| This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2007) | | The Rt Hon Sir Robert Peel, Bt |
| | In office August 30, 1841 – June 29, 1846 | | Monarch | Victoria | | Preceded by | The Viscount Melbourne | | Succeeded by | The Lord John Russell | In office December 10, 1834 – April 8, 1835 | | Monarch | William IV | | Preceded by | The Duke of Wellington | | Succeeded by | The Viscount Melbourne | | In office December 2, 1834 – April 8, 1835 | | Monarch | William IV | | Preceded by | The Lord Denman | | Succeeded by | Thomas Spring Rice |
| | Born | 5 February 1788(1788-02-05) Bury, Lancashire, England | | Died | 2 July 1850 (aged 62) Westminster, London, England | | Political party | Conservative | | Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford | Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet (5 February 1788 – 2 July 1850) was the Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from December 10, 1834 to April 8, 1835, and again from August 30, 1841 to June 29, 1846. He helped create the modern concept of the police force while Home Secretary, oversaw the formation of the Conservative Party out of the shattered Tory Party, and repealed the Corn Laws. There have been several notable people named Robert Peel: Sir Robert Peel, Bt, 19th-century British Prime Minister Robert Peel, a major figure in Christian Science Bobby Peel, a British cricket player This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ...
Download high resolution version (500x623, 95 KB)From [1], in the public domain This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ...
is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...
is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 â 22 January 1901) was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India from 1 May 1876, until her death on 22 January 1901. ...
Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ...
John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 â 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ...
is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
April 8 is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
| Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 â 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ...
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ...
Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ...
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ...
is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
April 8 is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
| Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 â 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ...
Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman (23 July 1779 - 26 September 1854), English judge, was born in London, the son of a well-known physician. ...
Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle (1790-7 February 1866), English statesman, son of S. E. Rice and Catherine Spring, came of a Limerick family, whose ancestor was Sir Stephen Rice (1637-1715), chief baron of the Irish exchequer and a leading Jacobite. ...
is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
This article is about the town of Bury in North West England. ...
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Westminster is a district within the City of Westminster in London. ...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), the largest in terms of public membership, and the oldest political party in the United Kingdom. ...
and of the Christ Church College name Christ Church Latin name Ãdes Christi Named after Jesus Christ Established 1546 Sister college Trinity College, Cambridge Dean The Very Revd Christopher Andrew Lewis JCR president Laura Ellis Undergraduates 426 GCR president Tim Benjamin Graduates 154 Location of Christ Church within central Oxford...
is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), the largest in terms of public membership, and the oldest political party in the United Kingdom. ...
The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ...
is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
April 8 is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
| Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
is the 242nd day of the year (243rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...
is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office and is responsible for internal affairs in England and Wales, and for immigration and citizenship for the whole United Kingdom (including Scotland and Northern Ireland). ...
For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ...
The Corn Laws, in force between 1815 and 1846, were import tariffs ostensibly designed to protect British farmers and landowners against competition from cheap foreign grain imports. ...
Biography
Peel was born in Bury, Lancashire, England to the industrialist and Member of Parliament Sir Robert Peel. His father was one of the richest textile manufacturers of the early Industrial Revolution. Peel was educated first at Hipperholme Grammar School, then at Harrow School and finally Christ Church, Oxford, where he took a double first in classics and mathematics. He is also believed to have briefly attended Bury Grammar School. While living in Tamworth, he is credited with the development of the Tamworth Pig by breeding Irish stock with some local Tamworth pigs. Some of his descendants now live in Victoria, Australia and Sheffield, England. This article is about the town of Bury in North West England. ...
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...
For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...
Sir Robert Peel, 1st Baronet, (25 April 1750 â 3 May 1805), father of the Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel was a politician and industrialist and one of early textile manufacturers of the industrial revolution. ...
A Watt steam engine, the steam engine that propelled the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the world. ...
Hipperholme Grammar School Hipperholme Grammar School is an independent grammar school in West Yorkshire, England. ...
Harrow School, (originally: The Free Grammar School of John Lyon; generally: Harrow), is an independent school for boys (aged 13-18), and is located in Harrow on the Hill in the London Borough of Harrow. ...
and of the Christ Church College name Christ Church Latin name Ãdes Christi Named after Jesus Christ Established 1546 Sister college Trinity College, Cambridge Dean The Very Revd Christopher Andrew Lewis JCR president Laura Ellis Undergraduates 426 GCR president Tim Benjamin Graduates 154 Location of Christ Church within central Oxford...
Bury Grammar School is an independent grammar school in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury to the north of Manchester in Greater Manchester, that has existed since c. ...
For other places named Tamworth, see Tamworth (disambiguation). ...
Adult Tamworth pig, Aberdeenshire, Scotland Tamworth Pig is among the oldest of porcine breeds, but its population is considered rare and critical. ...
Early political career The young Peel entered politics at the young age of 21 as MP for the Irish rotten borough of Cashel, Tipperary. With a scant 24 voters on the rolls, he was elected unopposed. More importantly, his sponsor for the election (besides his father) was the Chief Secretary for Ireland, Sir Arthur Wellesley, the future Duke of Wellington, with whom Peel's political career would be entwined for the next 25 years. Peel made his maiden speech at the start of the 1810 session, when he was chosen by the Prime Minister, Spencer Perceval, to second the reply to the king's speech. His speech was a sensation, famously described by the Speaker, Charles Abbot, as "the best first speech since that of William Pitt."[1] The term rotten borough referred to a parliamentary borough or constituency in Great Britain and Ireland which, due to size and population, was controlled and used by a patron to exercise undue and unrepresentative influence within parliament. ...
Cashel was a former United Kingdom Parliament constituency, in Ireland, returning one MP. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801. ...
WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 52. ...
The Chief Secretary was the most important position for determining British policy in Ireland after the Lord Lieutenant, and was frequently a cabinet level position in the 19th and early twentieth centuries. ...
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ...
A maiden speech is the first speech given by a newly elected representative in such bodies as the House of Commons or the United States House of Representatives. ...
Spencer Perceval (1 November 1762 â 11 May 1812) was a British statesman and Prime Minister. ...
Queen Elizabeth II reads Canadas Speech from the Throne in 1977 The Speech from the Throne (or Throne Speech) is an event in certain monarchies in which the monarch (or a representative) reads a prepared speech to a complete session of parliament, outlining the governments agenda for the...
In the United Kingdom, the Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, and is seen historically as the First Commoner of the Land. ...
Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester (14 October 1757âMay 8, 1829) was a British statesman. ...
