River Dee (Wales) (Afon Dyfrdwy)
The River Dee at Llangollen
Country	United Kingdom (Wales, England)
Major cities	Llangollen, Chester
Length	110 km (68 mi)
Watershed	1,800 km² (695 mi²)
Discharge at	Chester Weir
- average	37 m³/s (1,307 ft³/s)
Source
- location	slopes of Dduallt above Llanuwchllyn in the mountains of Snowdonia
Mouth	Dee Estuary
Major tributaries
- left	Tryweryn, Alwen, Clywedog, Alyn
- right	Ceiriog

The River Dee (Welsh: Afon Dyfrdwy) is a 70 mile (110 km) long river. It travels through Wales and England and also forms part of the border between them. River Dee may refer to: River Dee, Wales (Afon Dyfrdwy), mostly in North Wales, flowing from Snowdonia to Chester. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 611 KB)Llangollen, view from the trainstation. ... Llangollen is a small town in Denbighshire, north Wales, famous for the Llangollen International Eisteddfod, the Llangollen Canal (whose Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is nearby), and the Llangollen Railway. ... This article is about the country. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is God Save the Queen. See also Proposed English National Anthems. ... Llangollen is a small town in Denbighshire, north Wales, famous for the Llangollen International Eisteddfod, the Llangollen Canal (whose Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is nearby), and the Llangollen Railway. ... For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ... ‹ The template below (Unit of length) is being considered for deletion. ... A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including Imperial units, United States customary units and Norwegian/Swedish mil. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Weir on River Dee at Chester and the Old Dee Bridge Chester Weir is a weir which crosses the River Dee at Chester, Cheshire, England, slightly upstream from the Old Dee Bridge (grid reference SJ407658). ... The cubic meter (symbol m³) is the SI derived unit of volume. ... Look up second in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... It has been suggested that Thousand Cubic Feet be merged into this article or section. ... Look up second in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Dduallt is a mountain in central Snowdonia, North Wales. ... Llanuwchllyn is a village in Gwynedd, North Wales, near the southern end of Bala Lake. ... Tryfans north ridge (seen on the left in this picture) in Snowdonia. ... The Dee Estuary is a large estuary where the River Dee flows into Liverpool Bay. ... The Tryweryn is a river in North Wales. ... The Clywedog Valley is a valley and river in North Wales, near Wrexham. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including Imperial units, United States customary units and Norwegian/Swedish mil. ... ‹ The template below (Unit of length) is being considered for deletion. ... This bridge across the Danube River links Hungary with Slovakia. ... This article is about the country. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is God Save the Queen. See also Proposed English National Anthems. ...

The river rises in Snowdonia, Wales, flows north via Chester, England, and discharges to the sea into an estuary between Wales and The Wirral Peninsula (England). The source of a river, usually a lake or a spring, is the farthest point of a river from its estuary or confluence with another river. ... Tryfans north ridge (seen on the left in this picture) in Snowdonia. ... This article is about the country. ... For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is God Save the Queen. See also Proposed English National Anthems. ... The Wirral is a peninsula in North West England bounded by the River Dee to the west and the River Mersey to the east. ...

Statistics

The total catchment area of the River Dee up to Chester Weir is approximately 1800 km². The average rainfall over the catchment is estimated to be 640 mm yielding an average flow of 37 m³/s. The larger reservoirs in the catchment are: Weir on River Dee at Chester and the Old Dee Bridge Chester Weir is a weir which crosses the River Dee at Chester, Cheshire, England, slightly upstream from the Old Dee Bridge (grid reference SJ407658). ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... A cubic metre per second (m3·s−1, m3/s, cumecs or cubic meter per second in American English) is a derived SI unit of flow rate equal to that of a cube with sides of one metre (1000 mm) (39. ... The Ashokan Reservoir, located in Ulster County, New York, USA. It is one of 19 that supplies New York City with drinking water. ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ...

