article: Mitzvah 613 mitzvot or 613 Commandments (Hebrew: תריג מצוות transliterated as Taryag mitzvot; TaRYaG is the acronym for the numeric value of 613) are a list of commandments from God in the Torah. ... The Seven Noahide Laws (Hebrew: שבע מצוות בני × ×—, Sheva mitzvot bnei Noach), also called the Brit Noah (Covenant of Noah) mitzvot (commandments) and halakhot (laws) that are morally binding on non-Jews according to Judaism. ... The Noahide laws are the mitzvot (commandments) that Judaism teaches that all of humankind is morally bound to follow. ... 11th century Targum Tanakh [תנ״ך] (also spelt Tanach or Tenach) is an acronym for the three parts of the Hebrew Bible, based upon the initial Hebrew letters of each part: Torah [תורה] (The Law; also: Teaching or Instruction), Chumash [חומש] (The... William Blakes imagining of Satan inflicting boils on Job. ... The Book of Job (איוב) is one of the books of the Hebrew Bible. ... Meeting of Abraham and Melchizedek — by Dieric Bouts the Elder, 1464–67 Melchizedek or Malki-tzédek (מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק / מַלְכִּי־צָדֶק, Standard Hebrew Malki-ẓédeq / Malki-ẓádeq, Tiberian Hebrew Malkî-ṣéḏeq / Malkî-ṣāḏeq), sometimes written Malchizedek, Melchisedec, Melchisedech, Melchisedek or Melkisedek, is a figure mentioned by the Hebrew Bible, in the Book of Genesis... Halakha (Hebrew: הלכה; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halakhot and Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish religious law, including biblical law (the 613 mitzvot) and later talmudic and rabbinic law as well as customs and traditions. ...

1. Recognize one and only one Deity over the entire universe, one Divine Source for all reality;
2. Do not blaspheme against Him ;
3. Support the establishment of courts of justice in society, so that a bottom line of social morality is affirmed and endorsed;
4. Repudiate murder;
5. Repudiate robbery;
6. Repudiate sexual immorality and sexually perverse behaviour that destroys family ties and sanctity (traditionally: incest, adultery, bestiality, and homosexuality); and
7. Repudiate consumption of live animals.

Other norms are considered by the Talmudic rabbis to follow from these Seven Noahide (or Noahite) Commandments, but these basic Seven were established at the time of Noah, in a Noahide Covenant that God made with all of humanity and which underlies all subsequent human societies. According to Rabbinic teachings, societies which too blatantly disregard this covenant will not endure, as the episode of Sodom and Gomorrah illustrated; in fact, every society is maintained in existence by God only for the sake of the righteous in their midst. Noahs Ark, Französischer Meister (The French Master), Magyar Szépmüvészeti Múzeum, Budapest. ...

Bestowing of the title

Since 1963, a commission headed by a Supreme Court of Israel justice has been charged with the duty of awarding the honorary title "Righteous Among the Nations." The commission is guided in its work by certain criteria and meticulously studies all documentation, including evidence by survivors and other eyewitnesses. A person who is recognized as a Righteous Among the Nations for helping Jews during the holocaust is awarded a medal bearing their name, a certificate of honor, and the privilege of their name being added to those on the Wall of Honor in the Garden of the Righteous at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, the Israeli Holocaust Memorial. (The last is in lieu of a tree-planting, which was discontinued for lack of space.) The awards are distributed to the rescuers or their next of kin during ceremonies in Israel or in their countries of residence through the offices of Israel's diplomatic representatives. These ceremonies are attended by local government representatives and are given wide media coverage. The Supreme Court (Hebrew: בית המשפט העליון, Beit Hamishpat Haelyon ) is at the head of the court system in the State of Israel. ... Garden of the Righteous may refer to one of the following: An inexact translation of Riyad-us Saliheen Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations, a garden in Yad Vashem commemorating the Righteous Among the Nations. ... Yad Vashem memorial sculpture Yad Vashem (יד ושם) is Israels official memorial to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust established in 1953 through the Memorial Law passed by the Knesset, Israels parliament. ... Panoramic view from Mt. ... A number of organizations, museums and monuments are intended to serve as memorials to the Holocaust and its millions of victims. ...

The Yad Vashem Law authorizes Yad Vashem

"To confer honorary citizenship upon the Righteous Among the Nations, and if they have passed away, the commemorative citizenship of the State of Israel, in recognition of their actions."

Anyone who has been recognized as Righteous Among the Nations is entitled to apply to Yad Vashem for the certificate. If the Righteous Among the Nations is no longer alive, their next of kin is entitled to request that commemorative citizenship be conferred on the Righteous Among the Nations who has died. To date, more than 21,300 people, including family members who shared in the rescue of Jews, have been recognized as Righteous Among the Nations, representing over 8,000 authenticated rescue stories. Yad Vashem's policy is to pursue the program for as long as petitions for this title are received and are supported by solid evidence that meets the criteria.

