NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Robert Brown (botanist)

Robert Brown (December 21, 1773–June 10, 1858) is acknowledged as the leading British botanist to collect in Australia during the first half of the 19th century. Image File history File links Robert Browns Picture, who invented brownian motion File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Robert Browns Picture, who invented brownian motion File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Pinguicula grandiflora Botany is the scientific study of plantlife. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Brown was born in Montrose, Scotland on 21 December 1773. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh, where he was a classmate of Thomas Dick. He joined the army as a surgeon in 1795. In December 1800 he accepted an offer of the position of naturalist on board the The Investigator under Matthew Flinders, which was about to depart on its historic voyage to chart the coast of Australia. The Investigator arrived in King George Sound in what is now Western Australia in December 1801. For three and a half years Brown did intensive botanic research in Australia, collecting about 3400 species, of which about 2000 were previously unknown. A large part of this collection was lost, however, when the Porpoise was wrecked en route to England. Montrose is a minor port and tourist resort in Angus, on the east coast of Scotland. ... Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic)1 Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic, Scots Government Constitutional monarchy - Queen Queen Elizabeth II... December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1773 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... medicines, see medication and pharmacology. ... The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Thomas Dick (1774 - 1857), a popular Scottish scientific teacher and writer known for his works on astronomy. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... A cardiothoracic surgeon performs a mitral valve replacement at the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... // ON MAY 5 1853 MR.FADER HAD SEX WITH A MAN NAME MR WIEN THEN THEY HAD SON NAMEDMRS COTURE AND MR MANOOGIAN WENT INTO MRS HASKELLS OFFICE NAKED AND DANCED AROUND AND MASTERBATED ON HER CHEST AND SHE LICKED IT OFF THEN THEY HAD ORAL SEEX WITH NAPLOEAN OF... Table of natural history, 1728 Cyclopaedia Natural history is an umbrella term for what are now often viewed as several distinct scientific disciplines of integrative organismal biology. ... Captain Matthew Flinders RN (16 March 1774 â€“ 19 July 1814) was one of the most accomplished navigators and cartographers of his age. ... Albany is a city of approximately 30,000 people on the south coast of Western Australia, 261 miles southeast of Perth. ... Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $100,900 (4th) - Product per capita $50,355/person (3rd) Population (December 2006) - Population 2,050,900 (4th) - Density 0. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

Brown remained in Australia until May 1805. He then returned to England where he spent the next five years working on the material he had gathered. He published numerous species descriptions; in Western Australia alone he is the author of nearly 1200 species. In 1810, he published the results of his collecting in his famous Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen, the first systematic account of the Australian flora. That year, he succeeded Jonas C. Dryander as Sir Joseph Banks' librarian, and on Banks' death in 1820 inherited his library and herbarium. This was transferred to the British Museum in 1827, and Brown was appointed Keeper of the Banksian Botanical Collection. 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen (Prodromus of the Flora of New Holland and Van Diemens Land) is an 1810 flora of Australia by botanist Robert Brown. ... Jonas Carlsson Dryander (March 5, 1748 - October 19, 1810) was a Swedish botanist. ... Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, PRS (13 February 1743 â€“ 19 June 1820) was an English naturalist, botanist and science patron. ... 1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Julio PÃ©rez Ferrero Library - CÃºcuta, Colombia A modern-style library in ChambÃ©ry A library is a collection of information, sources, resources and services, organized for use, and maintained by a public body, an institution, or a private individual. ... In Botany, a herbarium is a collection of preserved plants or plant parts, mainly in a dried form. ... The British Museum in London is one of the worlds greatest museums of human history and culture. ... Year 1827 (MDCCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

In 1827, while examining pollen grains and the spores of mosses and Equisetum suspended in water under a microscope, Brown observed minute particles within vacuoles in the pollen grains executing a continuous jittery motion. He then observed the same motion in particles of dust, enabling him to rule out the hypothesis that the motion was due to pollen being alive. Although he himself did not provide a theory to explain the motion, the phenomenon is now known as Brownian motion in his honour. In a paper dated 1828, Brown named the cell nucleus. The nucleus had been observed before, first by the Dutch microscopist Leeuwenhoek, but it was Brown who first noted its ubiquitous occurrence and gave it the name it bears to this day. Year 1827 (MDCCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... SEM image of pollen grains from a variety of common plants: sunflower (Helianthus annuus), morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), prairie hollyhock (Sidalcea malviflora), oriental lily (Lilium auratum), evening primrose (Oenothera fruticosa), and castor bean (Ricinus communis). ... Subclasses Sphagnidae Andreaeidae Tetraphidae Polytrichidae Archidiidae Buxbaumiidae Bryidae Mosses are small, soft plants that are typically 1â€“10 cm tall, though some species are much larger. ... Species See text Equisetum is a genus of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds. ... Robert Hookes microscope (1665) - an engineered device used to study living systems. ... Three different views of Brownian motion, with 32 steps, 256 steps, and 2048 steps denoted by progressively lighter colors. ... HeLa cells stained for DNA with the Blue Hoechst dye. ... Anton von Leeuwenhoek Anton van Leeuwenhoek (October 24, 1632 - August 26, 1723) was a tradesman and scientist from Delft, in the Netherlands. ...

In recent years it was generally held that Brown's microscopes were insufficient to reveal phenomena of this order, or to resolve the nucleus. Brown's discoveries were denied in a brief paper in Scientific American vol 265 p 20 (1991) entitled "Did Robert Brown observe Brownian Motion: probably not". Shortly thereafter, in a hastily-compiled illustrated presentation, British microscopist Brian J. Ford presented to Inter Micro 1991 in Chicago a reprise of the demonstration. His video sequences substantiated the observations of Brown and were subsequently published in The Microscope vol 39 pp 161-171 (1991). Scientific American is a popular-science magazine, published (first weekly and later monthly) since August 28, 1845, making it the oldest continuously published magazine in the United States. ... Brian J. Ford is an English independent scientist, prolific author and popular interpreter of scientific issues for the general populace, whose scientific papers and numerous books have been published internationally. ...

After the division of the Natural History Department of the British Museum into three sections in 1837, Robert Brown became the first Keeper of the Botanical Department, remaining so until his death at Soho Square in London on June 10, 1858. He was succeeded by John Joseph Bennett. Soho Square in 1816. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... John Joseph Bennett (January 8, 1801 - February 29, 1876) was a British botanist. ...

Brown is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in London. Kensal Green Cemetery Kensal Green Cemetery, located in Kensal Green, London, England, was incorporated in 1832, and is the oldest of the Magnificent Seven cemeteries still in operation. ...

Brown's name is commemorated in the Australia herb genus Brunonia, as well as numerous Australian species such as Eucalyptus brownii. Herbs: basil Herbs (IPA: hÉ™()b, or É™b; see pronunciation differences) are plants grown for any purpose other than food, wood or beauty. ... For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Brunonia australis Sm. ...

This is a list of botanists by their author abbreviation, including that established by Brummitt & Powell (1992), designed for citation in the botanical names they have published. ... A botanical name is a formal name conforming to the ICBN. As with its zoological and bacterial equivalents it may also be called a scientific name. Botanical names may be in one part (genus and above), two parts (species) or three parts (below the rank of species). ...

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