• Bala Lake (Llyn Tegid) - 400 acres (1.6 km²)
• Llyn Brenig - 370 acres (1.5 km²)
• Llyn Celyn - 325 acres (1.3 km²)

Bala Lake (Llyn Tegid in Welsh) was the largest natural body of water in Wales prior to the level being raised to help support the flow of the Llangollen Canal. ... An acre is the name of a unit of area in a number of different systems, including Imperial units and United States customary units. ... Aerial view of Llyn Brenig Llyn Brenig is a reservoir located in North Wales, in the heart of the Denbigh moors, on the border between the counties of Conwy and Denbighshire. ... Llyn Celyn is a large reservoir constructed in 1961 in the valley of the River Tryweryn in North Wales. ...

Catchment

The River Dee has its source on the slopes of Dduallt above Llanuwchllyn in the mountains of Snowdonia in Merioneth, Gwynedd, Wales, and then passes through Bala Lake. The path of the river trends generally east-south-east as it descends off the Ordovician Denbigh moors, over the man-made Horseshoe Falls and through Llangollen, generally skirting the outcropping Karstic limestone exposures north of Llangollen. East of Llangollen, Thomas Telford's Pontcysyllte Aqueduct, of 1805, carries the Shropshire Union Canal 120 feet (37 m) overhead. Dduallt is a mountain in central Snowdonia, North Wales. ... Llanuwchllyn is a village in Gwynedd, North Wales, near the southern end of Bala Lake. ... Tryfans north ridge (seen on the left in this picture) in Snowdonia. ... Merionethshire (Meirionnydd in Welsh) is a traditional county of Wales. ... Gwynedd is an administrative county in Wales, named after the old Kingdom of Gwynedd. ... This article is about the country. ... Bala Lake (Llyn Tegid in Welsh) was the largest natural body of water in Wales prior to the level being raised to help support the flow of the Llangollen Canal. ... Artist impression of the Ordovician Sea. ... The Horseshoe Falls is an artificially created waterfall on the River Dee in north Wales, approximately three miles west of the town of Llangollen. ... Llangollen is a small town in Denbighshire, north Wales, famous for the Llangollen International Eisteddfod, the Llangollen Canal (whose Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is nearby), and the Llangollen Railway. ... Karst topography is a three-dimensional landscape shaped by the dissolution of a soluble layer or layers of bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite. ... -1... Thomas Telford (August 9, 1757 - September 2, 1834) was born in Westerkirk, Scotland. ... The Aqueduct, view from the ground Crossing the aqueduct A view of the ground below from the aqueduct The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is an aqueduct which carries the Llangollen Canal over the valley of the River Dee, east of Llangollen in north Wales. ... 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Shropshire Union Canal near Norbury Junction The Shropshire Union Canal is a canal linking Wolverhampton with the River Mersey. ...

River Dee Weir, Handbridge, Chester, England (2002)

View of the Dee from the famous Grosvenor Bridge in Chester, looking down-river towards Curzon Park. Taken in Spring at high tide

Same view of the Dee in Chester, taken in Summer at low tide.

Railway bridge in Chester, spanning the river between Curzon Park and the Roodee. Photo taken at high tide.