William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ...
For the next decade he occupied a series of relatively minor positions in the Tory governments: Undersecretary for War, Chief Secretary for Ireland, and chairman of the Bullion Committee (charged with stabilizing British finances after the end of the Napoleonic Wars). He also changed seats twice: first picking up another rotten borough, Chippenham, then becoming MP for Oxford University in 1817. For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ...
The Bullion committee was set up in order to research the possibility of putting Britain onto the gold standard and how to carry it out. ...
Combatants Austria[1] Portugal Prussia[1] Russia[2] Sicily Spain[3] Sweden United Kingdom[4] French Empire Holland Italy Naples [5] Duchy of Warsaw Bavaria[6] Saxony[7] Denmark-Norway [8] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack von Leiberich João Francisco de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun Gebhard von...
Oxford University was a university constituency electing two members to the House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950. ...
He later served as MP for Tamworth from 1830 until his death. His home was Drayton Manor. His home Drayton Manor is no longer standing, but it is home to Drayton Manor Theme Park. Tamworth is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ...
Drayton Manor is a British stately home at Drayton Bassett, near Tamworth, Staffordshire, England. ...
Drayton Manor Theme Park is a British theme park in the grounds of the former Drayton Manor, near Tamworth in Staffordshire, England. ...
Home Secretary
The Duke of Wellington Prime Minister 1828-1830 Peel was considered one of the rising stars of the Tory party, first entering the cabinet in 1822 as Home Secretary. As Home Secretary, he introduced a number of important reforms of British criminal law: most memorably establishing the Metropolitan Police Force (Metropolitan Police Act 1829). He also changed the Penal code reducing the number of crimes punishable by death. He reformed the gaol system, introducing payment for gaolers and education for the inmates. Image File history File links 1st duke of Wellington unofficial photo of part of a painting on display in the Duke of Wellingtons Regimental Headquarters. ...
Image File history File links 1st duke of Wellington unofficial photo of part of a painting on display in the Duke of Wellingtons Regimental Headquarters. ...
The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary, is the minister in charge of the United Kingdom Home Office and is responsible for internal affairs in England and Wales, and for immigration and citizenship for the whole United Kingdom (including Scotland and Northern Ireland). ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Criminal Code. ...
Capital punishment, or the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. ...
He resigned as Home Secretary after the Prime Minister, Lord Liverpool, became incapacitated and was replaced by George Canning. Canning favoured Catholic Emancipation, while Peel had been one of its most outspoken opponents. Canning himself died less than four months later and, after the brief premiership of Lord Goderich, Peel returned to the post of Home Secretary under the premiership of his long-time ally the Duke of Wellington. During this time he was widely perceived as the number-two in the Tory Party, after Wellington himself. The son of George IIIs close adviser Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool and his part-Indian first wife, Amelia Watts, Robert Jenkinson was educated at Charterhouse School and Christ Church, Oxford. ...
George Canning (11 April 1770 â 8 August 1827) was a British statesman and politician who served as Foreign Secretary and, briefly, Prime Minister. ...
Catholic Emancipation was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century which involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics which had been introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the Penal Laws. ...
The Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC (November 1, 1782 â January 28, 1859), Frederick John Robinson until 1827, The Viscount Goderich 1827â1833, and The Earl of Ripon 1833 onwards, was a British statesman and Prime Minister (when he was known as Lord Goderich). ...
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ...
However, the pressure on the new ministry from advocates of Catholic Emancipation was too great and an Emancipation Bill was passed the next year. Peel felt compelled to resign his seat as MP representing the graduates of Oxford University (many of whom were Anglican clergymen), as he had stood on a platform of opposition to Catholic Emancipation (in 1815 he had, in fact, challenged to a duel the man most associated with emancipation, Daniel O'Connell). Peel instead moved to a rotten borough, Westbury, retaining his Cabinet position. Peel's protege Gladstone later emulated Peel by serving as MP for Oxford University from 1847 to 1865, before himself being defeated for his willingness to disestablish the Irish Church. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
A bill is a proposed new law introduced within a legislature that has not been ratified, adopted, or received assent. ...
A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ...
Daniel OConnell Daniel OConnell (6 August 1775 â 15 May 1847) (Irish: Dónal à Conaill), known as The Liberator or The Emancipator, was Irelands predominant political leader in the first half of the nineteenth century who championed the cause of the down-trodden Catholic population. ...
The term rotten borough referred to a parliamentary borough or constituency in Great Britain and Ireland which, due to size and population, was controlled and used by a patron to exercise undue and unrepresentative influence within parliament. ...
Westbury is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ...
Police reform It was at this point that he established the Metropolitan Police Force for London based at Scotland Yard. The 1,000 constables employed were affectionately nicknamed 'Bobbies' or, somewhat less affectionately, 'Peelers' (both terms are still used today). Although at first unpopular, they proved very successful in cutting crime in London, and by 1835 all cities in the UK were being directed to form their own police forces—see Policing in the United Kingdom. (Actually, the authorities in Stalybridge, Cheshire had set up their own police force some two years earlier and so Peel was aware of this success of "police forces" before he "introduced" them in London. [citation needed] The city of Glasgow, Scotland had also had its own police force since 1800.) Known as the father of modern policing, Robert Peel developed the Peelian Principles which defined the ethical requirements police officers must follow in order to be effective. His most memorable principle was, "the police are the public, and the public are the police." The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) (usually just referred to as the Metropolitan Police, its former official name, or the Met) is the territorial police force in Greater London, England, with the exception of the square mile of the City of London, which has its own police force, the City of...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
New Scotland Yard, London New Scotland Yard, it blowwsssss often referred to simply as Scotland Yard or The Yard, is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service, responsible for policing Greater London (although not the City of London itself). ...
A Police Constable of West Yorkshire Police on patrol The United Kingdom (UK) does not have one single police service serving the general public; with the exception of various special police forces and of Northern Ireland (which has one unified force, the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI)), police forces...
Statistics Population: 22,568 (2001 Census) Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: SJ963985 Administration District: Tameside Metropolitan county: Greater Manchester Region: North West England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Greater Manchester Historic county: Cheshire / Lancashire Services Police force: Greater Manchester Fire and rescue: {{{Fire}}} Ambulance: North...
For other uses, see Cheshire (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the country. ...
The City of Glasgow Police was one of the first professional police forces in modern history. ...
Peelian Reform addresses the philosophy that Robert Peel provided to establish an ethical police force. ...
