 The Highline Canal Roller Dam, an active roller dam in De Beque Canyon near Grand Junction, Colorado. A Roller dam is a type of hydro control device which are specially designed to mitigate erosion. They are most often used to divert water for irrigation but the largest and most outstanding examples are employed to ease river navigation. Scrivener Dam, in Canberra, Australia, was engineered to withstand a once-in-5000-years flood event A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment. ...
Look up hydro, hydro-, hydr- in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Severe soil erosion in a wheat field near Washington State University, USA. Erosion is the displacement of solids (soil, mud, rock and other particles) by the agents of wind, water or ice, by downward or down-slope movement in response to gravity or by living organisms (in the case of...
High-altitude aerial view of irrigation in the Heart of the Sahara ( ) Irrigation is the replacement or supplementation of rainfall with water from another source in order to grow crops or plants. ...
Table of geography, hydrography, and navigation, from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ...
Use
Roller dams are a type of weir, or a dam that is designed to allow water to constantly spill over the top. They are used on rivers or other such moving bodies of water where erosion damage is undesirable, yet likely to occur. A short wall, lip, or parabolic channel is constructed on the downstream side of the dam parallel to the dam face. As the water pouring over the dam hits this baffle, it is reflected back toward the dam face creating a continual "rolling" action at the foot of the dam; hence the name "Roller Dam". The purpose of this rolling is to dissipate the energy gained by the water when it falls from the top of the dam. Otherwise this energy would be exerted downstream causing large amounts of bank and river bed erosion. The bridge and weir mechanism at Sturminster Newton on the River Stour, Dorset. ...
Severe soil erosion in a wheat field near Washington State University, USA. Erosion is the displacement of solids (soil, mud, rock and other particles) by the agents of wind, water or ice, by downward or down-slope movement in response to gravity or by living organisms (in the case of...
Type Roller dams can be either fixed (non-moving) or active. Fixed roller dams are generally made from reinforced concrete or masonry. Active roller dams are made out of large metal cylinders that can be lifted out of the water using a system of powerful hydraulic rams or cables and motors. This is also known as a roller gate, though it's name has nothing to do with the rolling action of the water. The largest of these active dams in the world is Locks and Dam 15 which spans the Mississippi River between Rock Island, Illinois and Davenport, Iowa. Active roller dams are a German invention stolen by the U.S. during World War 1. The U.S. later paid the Germans for the patent after being sued. The Mississippi River, derived from the old Ojibwe word misi-ziibi meaning great river (gichi-ziibi big river at its headwaters), is the second-longest river in the United States; the longest is the Missouri River, which flows into the Mississippi. ...
Rock Island is a city located in Rock Island County, Illinois. ...
Davenport is a city in the American state of Iowa that borders the Mississippi River. ...
Hazards Roller dams of any type pose an extreme drowning hazard. Anyone that goes over the top of the dam will be caught in the rolling action at its base and may not be ejected from the cycle for days or possibly weeks. Even very buoyant objects such as inflatable balls, inner tubes, and life vests can often be seen resurfacing near the downstream face every few seconds for several hours before escaping the so called "washing machine of death".
Sources Army Corps of Civil Engineers
Western Colorado Civil Engineers Society
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