One of the major tributaries of the Dee, the Afon Alyn crosses the carboniferous limestone from Halkyn Mountain and down through the Loggerheads area before making its confluence near Mold. Throughout the length of the Alyn there are numerous sinkholes and caverns and during the summer months long stretches of the river bed run dry. These caves include Ogof Hesp Alyn and Ogof Hen Ffynhonau. A significant part of this lost flow re-emerges in a man-made tunnel entering the west bank of the Dee estuary carrying some 12 million imperial gallons per day (600 L/s). This tunnel was originally constructed to drain metal mines in Halkyn Mountain. Once the main river Dee approaches the Cheshire border and the carboniferous coal measures, it turns sharply northwards before meandering up to Chester. This long stretch of the river drops in height by only a few feet and can be regarded as a highly linear lake. The rich adjoining farmland has many remnants of abandoned coal workings and deep clay-pits used to make bricks and tiles. A number of these pits are now being used as landfill sites for domestic and commercial waste. River Dee, Chester, England File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... River Dee, Chester, England File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Handbridge (Treboeth in Welsh) is a small district of Chester, England on the south bank of the River Dee. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Grosvenor Bridge The Grosvenor Bridge is a single-span arch road bridge which crosses the River Dee at Chester in England. ... For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ... Curzon Park The Chester suburb of Curzon Park is a highly attractive residential area just South of the Dee situated within easy walking distance of the ancient city walls, just across the old Grosvenor Bridge. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2816 × 2112 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2816 × 2112 pixel, file size: 2. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ... Curzon Park The Chester suburb of Curzon Park is a highly attractive residential area just South of the Dee situated within easy walking distance of the ancient city walls, just across the old Grosvenor Bridge. ... The racecourse stands, with the city walls visible in the right of the image. ... “Ebb tide” redirects here. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Carboniferous is a major division of the geologic timescale that extends from the end of the Devonian period, about 359. ... Loggerheads is a village in Denbighshire, Wales on the River Alyn , a tributary of the River Dee. ... Mold (Welsh: ) is a town in Flintshire, Wales, on the River Alyn. ... Devils Hole near Hawthorne, Florida, USA. A sinkhole, also known as a sink, shake hole, swallow hole, swallet, doline or cenote, is a natural depression or hole in the surface topography caused by the removal of soil or bedrock, often both, by water. ... Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter. ... Ogof Hesp Alyn (Welsh for: Dry Alyn Cave) was discovered by North Wales Caving Club in 1973 in the Alyn Gorge near Cilcain, Flintshire, North Wales. ... Ogof Hen Ffynhonau (Welsh for: Old Springs Cave) lies in the Alyn Gorge, North Wales close to Ogof Hesp Alyn. ... Cheshire (or, archaically, the County of Chester)[1] is a county in North West England. ... For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ... Wyoming coal mine Coal mining is the mining of coal. ... See also Wikimedia Commons has multimedia related to: Bricks Masonry Brickwork Ceramics Fire brick In role-playing games, a brick is a character whose main useful skill is being able to take a great deal of damage (usually physical damage) and act as a shield for weaker allies. ... Mission, or barrel, roof tiles A tile is a small, manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as clay or stone used for covering roofs, floors, and walls, or other objects such as tabletops. ... Albury landfill, Surrey, England A landfill, also known as a dump, is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form of waste treatment. ...

At Holt and Farndon, the river crosses into England under a medieval bridge and then passes under the A55 and northwards to Chester. At Chester the river passes and around the Earl's Eye(s) meadow. In the Chester region the river side is used as a recreation area with a bandstand, benches and boat cruises, by two bridges. The first is the Queen's Park Suspension Bridge, which forms the only exclusively pedestrian footway across the river in Chester. The second is the Old Dee Bridge, a road bridge and by far the oldest bridge in Chester, being built in about 1387 on the site of a series of wooden predecessors which dated originally from the Roman period. Holt is a town in the borough of Wrexham, traditional county of Denbighshire in Wales, United Kingdom. ... Farndon is a village in the county of Cheshire, England, on the banks of the River Dee, south of Chester, and close to the border with Wales. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is God Save the Queen. See also Proposed English National Anthems. ... The A55 at Warren Mountain The A55, also known as the North Wales Expressway, is a major road in Britain. ... For the larger local government district, see Chester (district). ... The Old Dee Bridge, in Chester, Cheshire, England is the very ancient bridge that leads from the bottom of Lower Bridge Street and the Bridge gate across the River Dee to Handbridge/Tre-boeth. ... Events June 2 - John Holland, a maternal half-brother of Richard II of England, is created Earl of Huntingdon. ...

Above the Old Dee Bridge, the river has a weir, which was built by Hugh Lupus to supply power to his corn mills. Throughout the centuries the weir has been used to power corn, fulling, needle, snuff and flint mills. The same weir was used as part of a hydro-elecrtic scheme in 1911 with the help of a small generator building which is still visible today, used as a pumping station for water since 1951. However the first water pumping station here was set up in 1600 by John Tyrer who pumped water to a square tower built on the city's Bridgegate. It was destroyed in the Civil War but an octagonal tower built in 1690 for the same purpose lasted until the gate was replaced with an arch in the mid-18th century. The bridge and weir mechanism at Sturminster Newton on the River Stour, Dorset. ... Hugh dAvranches, 1st Earl of Chester (died July 27, 1101) was one of the great magnates of early Norman England. ...