Researchers [Susan A. Lentz and Robert H. Chaires, "The Invention of Peel's Principles: A Study of Policing 'Textbook' History", Journal of Criminal Justice 35 (2007) 69-79] have since concluded that Peel's list of principles was more likely authored by twentieth century policing scholars than by Peel himself. While Peel discussed the spirit of some of the principles in his speeches and other communications, Lentz and Chaires found no proof that he ever actually compiled a formal list.
Whigs in power (1830-1834)
The Earl Grey Prime Minister 1830-34 The Middle and Working Classes in England at that time, however, were clamoring for reform, and Catholic Emancipation was only one of the ideas in the air. The Tory ministry refused to bend on other issues and were swept out of office in 1830 in favour of the Whigs. The following few years were extremely turbulent, but eventually enough reforms were passed that King William IV felt confident enough to invite the Tories to form a ministry again in succession to those of Lord Grey and Lord Melbourne in 1834. Peel was selected as Prime Minister but was in Italy at the time, so Wellington acted as a caretaker for the three weeks until Peel's return. Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
The Whigs (with the Tories) are often described as one of two political parties in England and later the United Kingdom from the late 17th to the mid 19th centuries. ...
William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 â 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ...
The Right Honourable Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC (13 March 1764â17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ...
Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ...
First term as Prime Minister (1834-1835) -
This new Tory Ministry was a minority government, however, and depended on Whig goodwill for its continued existence. As his statement of policy at the general election of January 1835, Peel issued the Tamworth Manifesto. The issuing of this document is often seen as one of the most crucial points at which the Tories became the Conservative Party. In it he pledged that the Conservatives would endorse modest reform, but the Whigs instead formed a compact with Daniel O'Connell's Irish Radical members to repeatedly defeat the government on various bills. Eventually Peel's ministry resigned out of frustration and the Whigs under Lord Melbourne returned to power. The only real achievements of Peel's first administration was a commission to review the governance of the Church of England. This ecclesiastical commission being the forerunner of the Church Commissioners. A further achievement was a rapid gain in seats in the House of Commons which was around 100 seats in the 100 days Peel's Ministry lasted. Sir Robert Peel, Bt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1834-1835, 1841-1846. ...
The Tamworth Manifesto was a political manifesto issued by Sir Robert Peel in 1835 in Tamworth, which is widely credited by historians as having laid down the principles upon which the modern British Conservative Party is based. ...
The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is the second largest political party in the United Kingdom in terms of sitting Members of Parliament (MPs), the largest in terms of public membership, and the oldest political party in the United Kingdom. ...
Daniel OConnell Daniel OConnell (6 August 1775 â 15 May 1847) (Irish: Dónal à Conaill), known as The Liberator or The Emancipator, was Irelands predominant political leader in the first half of the nineteenth century who championed the cause of the down-trodden Catholic population. ...
The Church of England logo since 1998 The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[1] in England, and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion. ...
The Church Commissioners are a body managing the historic property assets of the Church of England. ...
Leader of the Opposition (1835-1841) In May 1839, he was offered another chance to form a government, this time by the new monarch, Queen Victoria. However, this too would have been a minority government and Peel felt he needed a further sign of confidence from his Queen. Lord Melbourne had been Victoria's confidant for several years, and many of the higher posts in Victoria's household were held by the wives and female relatives of Whigs; there was some feeling that Victoria had allowed herself to be too closely associated with the Whig party. Peel therefore asked that some of this coterie be dismissed and replaced with their Conservative counterparts, provoking the so-called Bedchamber Crisis. Victoria refused to change her household, and despite pleadings from the Duke of Wellington, relied on assurances of support from Whig leaders. Peel refused to form a government, and the Whigs returned to power. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 â 22 January 1901) was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India from 1 May 1876, until her death on 22 January 1901. ...
The Bedchamber crisis (May 1839) is the unofficial name for the crisis that took place under Queen Victoria during a change of Her Majestys government. ...
Second term as Prime Minister (1841-1846) -
Sir Robert Peel, Bt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1834-1835, 1841-1846. ...
Factory Act Peel finally had a chance to head a majority government following the election of July 1841. His promise of modest reform was held to, and the second most famous bill of this ministry, while "reforming" in 21st century eyes, was in fact aimed at the reformers themselves, with their constituency among the new industrial rich. The Factory Act 1844 acted more against these industrialists than it did against the traditional stronghold of the Conservatives, the landed gentry, by restricting the number of hours that children and women could work in a factory, and setting rudimentary safety standards for machinery. Interestingly, this was a continuation of his own father's work as an MP, as the elder Robert Peel was most noted for reform of working conditions during the first part of the 19th century. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Landed gentry is a term traditionally applied in Britain to members of the upper class with country estates often (but not always) farmed on their behalf by others, and who might be without a peerage or other hereditary title. ...
In 1843 Peel was the target of a failed assassination attempt; a criminally-insane Scottish woodsman named Daniel M'Naghten stalked him for several days before accidentally killing Peel's personal secretary Edward Drummond instead. This article is about the MNaghten case. ...
Edward Drummond (1792â25 April 1843) was a civil servant and Personal Secretary to Robert Peel, the British Prime Minister. ...
Corn Laws and after | This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. This section has been tagged since September 2007. |
The Earl Russell Prime Minister 1846-52, 1865-66 The most notable act of Peel's second ministry, however, was the one that would bring it down. This time Peel moved against the landholders by repealing the Corn Laws, which supported agricultural revenues by restricting grain imports. This radical break with Conservative protectionism was triggered by the Great Irish Famine (1845-1849). At first sceptical of the extent of the problem, Peel reacted slowly to the famine. As realisation dawned, however, he hoped that ending the Corn Laws would free up more food for the Irish. Though he knew repealing the laws would mean the end of his ministry, Peel decided to do so. Yet many historians[weasel words] believe that Peel merely used the Irish Famine as an excuse to repeal the Corn Laws, having been an intellectual convert to free trade since the 1820s. Blake points out that if Peel was convinced that total repeal was necessary to stave off the famine, he should have enacted a bill that brought about immediate temporary repeal, not permanent repeal over a three-year period of gradual tapering-off of duties. His own party failed to support the bill, but it passed with Whig and Radical support on 29 June 1846. A following bill was defeated as a direct consequence, however, and Peel resigned. Lord John Russell This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
Lord John Russell This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
The Corn Laws, in force between 1815 and 1846, were import tariffs ostensibly designed to protect British farmers and landowners against competition from cheap foreign grain imports. ...