Benefits

• A righteous gentile will receive a monthly cash benefit at the rate of the average wage. In addition, a convalescent grant of up to eight days at the rate paid to civil servants, will be paid to a righteous gentile and his/her spouse. Health services, free of charge, under the National Health Insurance Law will also be provided to the righteous gentile." [1]
• "The Righteous Among the Nations who experience economic difficulties - wherever they reside - are aided financially by the Jewish Foundation for the Righteous, a New York-based philanthropic organization which was created for this purpose. The Anne Frank Fonds, based in Basle, Switzerland, looks after those in need of medication. The Righteous residing in Israel (some 35 people) automatically receive a generous state pension." [2]
• "Israel is home for 57 surviving Righteous Gentiles who saved Jews and came to live here alone, or with their families, at the end of World War II. ATZUM is working to provide basic needs not met by the Israel social welfare (NII) package, including visits by Israeli "adoptive grandchildren", professional caretakers, and geriatric, dental, ophthalmic and auditory treatments and aids. We are working intensively with eleven Righteous Gentiles and have distributed $13,000 to them." [3]

Count per country and ethnic origin

See List of Righteous Among the Nations by country for their names. This is a per country list of people who helped victims to escape from the Nazi Holocaust during World War II, often called rescuers. Yad Vashem, the Holocaust memorial in Israel, has recognized over 20,000 Righteous Among the Nations. ...

The General Government (in full General government for the occupied Polish areas, in German Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete) was the name given by Germany to the governing authority in Poland after its occupation by the Wehrmacht in September and October 1939. ... Motto: none Anthem: Bože pravde (English: God of Justice) Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Serbian, cyrillic script1 Government Republic  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica  - President Boris Tadić Establishment    - Formation 814   - First Serbian Uprising 1804   - Internationally recognized July 13, 1878   - Kingdom of SCS created December 1, 1918   - SCG dissolved June... This is the list of Croatian Righteous Among the Nations. ... The Danish Resistance Movement was an underground insurgency movement to resist the German occupation of Denmark during World War II. Due to the unusually lenient terms given to Denmark by the Nazi occupation authority, the movement was slower to develop effective tactics on a wide scale than in some other... The rescue of the Danish Jews occurred during Denmarks occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II. When German authorities in Denmark ordered the Jews deportation to Germany in October 1943, many Danes and Swedes took part in a collective effort to evacuate the roughly 8,000 Jews of... Anthem: Transliteration: English: Capital (and largest city) Skopje Macedonian, Albanian1 Government Parliamentary republic  - President Branko Crvenkovski  - Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski Independence from Yugoslavia   - Declared September 8, 1991  Area  - Total 25,333 km² (148th) 9,779 sq mi   - Water (%) 1. ...

See also

• Category:Righteous Among the Nations
• Zegota Council to Aid the Jews in occupied Poland
• List of people who helped Jews during the Holocaust
• Ger tzedek
• Ger Toshav
• Noahide Laws

Żegota (read: [ʒε:gɔta], also spelled Zhegota, Zegota) was the codename for the Council to Aid the Jews (Rada Pomocy Żydom), an underground organisation in German occupied Poland from 1942 to 1945. ... This is a list of people who helped victims to escape from the Nazi Holocaust during World War II, often called rescuers. The list is not exhaustive, concentrating on famous cases, or people who saved the lives of many potential victims. ... Ger tzedek (Hebrew: righteous proselyte or proselyte [of] righteousness) or Ger (stranger or proselyte) is a gentile (i. ... Ger toshav (pl. ... The Seven Noahide Laws (Hebrew: שבע מצוות בני × ×—, Sheva mitzvot bnei Noach), also called the Brit Noah (Covenant of Noah) mitzvot (commandments) and halakhot (laws) that are morally binding on non-Jews according to Judaism. ...

References

• Righteous Gentiles of the Holocaust: Genocide and Moral Obligation, Gushee, David P., ISBN 1-55778-821-9, Paragon House Publishers
• The Heart Has Reasons: Holocaust Rescuers and Their Stories of Courage,Klempner, Mark, ISBN 0-8298-1699-2, The Pilgrim Press
• To Save a Life: Stories of Holocaust Rescue, Land-Weber, Ellen, ISBN 0-252-02515-6, University of Illinois Press
• The Seven Laws of Noah, Lichtenstein, Aaron, New York: The Rabbi Jacob Joseph School Press, 1981.
• The Image of the Non-Jew in Judaism, Novak, David, ISBN 0-88946-975-X, New York and Toronto: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1983.
• The Path of the Righteous: Gentile Rescuers of Jews During the Holocaust, Paldiel, Mordecai, ISBN 0-88125-376-6, KTAV Publishing House, Inc.
• When Light Pierced the Darkness: Christian Rescue of Jews in Nazi-Occupied Poland, Tec, Nechama, ISBN 0-19-505194-7, Oxford University Press
• Zegota: The Council to Aid Jews in Occupied Poland 1942-1945, Tomaszewski, Irene & Werblowski, Tecia, ISBN 1-896881-15-7, Price-Patterson
• Tolerance in Judaism: The Medieval and Modern Sources, Zuesse, Evan M., In: The Encyclopaedia of Judaism, edited by J. Neusner, A. Avery-Peck, and W.S. Green, Second Edition, ISBN 90-04-14787-X, Leiden: Brill, 2005, Vol. IV: 2688-2713

Dude. A Righteous Gentile is a dude who stood up for someone else like a jew in the Houlacaust