On this weir is a fish pass and fish counting station to monitor the numbers of salmon ascending the river. A little further downstream stands the Grosvenor Bridge (designed by architect Thomas Harrison of Chester), which was opened in 1833 to ease congestion on the Old Dee Bridge. This bridge was opened by Princess Victoria five years before she became Queen. The other side of the Grosvenor Bridge is the Roodee, Chester's race course and the oldest course in the country. This used to be the site of Chester's Roman harbour until, aided by the building of the weir, the River Dee silted up to become the size it is today. The only curiously remaining reminder of this site's maritime past is a stone cross which stands in the middle of the Roodee which exhibits the marks of water ripples. To the end of the Roodee the river is crossed again by a second bridge, now carrying the Chester–Holyhead railway line, before leaving Chester. It was the scene of one of the first serious railway accidents in the country, the Dee bridge disaster. Pool-and-weir fish ladder at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River Fishways, most commonly referred to as fish ladders but also known as fish passes, are structures placed on or around man-made barriers (such as dams and weirs) to assist the natural migration of diadromous fishes. ... Illustration of a male Coho Salmon The Chinook or King Salmon is the largest salmon in North America and can grow to 1. ... Grosvenor Bridge The Grosvenor Bridge is a single-span arch road bridge which crosses the River Dee at Chester in England. ... Thomas Harrison (1740-1829) was an English provincial architect and civil engineer of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. ... Year 1833 (MDCCCXXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The racecourse stands, with the city walls visible in the right of the image. ... Dee bridge disaster A new bridge across the river Dee in Chester was needed for the Chester-Holyhead railway, a project planned in the 1840s for the expanding British railway system. ...

River Dee in snow at Llangollen (February 2007)

View down-river from the bridge in the centre of Llangollen (March 2007)

To the north of Chester, the river flows along an artificial channel, excavated when Sealand and Shotton were reclaimed from the estuary. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 799 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1133 × 850 pixel, file size: 420 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)View of River Dee, in snow, February 2007. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 799 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1133 × 850 pixel, file size: 420 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)View of River Dee, in snow, February 2007. ... Llangollen is a small town in Denbighshire, north Wales, famous for the Llangollen International Eisteddfod, the Llangollen Canal (whose Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is nearby), and the Llangollen Railway. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Shotton is a town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying on the River Dee. ... For other meanings, see Estuary (disambiguation) Rio de la Plata estuary An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. ...

This 'canalised' section runs in a straight line for five miles (8 km) and passes beneath three road bridges the first two are at Queensferry a fairly modern fixed arch bridge and second the New Jubilee Bridge, which is of the rolling bascule type and the third at Connah's Quay, the Flintshire Bridge is a modern fixed cable-stayed bridge connecting Wales with England which opened in 1999. Queensferry is a town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying on the River Dee near the border with England. ... Tower Bridge, a double leaf bascule, opening A bascule bridge is a drawbridge with a counterweight that continuously balances the span, or leaf, throughout the entire upward swing in providing clearance for boat traffic. ... Connahs Quay (Welsh: Cei Connah) is the largest town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying on the River Dee. ... A cable-stayed bridge is a bridge that consists of one or more columns (normally referred to as towers or pylons), with cables supporting the bridge deck. ... This article is about the country. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem specific to England — the anthem of the United Kingdom is God Save the Queen. See also Proposed English National Anthems. ...

Between the second and third road bridges is the Shotton railway bridge, originally constructed as a swing bridge but now never opened. It carries the Birkenhead–Wrexham Borderlands Line line over the river. Shotton can refer to: Shotton, Peterlee, County Durham, England Shotton, Sedgefield, County Durham, England Shotton, Flintshire, Wales This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... A swing bridge is a bridge that has as its primary structural support a vertical locating pin and support ring at or near to its center, about which it can then pivot horizontally as shown in the animated illustration below. ... Map sources for Birkenhead at grid reference SJ3088 Birkenhead is a town on The Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, on the left bank of the River Mersey, opposite Liverpool. ... , Wrexham (Welsh: Wrecsam) is a large (former industrial) town, conurbation and principal area of Wales lying in north-eastern part of the country. ... The Borderlands Line is the name given to the railway line between Wrexham, North Wales, and Bidston, Wirral, England. ...