Great Irish Famine may also refer to Great Irish Famine (1740-1741). ...
is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Benjamin Disraeli Prime Minister 1868, 1874-80 As an aside in reference to the Repeal of the Corn Laws, Peel did make some moves to subsidise the purchase of food for the Irish, but this attempt was small and had little tangible effect. In the age of laissez-faire, government taxes were small, and subsidies or direct economic interference were almost non-existent. That subsidies were actually given was very much out of character for the political times; Peel's successor, Lord John Russell, has received more criticism than Peel has on Irish policy. The repeal of the Corn Laws was more political than humanitarian. Peel's support for free trade could already be seen in his 1842 and 1845 budgets; in late 1842 Graham wrote to Peel that "the next change in the Corn Laws must be to an open trade", while arguing that the government should not tackle the issue.[2] Speaking to the cabinet in 1844, Peel argued that the choice was maintenance of the 1842 Corn Law or total repeal.[3] Whatever the intentions, in the end the repeal of the Corn Laws had little effect on the situation in Ireland. Image File history File links Benjamin_Disraeli,_1st_Earl_of_Beaconsfield_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103. ...
Image File history File links Benjamin_Disraeli,_1st_Earl_of_Beaconsfield_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_13103. ...
Laissez-faire is short for laissez faire, laissez passer, a French phrase meaning to let things alone, let them pass. First used by the eighteenth century Physiocrats as an injunction against government interference with trade, it is now used as a synonym for strict free market economics. ...
John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 â 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ...
1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
Sir James Robert George Graham, 2nd Baronet (1 June 1792 - 25 October 1861) was a British statesman. ...
Jan. ...
1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
The historian Boyd Hilton argues that Peel knew from 1844 that he was going to be deposed as Conservative leader—many of his MPs had taken to voting against him and the rupture within the party between liberals and paternalists which had been so damaging in the 1820s, but masked by the issue of reform in the 1830s was brought to the surface over the Corn Laws. Hilton's hypothesis is that Peel wished to actually be deposed on a liberal issue so that he might later lead a Peelite/Whig/Liberal alliance.
Later career and death He did retain a hard core of supporters however, known as Peelites, and at one point in 1849 was actively courted by the Whig/Radical coalition. He continued to stand on his conservative principles, however, and refused. Nevertheless, he was influential on several important issues, including the furtherance of British free trade with the repeal of the Navigation Acts. Peel was a member of the committee which controlled the House of Commons Library, and on 16 April 1850 was responsible for passing the motion that controlled its scope and collection policy for the rest of the century. The Peelites (or Liberal Conservatives as they were also occasionally known) are those MPs and Peers who remained loyal to British Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel following the break up of the British Conservative Party on the issue of abolishing the Corn Laws in 1846. ...
Wikisource has original text related to this article: Navigation Acts The English Navigation Acts were a series of laws which, beginning in 1651, restricted the use of foreign shipping in the trade of England (later the Kingdom of Great Britain and its colonies). ...
The House of Commons Library is the library and information resource of the lower house of the British Parliament. ...
is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Peel was thrown from his horse while riding up Constitution Hill in London on 29 June 1850, the horse stumbled on top of him and he died three days later on July 2 at the age of 62. His Peelite followers, led by Lord Aberdeen and William Gladstone, went on to fuse with the Whigs as the Liberal Party. Constitution Hill is a road in the City of Westminster, London England. ...
is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784âDecember 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ...
William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 â 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868â1874, 1880â1885, 1886 and 1892â1894). ...
This article is about the historic Liberal Party. ...
Family Peel married Julia, youngest daughter of General Sir John Floyd, 1st Baronet, in 1820. They had five sons and two daughters. Four of his sons gained distinction in their own right. His eldest son Sir Robert Peel, 3rd Baronet, served as Chief Secretary for Ireland from 1861 to 1865. His second son Sir Frederick Peel was a politician and railway commissioner. His third son Sir William Peel was a naval commander and recipient of the Victoria Cross. His fifth son Arthur Wellesley Peel was Speaker of the House of Commons and created Viscount Peel in 1895. Julia, Lady Peel, died in 1859. Sir Robert Peel, 3rd Baronet GCB (4 May 1822 â 9 May 1895) was a British politician. ...
The Chief Secretary was the most important position for determining British policy in Ireland after the Lord Lieutenant, and was frequently a cabinet level position in the 19th and early twentieth centuries. ...
Sir Frederick Peel (1823-1906), second son of the Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel, was educated at Harrow and at Trinity College, Cambridge, becoming a barrister in 1849. ...
Captain Sir William Peel VC KCB (2 November 1824â27 April 1858) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. ...
For other uses, see Victoria Cross (disambiguation). ...
The Right Honourable Arthur Wellesley Peel, 1st Viscount Peel (3 August 1829 - 24 October 1912), Speaker of the British House of Commons 1884-95, was the youngest son of the Conservative Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel, and was named after the Duke of Wellington. ...
In the United Kingdom, the Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, and is seen historically as the First Commoner of the Land. ...
The title of Earl Peel was created in 1929 for William Wellesley Peel, 2nd Viscount Peel, a Conservative politician. ...
In Memory of Sir Robert Peel Peel Tower Monument, this tower was built on top of Holcombe Hill in Ramsbottom, Bury. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 450 Ã 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1536 Ã 2048 pixel, file size: 385 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Robert Peel ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 450 Ã 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1536 Ã 2048 pixel, file size: 385 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Robert Peel ...
For other uses, see Parliament Square (disambiguation). ...
The memorial tower to Sir Robert Peel high above Ramsbottom was planned and erected at the same time as Bury was preparing its statue to the recently deceased statesman. ...
Ramsbottom is a small town on the border of Lancashire and Greater Manchester, England. ...
This article is about the town of Bury in North West England. ...
There is a statue of Sir Robert Peel outside the Robert Peel public house in Bury town centre, the town where Peel was born. There is a small statue of Sir Robert Peel on Winckley Square in Preston city centre. Winckley Square is situated in the centre of Preston, Lancashire, between Avenham Park and Fishergate. ...
This article is about Preston, Lancashire. ...
A British steamer named SS Sir Robert Peel, based in Canada, was burned by American forces on May 29, 1838, at the height of American-Canadian tensions over the Caroline Affair. is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
| Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...
The Caroline Affair refers to a series of events beginning in 1837 that strained relations between the United States and Canada (and thus Britain). ...
A statue of Peel stands in Montrose town centre. Montrose is the name of several places in the world. ...
