Robert Koffler Jarvik (born 11 May 1946) is an American scientist and physician known for his role in developing the Jarvik-7 artificial heart. is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... An artificial heart is a device that is implanted into the body to replace the original biological heart. ... An artificial heart is a device that is implanted into the body to replace the original biological heart. ...

Biography

Jarvik was born in Midland, Michigan to Dr. Norman Eugene Jarvik and Edythe Koffler Jarvik and raised in Stamford, Connecticut. ^[1] Midland is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan in the Northern Lower Peninsula. ... Nickname: Location in Connecticut Coordinates: , NECTA Region Settled 1641 Incorporated (city) 1893 Consolidated 1949 Government  - Type Mayor-Board of representatives  - Mayor Dannel Malloy (Dem) Area  - City 134. ...

Jarvik is married to Parade magazine columnist Marilyn vos Savant, regarded as having the world's highest IQ. They reside in New York. ^{[citation needed]} PARADE is a magazine, distributed as a Sunday supplement in hundreds of newspapers in the United States. ... Marilyn vos Savant (born Marilyn Mach on August 11, 1946) is an American magazine columnist, author, lecturer and playwright who rose to fame through her listing in the Guinness Book of World Records under Highest IQ. Since 1986 she has written Ask Marilyn, a Sunday column in Parade magazine in... Guinness World Records 2007 edition. ... “IQ” redirects here. ... “NY” redirects here. ...

Jarvik is a graduate of Syracuse University. He earned a master’s degree in medical engineering from New York University. After that he went to work for Dr. Willem Johan Kolff, a Dutch born physician-inventor at the University of Utah, who produced the first dialysis machine, and who was working on other artificial organs, including a heart. Jarvik received his M.D. in 1976 from the University of Utah. He did not complete an internship or residency and has never been licensed to practice medicine. ^[2][3] Syracuse University (SU) is a private nonsectarian research university located in Syracuse, New York. ... New York University (NYU) is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational research university in New York City. ... Dr. Willem Johan (Pim) Kolff (born 14 February 1911, Leiden, the Netherlands) is the inventor of the hemodialysis as well as pioneer in the field of other artificial organs. ... The University of Utah (also The U or the U of U or the UU), located in Salt Lake City, is the flagship public research university in the state of Utah, and one of 10 institutions that make up the Utah System of Higher Education. ... The Medicinæ Doctor or Doctor of Medicine (M.D. or D.M.) is a doctorate level degree held by medical doctors. ... The University of Utah (also The U or the U of U or the UU), located in Salt Lake City, is the flagship public research university in the state of Utah, and one of 10 institutions that make up the Utah System of Higher Education. ...

Artificial heart

What came to be known as the Jarvik-7 was in fact the final product of the collaboration of many researchers who came before him, and their contributions to this project. Paul Winchell, ventriloquist and much-loved voice and television series character actor, invented the original artificial heart. With the help and advice of Dr. Henry Heimlich, Winchell designed an artificial heart and built a prototype. He filed for a patent in 1956, which he received in 1963. Winchell donated his patent to the institution and Jarvik, using many of Winchell’s basic principles, took the device further, culminating with the Jarvik-7. One area of research was conducted at the Cleveland Clinic, which was later upgraded to the Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, a new, independent arm of the hospital, where crucial elements of the fully implantable organs were produced. ^{[citation needed]} Paul Winchell and Jerry Mahoney Paul Winchell (December 21, 1922 – June 24, 2005), born Pinkus Wilchinski (the family later shortened the name to Wilchin) in New York City, was an American ventriloquist and voice actor whose fame flourished in the 1950s and 1960s. ... An artificial heart is a device that is implanted into the body to replace the original biological heart. ... Henry J. Heimlich (b. ... An artificial heart is a device that is implanted into the body to replace the original biological heart. ... Cleveland Clinic is a multispecialty academic medical center located in Cleveland, Ohio. ...

Jarvik would work jointly with Kolff on the Jarvik-7 artificial heart, a self-contained unit. No better solution was found for transcutaneous transmission of energy than surgical tunnelling of two 3cm pneumatic tubes. The control apparatus was shopping-cart sized. Thus, a patient with a Jarvik-7 had very restricted mobility, even if other problems such as embolism and infection were adequately controlled. Patients still required medication — heavy antibiotics as well as other drugs and treatments. An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ...

Dr. William DeVries first implanted the Jarvik-7, into retired dentist Barney Clark, at the University of Utah on December 2, 1982. During frequent press conferences to update the patient's condition, Jarvik, along with the head surgeon Dr. William DeVries, briefed the world’s media on Clark’s condition. The next several implantations of the Jarvik 7 heart were conducted by Humana, a large health care insurance company. The second patient, Bill Schroeder, survived 620 days. ^{[citation needed]} Mr. Clark, the first patient was in and out of the hospital before his eventual demise. William deVries is an American cardiothoracic surgeon, who performed the first successful permanent artificial heart implantation (on Barney Clark), using the Jarvik-7 model. ... The University of Utah (also The U or the U of U or the UU), located in Salt Lake City, is the flagship public research university in the state of Utah, and one of 10 institutions that make up the Utah System of Higher Education. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. ...

Companies

Later, Jarvik tried forming Symbion, Inc. to manufacture the heart, but he lost the company in a hostile takeover. He then founded Jarvik Heart, Inc., and began work to create the Jarvik 2000, a lifetime ventricular assist device. [4]

Celebrity

Since the well-aired 1982 news coverage of the first artificial heart transplant, Jarvik became an instant household name and enjoyed his celebrity status and additional wealth and prestige thoroughly.

Although developing a better understanding through study and research, Dr. Jarvik eventually failed to reach his goal.

Jarvik in the following years made several attempts and they were less covered as he disappeared from the limelight until recent television commercial medicine endorsements were aired heavily. Starting in 2006, Jarvik has appeared as a spokesman for Pfizer Pharmaceutical's cholesterol medication Lipitor. Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol), a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. ... In medicine and pharmacology, atorvastatin (Lipitor® or atorvastatin calcium) is a member of the drug class of statins, used for lowering cholesterol and thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. ...

References

is the 337th day of the year (338th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 337th day of the year (338th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Jarvik Heart Official website.
• Pfizer Launches New Lipitor Effort
• MSNBC article on Jarvik and Pfizer