The river then opens out into the Dee Estuary, forming the north eastern tip of the North Wales coast and the western coast of the Wirral. Towns along the coast include Flint, Holywell and Mostyn on the Welsh side and Neston, Parkgate, West Kirby and Hoylake on the Wirral side. The Dee Estuary is a large estuary where the River Dee flows into Liverpool Bay. ... Map showing the location of the Wirral at grid reference SJ285850 Wirral or The Wirral (IPA: [wɪɹəɫ]) is a peninsula in the north west of England, bounded by the River Dee to the west and the River Mersey to the east. ... This article is about the sedimentary rock. ... Holywell (Welsh: ) is the fifth largest town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying to the west of the estuary of the River Dee. ... Mostyn is a small town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying on the estuary of the River Dee. ... Neston is a small residential town in the district of Ellesmere Port and Neston. ... Parkgate is a village on the Wirral peninsula, in the part that remains in Cheshire, England. ... Sunset over the Marine Lake West Kirby is a town located on the north west corner of the coast of the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England. ... Error creating thumbnail: convert: Corrupt image `/mnt/upload3/wikipedia/en/7/71/Hoylake_-_Wirral_dot. ...

The name of the river derives from the Welsh name for the river (Afon Dyfrdwy). Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ...

Uses

River Dee
Taken from Chainbridge, Llangollen

Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (960 × 1280 pixel, file size: 218 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Me = author Jamsta 12:20, 15 September 2006 (UTC) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (960 × 1280 pixel, file size: 218 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Me = author Jamsta 12:20, 15 September 2006 (UTC) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

Industry

Large parts of the catchment are devoted to agriculture and there a number of abstractions made from the river for summer irrigation. The volumes involved are not however significant.

From Chirk downstream, the river valley has supported a wide range of industries that were initially drawn to the area by the presence of coal mines and later by the deep deposits of carboniferous clays used to make bricks and tiles. The Carboniferous is a major division of the geologic timescale that extends from the end of the Devonian period, about 359. ... The Gay Head cliffs in Marthas Vineyard are made almost entirely of clay. ... A brick in a wall An old brick wall in English bond laid with alternating courses of headers and A brick is a block of ceramic material used in masonry construction and sized to be laid with one hand using mortar. ... Mission, or barrel, roof tiles A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, porcelain, metal or even glass. ...

The coal industry in particular gave rise to a number of chemical industries some of which survive to this day and which both take water from the river and discharge their cleaned up effluent back into the river. Industries in the valley include commercial chemicals manufacturer, wood chip and MDF fabrication, cocoa milling, fibreglass manufacture, waste disposal (in old clay pits) and a great variety of smaller industries concentrated around Wrexham. The main impact on the river of these industries is their thirst for a dependable good quality water supply. Medium-density fibreboard output in 2005 Medium-density fibreboard (MDF or MDFB) is an engineered wood product formed by breaking down softwood into wood fibres, often in a defibrator, combining it with wax and resin, and forming panels by applying high temperature and pressure. ... Cocoa beans in a cacao pod Cocoa is the dried and partially fermented fatty seed of the cacao tree from which chocolate is made. ... There is a disputed proposal to merge this article with glass-reinforced plastic. ... Albury landfill, Surrey, England A landfill, also known as a dump, is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form of waste treatment. ... A clay pit is an open mine for the extraction of clay, which is generally used for manufacturing bricks. ... , Wrexham (Welsh: Wrecsam) is a large (former industrial) town, conurbation and principal area of Wales lying in north-eastern part of the country. ...

Abstractions

There are a number of direct water abstractions upstream of Chester by three water companies and by the canal. The size of the abstraction is very large compared to the summer flow and the flow in the river is very highly regulated through the use of reservoirs to store water in the winter and release it in the summer. The whole system is managed as the River Dee regulation system. Below Chester water is also abstracted as cooling water by the gas-fired power station at Connah's Quay. Process and cooling water is also abstracted for the paper mill and power station at Shotton. River Dee Regulation Scheme The water demands of North West England including Liverpool and the Wirral far exceed the locally available sources of clean water. ... Connahs Quay (Welsh: Cei Connah) is the largest town in Flintshire, north Wales, lying on the River Dee. ... International Paper Companys Kraft paper mill in Georgetown, South Carolina. ... Shotton can refer to: Shotton, Peterlee, County Durham, England Shotton, Sedgefield, County Durham, England Shotton, Flintshire, Wales This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Canoeing