The Regional Municipality of Peel (originally Peel County) in Ontario, Canada is named for Sir Robert Peel. Motto: Working for you Area: 1,241. ...
Peel Street (rue Peel in French), is a street in Montréal, and from that comes the name of nearby Metro station. {{Canadian City/Disable Field={{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: Concordia Salus (Salvation through harmony) Ville de Montréal, Québec, Canada Location. ...
The Montreal Metro is the main form of public transportation within the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...
Peel Peel is a station on the Green Line of the Montreal Metro, located in downtown Montreal in the borough of Ville-Marie. ...
The Sir Robert Peel Hotel ("The Peel") is a Gay Bar on Peel Street in Collingwood, Victoria Melbourne Australia. Collingwood is an inner city suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...
This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre. ...
The Sir Robert Peel Hospital in Tamworth. For other places named Tamworth, see Tamworth (disambiguation). ...
A small monument in the center of the town of Dronfield (Derbyshire) Dronfield is a town in northeast Derbyshire, England // Situated between Sheffield and Chesterfield on the River Drone, Dronfield lies on the B6057 (Chesterfield Road and Sheffield Road). ...
Tamworth-raised musician Julian Cope sings "the king and queen have offered me the estate of Robert Peel" on the song 'O King of Chaos', from his 1984 LP Fried. For other places named Tamworth, see Tamworth (disambiguation). ...
Julian Cope (born Julian David Cope, on 21 October 1957) is a British rock musician, writer, antiquary, musicologist, and poet who came to prominence as singer of Liverpool post-punk band The Teardrop Explodes in 1978. ...
Fried was the second solo album by Julian Cope. ...
Sir Robert Peel's governments Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
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Sir Robert Peel, Bt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1834-1835, 1841-1846. ...
Sir Robert Peel, Bt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 1834-1835, 1841-1846. ...
See also Daniel MNaghten (Pronounced McNaughten) (1815? â 1865) was a Scottish woodsman who assassinated English civil servant Edward Drummond while suffering from paranoid delusions. ...
Notes - ^ Gash, Mr. Secretary Peel, 59-61; 68-69.
- ^ Quoted in Gash, Sir Robert Peel, 362.
- ^ Gash, Sir Robert Peel, 429.
References - Gash, Norman (1961). Mr. Secretary Peel: The Life of Sir Robert Peel to 1830. New York: Longmans.
- Gash, Norman (1972). Sir Robert Peel: The Life of Sir Robert Peel after 1830. Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN 0874711320.
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page
- Stephen, Sir Leslie and Sir Sidney Lee (editors). The Dictionary of National Biography: From the Earliest Times to 1900. Volume XV Owens-Pockrich. Oxford University Press.
Norman Gash was the sole biographer of Sir Robert Peel, he published two volumes of his life; the first was entitled Mr Secretary Peel and followed his life up until 1830. ...
Norman Gash was the sole biographer of Sir Robert Peel, he published two volumes of his life; the first was entitled Mr Secretary Peel and followed his life up until 1830. ...
Oxford University Press (OUP) is a highly-respected publishing house and a department of the University of Oxford in England. ...
External links Offices held | Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom | Great Britain: Walpole · Wilmington · Pelham · Newcastle · Devonshire · Newcastle · Bute · G Grenville · Rockingham · Chatham (Pitt the Elder) · Grafton · North · Rockingham · Shelburne · Portland · Pitt the Younger William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington (1763–1845) was an Irish politician and an elder brother of the Duke of Wellington. ...
The Chief Secretary was the most important position for determining British policy in Ireland after the Lord Lieutenant, and was frequently a cabinet level position in the 19th and early twentieth centuries. ...
This article is about the Scottish politician. ...
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The Secretary of State for the Home Department (the Home Secretary) is the chief United Kingdom government minister responsible for law and order in England and Wales; his or her remit includes policing, the criminal justice system, the prison service, internal security, and matters of citizenship and immigration. ...
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Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ...
The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ...
Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ...
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The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ...
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The Rt. ...
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United Kingdom: Pitt the Younger · Addington · Pitt the Younger · W Grenville · Portland · Perceval · Liverpool · Canning · Goderich · Wellington · Grey · Melbourne · Wellington · Peel · Melbourne · Peel · Russell · Derby · Aberdeen · Palmerston · Derby · Palmerston · Russell · Derby · Disraeli · Gladstone · Disraeli · Gladstone · Salisbury · Gladstone · Salisbury · Gladstone · Rosebery · Salisbury · Balfour · Campbell-Bannerman · Asquith · Lloyd George · Bonar Law · Baldwin · MacDonald · Baldwin · MacDonald · Baldwin · Chamberlain · Churchill · Attlee · Churchill · Eden · Macmillan · Douglas-Home · Wilson · Heath · Wilson · Callaghan · Thatcher · Major · Blair · Brown William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ...
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William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 â 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868â74, 1880â85, 1886 and 1892â94). ...
Archibald Primrose redirects here. ...
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ...
For the steel manufacturer, see Arthur Balfour, 1st Baron Riverdale. ...
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (7 September 1836 â 22 April 1908) , also known as Andie McDowell, was a British Liberal statesman who served as Prime Minister from December 5, 1905 until resigning due to ill health on April 3, 1908. ...
Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, KG, PC (12 September 1852 â 15 February 1928) served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916. ...
David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, OM, PC (17 January 1863 â 26 March 1945) was a British statesman who was Prime Minister throughout the latter half of World War I and the first four years of the subsequent peace. ...
Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ...
Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
James Ramsay MacDonald (12 October 1866 â 9 November 1937) was a British politician and three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
James Ramsay MacDonald (12 October 1866 â 9 November 1937) was a British politician and three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
This article is about the British prime minister. ...
Churchill redirects here. ...
Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC (3 January 1883 â 8 October 1967) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951. ...
Churchill redirects here. ...
For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ...
Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 â 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ...
Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel,[1] KT, PC (2 July 1903 - 9 October 1995) 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British Conservative (actually SUP) politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October...
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 â 24 May 1995) was one of the most prominent British politicians of the 20th century. ...
Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, OBE (9 July 1916 â 17 July 2005) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 to 1975. ...
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 â 24 May 1995) was one of the most prominent British politicians of the 20th century. ...
Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 â 26 March 2005), was Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979. ...
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (née Roberts; born 13 October 1925) served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 until 1990, being the first and to date only woman to hold either post. ...
For other persons named John Major, see John Major (disambiguation). ...
For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency...
For others with the same or similar names, see Gordon Brown (disambiguation). ...
