French mobile gendarmes doing riot control.

Riot control are the measures to control a riot or to break up an unwanted demonstration (usually of protestors). French Gendarmerie Mobile doing riot control Taken from the official site. ... French Gendarmerie Mobile doing riot control Taken from the official site. ... Gendarmes guarding the Paris Hall of Justice Gendarmerie motorcyclists police the roads and autoroutes of rural France. ... Formal social control of behaviors include things such as laws and codes that a society abides by. ... Riots in Newark, New Jersey Riots occur when crowds of people have gathered and are committing crimes or acts of violence. ... This page is about protests. ...

Tactics

Mounted riot police used to disperse a crowd during protests in Edinburgh

The initial choice of tactics determines the type of manpower and equipment used. The base choice is between lethal (e.g. 12 gauge shotgun) and non-lethal weaponry (e.g. tear gas). The decision is based on the perceived level of threat and the existing laws; in many countries it is illegal to use lethal force to control riots in all but the most extreme circumstances. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x662, 751 KB) Mounted police used as crowd control during protests in Edinburgh at the start of the G8 summit. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x662, 751 KB) Mounted police used as crowd control during protests in Edinburgh at the start of the G8 summit. ... Edinburghs location in Scotland Edinburgh viewed from Arthurs Seat. ... Tactics is the collective name for methods of winning a small-scale conflict, performing an optimization, etc. ... Deadly force is that level of force which is inherently likely to cause death or great bodily injury. ... A pump-action and two semi-automatic action shotguns and boxes of ammunition A shotgun is a firearm typically used to fire a number of small spherical pellets, the shot, from a smoothbore barrel of relatively large diameter. ... Non-lethal force is force which is not inherently likely to kill or cause great bodily injury to a living target. ... A riot control agent is a type of lachrymatory agent (or lacrimatory agent). ...

Threat-dependant force deployment is easily visible. The traditional mainstay of riot control are specially equipped police officers with fire-retardant clothing, kevlar armour, special helmets and gas masks, plastic shields, extended batons or special riot hand weapons (such as the sjambok and lathi), and possibly tasers or similar. These officers subdue rioters and subsequently allow the less heavily armoured, more mobile officers to arrest people. Kevlar (poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide) is the DuPont Company’s brand name for a synthetic material constructed of para-aramid fibers that the company claims is five times stronger than the same weight of steel, while being lightweight, flexible and comfortable. ... A hoplite wearing (only) a helmet, breastplate greaves and a shield. ... A gas mask, also known as a respirator, is a mask worn on the face to protect the body from airborne pollutants and toxic materials. ... Statue showing a Gallic shield with a butterfly boss. ... Baton refers to: Dictionary meaning The term baton refers to any of several types of cylindrical or tapered instruments composed of a wide variety of materials, and of differing functions: A baton (billy, billy club, nightstick, riot stick) is a type of striking/parrying weapon, staff or club, typically used... The sjambok is the traditional heavy leather whip of South Africa, sometimes seens as synonymous with Apartheid but actually much older and still used outside the offiical judiciary. ... A lathi is a traditional crowd control weapon from India. ... Summary An electroshock gun or stun gun, is a weapon used for subduing a person by administering an electric shock. ...

In face of a greater threat, the riot police will be backed up with other officers equipped with riot guns to fire tear gas, rubber bullets, plastic bullets or beanbag rounds. These are types of pistol or two-handed gun with a caliber somewhere around 37mm or 1. ... A riot control agent is a type of lachrymatory agent (or lacrimatory agent). ... Rubber bullets are rubber-coated projectiles fired from guns. ... The plastic bullet is the name given to a type of nonlethal projectile fired from a specialised gun, used in riot control. ... The flexible baton round is the trademarked name for a type of non-lethal kinetic projectile; it is more widely known as a beanbag round. ...

One main weapon is vehicle-mounted water cannon. The most modern watercannon versions are capable of adding dye to mark rioters or adding tear gas to the water. There have been instances of riotsquad watercannons being loaded with sewage. A water cannon is a device that shoots a high-pressure stream of water. ... Yarn drying after being dyed in the early American tradition, at Conner Prairie living history museum. ... Sewage is domestic, municipal, or industrial liquid waste products disposed of via a pipe or similar structure. ...

In any combative pursuit, heavy supporting firepower can only accomplish so much. Often in major unrest, police in armoured vehicles (such as Land Rovers) may be sent in following an initial subduing with firepower. Occasionally, police dogs are deployed. Combat, or fighting, is purposeful conflict between one or more persons, often involving violence and intended to establish dominance over the opposition. ... The bayonet, still used in war as both knife and spearpoint. ... An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, equipped with protection against hostile attacks and often mounted weapons. ... Land Rover was the name of one of the first British civilian all-terrain utility vehicles, first produced by Rover in 1947. ... Belgian Malinois as K-9 unit A police dog is a Dog that is trained specifically to assist Police and similar law-enforcement personnel with their work. ...