The Dee used to be a popular whitewater kayaking and touring river (particular the grade III/IV whitewater section upstream of Llangollen). It stays high after rain for longer than most British rivers and is paddleable year-round (thanks to the River Dee Regulation System). Canoeing used to be allowed on about twelve weekends per year, and tens of thousands of canoeists descended on Llangollen for recreational paddling (several Dee tours were held every winter), slalom competitions, and wild water races. Whitewater kayaking is the sport of paddling a kayak on a moving body of water, typically a river. ... Whitewater is formed in a rapid, when a rivers gradient drops enough to form a bubbly, or aerated and unstable current; the frothy water appears white. ... To slalom is to zigzag between obstacles. ... Whitewater racing is a competitive discipline of canoeing in which kayaks or canadian canoes are used to negotiate a stretch of river speedily. ...

Public access to the river is arranged by the Welsh Canoe Association. In 2003, negotiations with the angling associations owning fishing rights on the Dee broke down. The anglers wanted to restrict the numbers of paddlers on the river when paddling was allowed but the Welsh Canoe Association wanted to renew the previous agreement. As a result, all canoeing on the river was banned. In November 2004, a protest about the lack of access on the Dee, and to rivers across England and Wales, was held in Llangollen. More protests are likely in the future. Following the failure of the access agreement, many canoeists use the river at will from the numerous access points along its banks. The Welsh Canoeing Association (WCA) is the governing body for canoeing and kayaking in Wales. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Angling is a method of fishing, specifically the practice of catching fish by means of an angle (hook). ... November 2004 : January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December See also: November 2004 in sports November 2004 in science Events Deaths in November • 30 Pierre Berton • 29 John Drew Barrymore • 26 Bill Alley • 24 Arthur Hailey • 23 Rafael Eitan • 18 Bobby Frank Cherry • 16 John...

Canoeing is permitted on one 100 m long rapid 1 km upstream of Llangollen, and on some flat sections far downstream in England.

Fishing

The river has been famed as a mixed fishery with Salmon and trout fishing, mostly in the upper waters and a good coarse fishery in the lower reaches. A major pollution in the middle reaches in the late 1990s did extensive damage to the fishery from which it is now largely recovered. Illustration of a male Coho Salmon The Chinook or King Salmon is the largest salmon in North America and can grow to 1. ... Binomial name Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 Morphs Salmo trutta morpha trutta Salmo trutta morpha fario Salmo trutta morpha lacustris The brown trout (Salmo trutta morpha fario and morpha lacustris) and the sea trout ( morpha trutta) are fish of the same species distinguished chiefly by the fact that the brown trout...

Further reading

• G.W. Place, The Rise and Fall of Parkgate, Passenger Port for Ireland (1994).
• Gordon Emery, Curious Chester (1999) ISBN 1-872265-94-4
• Gordon Emery, Chester Inside Out (1998) ISBN 1-872265-92-8
• Gordon Emery, The Chester Guide(2003) ISBN 1-872265-89-8
• ed Gordon Emery, The Old Chester Canal ISBN 1-872265-88-X
• Gordon Emery, Chester Electric Lighting Station (2002) ISBN 1-872265-48-0
• Roy Wilding, Miller of Dee (1997) ISBN 1-872265-95-2
• Roy Wilding Death in Chester (2003) ISBN 1-872265-44-8
• PR Lewis, Disaster on the Dee: Robert Stephenson's Nemesis of 1847, Tempus Publishing (2007) ISBN 978 0 7524 4266 2

See also

• Rivers of the United Kingdom
• Dee bridge - The Dee bridge disaster
• Dee 106.3 - radio station based in Chester
• Miller of Dee - traditional folk song

This is a list of rivers of Great Britain. ... Dee bridge disaster A new bridge across the river Dee in Chester was needed for the Chester-Holyhead railway, a project planned in the 1840s for the expanding British railway system. ... Dee 106. ... The weir on the River Dee in Chester Miller of Dee is a traditional folk song from the Chester area in the north-west of England. ...

External links

• River Dee guide
• Dee Estuary bird life
• Dee Estuary photos