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 | | Chancellors of the Exchequer | | England | Giffard · Stanton · Catesby · Berners · Baker · Mildmay · Fortescue · Home · Caesar · Greville · Portland · Newburgh · Cottington · Colepeper · Clarendon · Shaftesbury · Duncombe · Ernle · Booth · Hampden · Montagu · Smith · Boyle Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ...
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ...
Arms of Bishop Giffard, used by Worcester Cathedral Godfrey Giffard (c. ...
Hervey de Stanton (12??-13??) was a Chancellor of the Exechequer to King Edward II. He also was a founder of Michaelhouse College at the University of Cambridge, one of the predecessors to Trinity College, Cambridge. ...
Sir William Catesby (1450-1485) was a prominent member of the group that supported Richard III of England during his brief reign. ...
John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners (1467 - 1553) was a translator, born at Sherfield, Herts and educated at Oxford, held various offices of state, including that of Chancellor of the Exchequer to Henry VIII., and Lieutenant of Calais, where he died He translated, at the Kings desire, Froissarts Chronicles...
John Baker was the first Chancellor of the Exchequer. ...
Sir Walter Mildmay was Chancellor of the Exchequer under Queen Elizabeth I of England. ...
John Fortescue Sir John Fortescue of Salden (c. ...
George Home, 1st Earl of Dunbar, Knight of the Garter (died 1612). ...
Sir Julius Caesar (1557/58 - 18 April 1636), was an English judge and politician. ...
Sir Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke (October 3, 1554-September 30, 1628) was a minor Elizabethan poet, dramatist, and statesman. ...
Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland, was born in 1577, at Roxwell in Essex, England, eldest son and heir of Sir Hierome Weston, High Sheriff of Essex, and Mary Cave. ...
Edward Barrett, 1st Lord Barrett of Newburgh, PC (21 June 1581-buried 2 January 1645) was an English politician. ...
Francis Cottington, 1st Baron Cottington (ca. ...
John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper (d. ...
Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (18 February 1609â9 December 1674) was an English historian, statesman and grandfather of two queens regnant, Mary II and Anne. ...
A rough picture of Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury (July 22, 1621 â January 21, 1683) was a prominent English politician of the Interregnum and during the reign of King Charles II. Cooper, born in the county of Dorset, suffered the death of both...
Sir John Duncombe (1622-1687) was the Chancellor of the Exchequer from 22 November 1672 - 2 May 1676. ...
Sir John Ernle (1620 â1697) was Chancellor of the Exchequer of England from May 2, 1676 - April 9, 1689. ...
Henry Booth (January 13, 1651—January 2, 1694) was the son of George Booth, Baron Delamer. ...
Richard Hampden (1631 - 1695) was an English Whig politician and son John Hampden. ...
Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax (April 16, 1661 - May 19, 1715) was Chancellor of the Exchequer, poet, statesman, and Earl of Halifax. ...
John Smith (1655/6 - 1723) was an English politician, twice serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer. ...
Henry Boyle, 1st Baron Carleton (12 July 1669 - 31 March 1725) was a British politician of the early eighteenth century. ...
| | Great Britain | Smith · Harley · Benson · Wyndham · Onslow · Walpole · Stanhope · Aislabie · Pratt · Walpole · Sandys · Pelham · Lee · Bilson Legge · Lyttelton · Bilson Legge · Mansfield · Bilson Legge · Barrington · Dashwood · Grenville · Dowdeswell · Townshend · North · Cavendish · Pitt · Cavendish John Smith (1655/6 - 1723) was an English politician, twice serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer. ...
Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Mortimer (5 December 1661 â 21 May 1724), was an English statesman of the Stuart and early Georgian periods. ...
Robert Benson, later Baron Bingley (circa 1676 â April 9, 1731) was an English politician of the 18th century. ...
Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet (1687 - June 17, 1740), English politician, was the only son of Sir Edward Wyndham, Bart. ...
Sir Richard Onslow, (June 23, 1654 â December 5, 1717), was a British Whig member of parliament. ...
Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, (commonly known as Robert Walpole, or Sir Robert Walpole) KG, KB, PC (26 August 1676 â 18 March 1745) was a British statesman who is generally regarded as having been the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. ...
James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope (c. ...
John Aislabie (December 4, 1670- June 18, 1742) was a British politician, notable for his involvement in the South Sea Bubble and for creating the water garden at Studley Royal. ...
Sir John Pratt (1657 - 1725) was a British judge and politician. ...
Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, (commonly known as Robert Walpole, or Sir Robert Walpole) KG, KB, PC (26 August 1676 â 18 March 1745) was a British statesman who is generally regarded as having been the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. ...
Samuel Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys (1695-1770) was a British politician in the 18th century. ...
The Right Honourable Henry Pelham (25 September 1694â6 March 1754) was a British Whig statesman, who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 27 August 1743 to his death about ten years later. ...
Sir William Lee (1688 - 1754) was a British jurist and politician. ...
Henry Bilson-Legge (29 May 1708 - 23 August 1764) was an English statesman. ...
George Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton PC (January 17, 1709 â August 24, 1773), known as Sir George Lyttelton, Baronet between 1751 and 1756, was a British politician and statesman and a patron of the arts. ...
Henry Bilson-Legge (29 May 1708 - 23 August 1764) was an English statesman. ...
William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield (March 2, 1705 - March 20, 1793), was a British judge and politician who reached high office in the House of Lords. ...
Henry Bilson-Legge (29 May 1708 - 23 August 1764) was an English statesman. ...
William Wildman Shute Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington (January 5, 1717 â February 1, 1793), eldest son of the 1st Viscount Barrington. ...
Francis Dashwood, 15th Baron le Despencer (December, 1708 - December 11, 1781) was an English rake and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (1762-1763) and founder of The Hellfire Club. ...
George Grenville (14 October 1712 â 13 November 1770) was a British Whig statesman who served in government for the relatively short period of seven years, reaching the position of Prime Minister of Great Britain. ...
William Dowdeswell (1721 - February 6, 1775) was an English politician. ...
This page is on the former Chancellor of the Exchequer. ...
Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford, KG, PC (13 April 1732 â 5 August 1792), more often known by his courtesy title, Lord North, which he used from 1752 until 1790, was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782, and a major actor in the American Revolution. ...
Lord John Cavendish (1734-1796) was an English politician. ...
William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ...