As a less aggressive step, mounted police may first be sent into the crowd. The might and height offered by the horse are combined with its training, allowing an officer to more safely infiltrate a crowd. Often batons are the only weapons used. However, in a hunger riot in Vienna in 1919 the rioters resisted the police horses and killed many of them, and afterwards butchered them on the spot for their flesh. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Musical Ride Mounted police are police who patrol on horseback. ... Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 The Horse (Equus caballus) is a sizeable ungulate mammal, one of the seven modern species of the genus Equus. ... Vienna (German: Wien [viːn]; Hungarian: Bécs, Czech: Vídeň, Slovak: Viedeň, Romany Vidnya; Serbian: Beč) is the capital of Austria, and also one of Austrias nine states (Land Wien). ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Usually, when front-facing a riot, officers slowly walk in a line parallel to the riot's front, extending to both its ends, as they noisily and simultaneously march and beat their shields with their batons, to cause fear and psychological effects on the crowd.

The French CRS's tactics against a long demonstration march is to attack it at several points and chop it into segments, rather than to merely try to block it at its front end. A CRS officier in normal gear, standing by a Bastille Day parade The Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (often abbreviated to CRS) are the riot control forces and general reserve of the French National Police. ... This page is about protests. ...

Shields

See riot shield. Riot shields are lightweight protection devices deployed by police and some military organizations. ...

Tear Gas

This can be fired in various ways: tear gas grenade gun, tear gas grenade thrown by hand, tear gas sprays. There have been batons that contain a tear gas spray. These are types of pistol or two-handed gun with a caliber somewhere around 37mm or 1. ... A riot control agent is a type of lachrymatory agent (or lacrimatory agent). ...

Batons

• The traditional material for batons and similar for most purposes for a long time has been wood.
• As a riotsquad and guard baton, the British Army tends to use the pickaxe handle. They have a rule that these must be exactly 3 feet long, as they are also used for measuring.
• Rubber batons are common: for example, the French CRS's baton is about 1.5 inches diameter and a bit over 2 feet long. The Russian police also use rubber batons, but some of them have had to use wood in areas where the winter frost gets cold enough to make rubber brittle.
• See Specialized clubs.

Army (from French armée) can, in some countries, refer to any armed force. ... A CRS officier in normal gear, standing by a Bastille Day parade The Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (often abbreviated to CRS) are the riot control forces and general reserve of the French National Police. ... Rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer which occurs as a milky emulsion (known as latex) in the sap of a number of plants but can also be produced synthetically. ... Hercules fights the Lernaean Hydra with a club A club or cudgel is perhaps the simplest of all mêlée weapons. ...

Helmets

Designs include:-

• A plain helmet and hinged visor (usually polycarbonate) which goes up outside the helmet. Usually a riotsquad visor is straight up and down and curved sideways, not curved both ways like a motorcycle helmet visor.
• With the visor disappearing between two layers of the helmet as it is hinged up.
• A sort of CRS helmet has two visors, one of each sort. The outer visor is transparent. The inner visor is a "one-way window" that is transparent to a man wearing the helmet, but looks like freshly polished opaque copper metal when seen from outside, so that the man's face cannot be seen by the public.
• The chinstraps tend to be more complicated than on motorcycle helmets.
• One accessory is a attached pad to protect the back of the neck.
• Unlike motorcycle helmets, they tend to have small holes over the ears so the wearer can hear better.
• Other accessories include microphones and receivers for two-way radio.

A hinge is a mechanical device that connects two solid objects, allowing rotation between them. ... In the Star Trek fictional universe, a VISOR is a device used to scan the electromagnetic spectrum, create visual input, and transmit it into the brain of the wearer via the optic nerves. ... Repeating chemical structure unit of Polycarbonate made from Bisphenol A Polycarbonates are a particular group of thermoplastics. ... Imme R 100,Germany, 1948/1949 A 125 cc motorcycle, the Italian-manufactured Cagiva Planet. ... A CRS officier in normal gear, standing by a Bastille Day parade The Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (often abbreviated to CRS) are the riot control forces and general reserve of the French National Police. ... A two-way radio is simply a radio that can both transmit and receive (a transceiver). ...

Research

The police have been conducting research into their application in the fields of riot control. The most recent research into the field of less than lethal weaponry has produced such innovations as:-

• netguns.
• lasers (that blind and dazzle rioters).
• pellets filled with pepper spray.
• stink bombs.
• foam (which can immobilize rioters).
• microwave generators
• low frequency sound cannons that can cause internal discomfort to rioters.

Netguns are non-leathal weapons designed to fire a net which intangles the target. ... The range of sizes in which lasers exist is immense, extending from microscopic diode lasers (top) to football field sized neodymium glass lasers (bottom) used for inertial confinement fusion. ... A pellet is the term for a non-spherical projectile designed to be fired from an air gun. ... Pepper spray is a non-lethal chemical agent which is used in riot control, crowd control and personal self-defense, including defense against dogs. ... A stink bomb is a device designed to create an unpleasant smell. ... Foam The most general definition of foam is a substance that is formed by trapping many gas bubbles in a liquid or solid. ... This page is about the radiation; for the appliance, see microwave oven. ... Low Frequency or LF (sometimes called longwave) refers to Radio Frequencies (RF) in the range of 30-300 kHz. ... Sonic and ultrasonic weapons (USW) are weapons of various types that use sound to damage, incapicitate, or kill an opponent. ...

External link

• Riot Control Truck