Lord John Cavendish (1734-1796) was an English politician. ...
| | United Kingdom | Addington · Pitt · Petty · Perceval · Vansittart · Robinson · Canning · Abbott · Herries · Goulburn · Althorp · Denman · Peel · Monteagle · Baring · Goulburn · C Wood · Disraeli · Gladstone · Lewis · Disraeli · Gladstone · Disraeli · Hunt · Lowe · Gladstone · Northcote · Gladstone · Childers · Hicks Beach · Harcourt · R Churchill · Goschen · Harcourt · Hicks Beach · Ritchie · A Chamberlain · Asquith · Lloyd George · McKenna · Bonar Law · A Chamberlain · Horne · Baldwin · N Chamberlain · Snowden · W Churchill · Snowden · N Chamberlain · Simon · K Wood · Anderson · Dalton · Cripps · Gaitskell · Butler · Macmillan · Thorneycroft · Heathcoat-Amory · Lloyd · Maudling · Callaghan · Jenkins · Macleod · Barber · Healey · Howe · Lawson · Major · Lamont · Clarke · Brown · Darling The Right Honourable Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, PC (30 May 1757â15 February 1844) was a British statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1804. ...
William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ...
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne (1780-1863), Son of the 1st Marquess by his second marriage, was born on 2 July 1780 and educated at Edinburgh University and at Trinity College, Cambridge. ...
Spencer Perceval (1 November 1762 â 11 May 1812) was a British statesman and Prime Minister. ...
Nicholas Vansittart, 1st Baron Bexley (29 April 1766-8 February 1851), English politician, was the fifth son of Henry Vansittart (d. ...
The Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC (November 1, 1782 â January 28, 1859), Frederick John Robinson until 1827, The Viscount Goderich 1827â1833, and The Earl of Ripon 1833 onwards, was a British statesman and Prime Minister (when he was known as Lord Goderich). ...
George Canning (11 April 1770 â 8 August 1827) was a British statesman and politician who served as Foreign Secretary and, briefly, Prime Minister. ...
Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Tenterden (7 October 1762 - 4 November 1832), Lord Chief Justice, Kings Bench, was born at Canterbury, his father having been a hairdresser and wigmaker of the town. ...
John Charles Herries (1778 - 1855) was an English politician and financier and a frequent member of Tory and Conservative cabinets in the early to mid 19th century. ...
Henry Goulburn (1784–1856) was an English statesman and a member of the Peelite faction after 1846. ...
John Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer (1782-1845), known during his fathers lifetime by his courtesy title Viscount Althorp, was an English statesman. ...
Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman (23 July 1779 - 26 September 1854), English judge, was born in London, the son of a well-known physician. ...
Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon, PC, FRS (8 February 1790-7 February 1866) was a British Whig politician. ...
Francis Thornhill Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook (1796â1866) was a British Whig politician who served in the governments of Lord Melbourne and Lord John Russell. ...
Henry Goulburn (1784–1856) was an English statesman and a member of the Peelite faction after 1846. ...
Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax (1800â1885), known between 1846 and 1866 as Sir Charles Wood, Bt, was an English politician. ...
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ...
William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 â 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868â74, 1880â85, 1886 and 1892â94). ...
Sir George Cornewall Lewis, 2nd Baronet (1806-1863), British statesman and man of letters, was born in London on 21 April 1806. ...
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ...
William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 â 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868â74, 1880â85, 1886 and 1892â94). ...
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ...
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A sketch portrait of Robert Lowe Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke (December 4, 1811 - July 27, 1892), British statesman, was born at Bingham, Nottinghamshire, where his father was the rector. ...
William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 â 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868â74, 1880â85, 1886 and 1892â94). ...
The Rt Hon. ...
William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 â 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868â74, 1880â85, 1886 and 1892â94). ...
Caricature from Punch, 1882 Hugh Culling Eardley Childers (June 25, 1827 - January 29, 1896) was a British and Australian Liberal statesman of the nineteenth century. ...
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Sir William Harcourt Sir William George Granville Venables Vernon Harcourt (October 14, 1827 - October 1, 1904) was a British Liberal statesman. ...
Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill (13 February 1849 â 24 January 1895) was a British statesman. ...
George Joachim Goschen, 1st Viscount Goschen (10 August 1831 â 7 February 1907) was a British statesman and businessman ironically best remembered for being forgotten by Lord Randolph Churchill. ...
Sir William Harcourt Sir William George Granville Venables Vernon Harcourt (October 14, 1827 - October 1, 1904) was a British Liberal statesman. ...
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Charles Thomson Ritchie, by Carlo Pellegrini, 1885. ...
The Rt. ...
Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, KG, PC (12 September 1852 â 15 February 1928) served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916. ...
David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, OM, PC (17 January 1863 â 26 March 1945) was a British statesman who was Prime Minister throughout the latter half of World War I and the first four years of the subsequent peace. ...
Cover of Time Magazine (March 3, 1924) Reginald McKenna (1863-1943) was a Liberal British statesman who has recently achieved a limmited amount of noteriety following a recent biography by disgraced heart-throb and former Tory MP Martin Farr. ...
Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ...
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Half Measures Sir Robert Horne, President of the Board of Trade, and Sir Eric Geddes, Minister of Transport (speaking together). ...
Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
This article is about the British prime minister. ...
Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden (July 18, 1864 - May 15, 1937) was a British politician, and the first Labour Chancellor of the Exchequer. ...
Churchill redirects here. ...
Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden (July 18, 1864 - May 15, 1937) was a British politician, and the first Labour Chancellor of the Exchequer. ...
This article is about the British prime minister. ...
John Allsebrook Simon, 1st Viscount Simon GCSI GCVO OBE PC (1873-1954) was a British politician and statesman. ...
Sir Howard Kingsley Wood (19 August 1891 - 21 September 1943) was a Conservative British politician. ...
John Anderson, 1st Viscount Waverley of Westdean (8 July 1882 – 4 January 1958) was a British statesman. ...
Edward Hugh John Neale Dalton, Baron Dalton PC , generally known as Hugh Dalton (26 August 1887 â 13 February 1962) was a British Labour Party politician, and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1945 to 1947. ...
Sir Richard Stafford Cripps, known as Stafford Cripps, (April 24, 1889 - April 21, 1952) was a British Labour politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer for several years following World War II. // Cripps was born in London. ...
Hugh Todd Naylor Gaitskell (April 9, 1906 â January 18, 1963) was a British politician, leader of the Labour Party from 1955 until his death in 1963. ...
Richard Austen Butler, Baron Butler of Saffron Walden, KG, CH, PC, DL (9 December 1902 â 8 March 1982), who invariably signed his name R. A. Butler and was familiarly known as Rab, was a British Conservative politician. ...
Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 â 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ...
George Edward Peter Thorneycroft, Baron Thorneycroft CH PC (26 July 1909â4 June 1994), was a British Conservative politician. ...
The Right Honourable Derick Heathcoat Amory, 1st Viscount Amory (26 December 1899â20 January 1981) was a British Conservative politician. ...
John Selwyn Brooke Lloyd, Baron Selwyn-Lloyd (28 July 1904 - 18 May 1978), known for most of his career as Selwyn Lloyd, was a British Conservative politician. ...
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Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 â 26 March 2005), was Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979. ...
Roy Harris Jenkins, Baron Jenkins of Hillhead, OM, PC (November 11, 1920 â January 5, 2003) was a British politician and a prominent Labour Member of Parliament in the 1960s and 1970s, and founding member of the Social Democratic Party (SDP). ...
Iain Norman Macleod, PC (11 November 1913 â 20 July 1970) was a British Conservative Party politician and government minister. ...
Anthony Barber, interviewed as the results of the 1970 general election are declared The Right Honourable Anthony Perrinott Lysberg Barber, Baron Barber, PC (4 July 1920 â 16 December 2005), was a British Conservative politician who served as a member of both the House of Commons and the House of Lords. ...
Denis Winston Healey, Baron Healey, CH, MBE, PC (born 30 August 1917), is a British Labour politician. ...
Richard Edward Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon, CH, PC, QC (born 20 December 1926), known until 1992 as Sir Geoffrey Howe, is a senior British Conservative politician. ...
Nigel Lawson, Baron Lawson of Blaby, PC (born March 11, 1932), was a British politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer between June 1983 and October 1989. ...
For other persons named John Major, see John Major (disambiguation). ...
Norman Stewart Hughson Lamont, Baron Lamont of Lerwick, PC (born 8 May 1942) was Conservative Member of Parliament for Kingston-upon-Thames, England from 1972 until 1997. ...
This article is about Kenneth Clarke, the English politician. ...
For others with the same or similar names, see Gordon Brown (disambiguation). ...
Alistair Maclean Darling (born November 28, 1953) is a British politician and Chancellor of the Exchequer since June 28, 2007. ...
| | Leaders of the Conservative Party | In the House of Lords (before 1922) The Duke of Wellington (1830-1846) The Earl of Derby (1846-1868) The Earl of Malmesbury (1868-1869) The Lord Cairns (1869-1870) The Duke of Richmond, Lennox & Gordon (1870-1876) The Earl of Beaconsfield (1870-1881) The Marquess of Salisbury (1881-1902) The Duke of Devonshire (1902-1903) The Marquess of Lansdowne (1903-1916) The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston (1916-1922) In the House of Commons (before 1922) Sir Robert Peel, Bt (1830-1846) The Lord George Bentinck (1846-1847) Marquess of Granby (1848) Vacant (1848-1849) Benjamin Disraeli with Marquess of Granby and John Charles Herries (1849-1852) Benjamin Disraeli (1852-1876) Sir Stafford Northcote, Bt (1876-1885) Sir Michael Hicks Beach, Bt (1885-1886) The Lord Randolph Churchill (1886-1887) W.H. Smith (1887-1891) Arthur Balfour (1891-1911) Andrew Bonar Law (1911-1921) Sir Austen Chamberlain (1921-1922) Overall leader (since 1922) Andrew Bonar Law (1922-1923) Stanley Baldwin (1923-1937) Neville Chamberlain (1937-1940) Winston Churchill (1940-1955) Sir Anthony Eden (1955-1957) Harold Macmillan (1957-1963) Sir Alec Douglas-Home(1963-1965) Edward Heath (1965-1975) Margaret Thatcher (1975-1990) John Major (1990-1997) William Hague (1997-2001) Iain Duncan Smith (2001-2003) Michael Howard (2003-2005) David Cameron (since 2005) Leaders of the UK Conservative Party since 1834. ...
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ...
Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative...
The Rt Hon. ...
Hugh McCalmont Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns (27 December 1810 - 2 April 1885) was a British statesman (of Irish birth) who served as Lord Chancellor of Great Britain during the first two ministries of Benjamin Disraeli. ...
His Grace The Duke of Richmond and Lennox Charles Henry Gordon_Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox and 1st Duke of Gordon (February 27, 1818 - September 27, 1903) was a British politician. ...
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ...
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ...
Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire (23 July 1833 - 24 March 1908) was a British Liberal statesman, previously known (1858-1891) as Marquess of Hartington (a courtesy title). ...
The Most Honourable Henry Charles Keith Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, KG, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE (14 January 1845 â 3 June 1927) was a British politician and Irish peer who served successively as Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for...
The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, KG, GCSI, GCIE, PC (11 January 1859 â 20 March 1925) was a British Conservative statesman who served as Viceroy of India and Foreign Secretary. ...
Lord William George Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck (27 February 1802â21 September 1848), better known as simply Lord George Bentinck, was an English Conservative politician and racehorse owner, best known (with Benjamin Disraeli) for his role in unseating Sir Robert Peel over the Corn Laws. ...
The Most Noble Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland (1815â1888), known before 1857 as the Marquess of Granby, was an English Conservative politician. ...
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ...
The Most Noble Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland (1815â1888), known before 1857 as the Marquess of Granby, was an English Conservative politician. ...
John Charles Herries (1778 - 1855) was an English politician and financier and a frequent member of Tory and Conservative cabinets in the early to mid 19th century. ...
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ...
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Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill (13 February 1849 â 24 January 1895) was a British statesman. ...
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For the steel manufacturer, see Arthur Balfour, 1st Baron Riverdale. ...
Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ...
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Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ...
Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ...
This article is about the British prime minister. ...
Churchill redirects here. ...
For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ...
Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 â 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ...
Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel,[1] KT, PC (2 July 1903 - 9 October 1995) 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British Conservative (actually SUP) politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October...
Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, OBE (9 July 1916 â 17 July 2005) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 to 1975. ...
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (née Roberts; born 13 October 1925) served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 until 1990, being the first and to date only woman to hold either post. ...
For other persons named John Major, see John Major (disambiguation). ...
William Jefferson Hague (born 26 March 1961) is a British politician, the Member of Parliament for Richmond, North Yorkshire, former leader of the Conservative Party, and current Conservative Shadow Foreign Secretary. ...
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For the Canadian ice hockey player, see Dave Cameron. ...
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