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Encyclopedia > Roller skating
The classic (pre-inline) "quad" roller skate design of four wheels in a rectangular pattern.
Inline roller skater on a slalom course
Inline roller skater on a slalom course

Roller skating is travelling on smooth terrain with roller skates. It is a form of recreation as well as a sport, and can also be a form of transportation. Skates generally come in two basic varieties: inline skates, and traditional quad skates, though some have experimented with a single-wheeled "quintessence skate" or other variations on the basic skate design. In professional wrestling, blading is the practice of cutting oneself to provoke bleeding. ... The Roller Skater, or Vekoma Junior Coaster is a model of roller coaster built by Vekoma, and is named for the roller skate shaped cars found on some of the installations. ... Image File history File links Figure-roller-skates. ... Image File history File links Figure-roller-skates. ... Download high resolution version (427x640, 62 KB)Inline skating Downloaded from : [[1]] Credits : Dennis Mojado File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (427x640, 62 KB)Inline skating Downloaded from : [[1]] Credits : Dennis Mojado File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... “Fun” redirects here. ... Bont ZX2 inline speed skates Inline skates are a type of roller skate, used for inline skating. ...

Contents

History

The first recorded use of roller skates was in a London stage performance in 1743. The inventor of this skate is lost to history. The first recorded skate inventor was Jean-Joseph Merlin, who demonstrated a primitive inline skate with metal wheels in 1760. The first patented roller skate design was patented in France by M. Petitbled, in 1819. These early skates were similar to today's inline skates, but they were not very maneuverable; it was very difficult with these skates to do anything but move in a straight line and perhaps make wide sweeping turns. During the rest of the 19th century, inventors continued to work on improving skate design. // Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1819 common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...


The four-wheeled turning roller skate, or quad skate, with four wheels set in two side-by-side pairs, was first designed in 1863 in New York City by James Leonard Plimpton in an attempt to improve upon previous designs. The skate contained a pivoting action using a rubber cushion, and this allowed the skater to skate a curve just by leaning to one side. It was a huge success, so much so that the first public skating rink was opened in 1866 in Newport, Rhode Island with the support of Plimpton. The design of the quad skate allowed easier turns and maneuverability, and the quad skate came to dominate the industry for more than a century. For other uses, see Wheel (disambiguation). ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... James Leonard Plimpton (1828-1911) is known for changing the skating world with his patented roller skates in 1863. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Newport, Rhode Island Newport is a city in Newport County, Rhode Island, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of Providence. ...


Arguably, the most important advance in the realistic use of roller skates as a pleasurable pastime took place in Birmingham, England in 1876 when William Bown patented a design for the wheels of roller skates. Bown's design embodied his effort to keep the two bearing surfaces of an axle, fixed and moving, apart. Bown worked closely with Joseph Henry Hughes, who drew up the patent for a ball or roller bearing race for bicycle and carriage wheels in 1877. Hughes' patent included all the elements of an adjustable system. These two men are thus responsible for modern day roller skate and skateboard wheels, as well as the ball bearing race inclusion in velocipedes -- later to become motorbikes and automobiles. See also Birmingham, USA, and other places called Birmingham. ... Year 1876 Pick up Sticks(MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. ... A rolling-element bearing is a bearing which carries a load by placing round elements between the two pieces. ... For other uses, see Bicycle (disambiguation). ... Catherine IIs carved, painted and gilded Coronation Coach (Hermitage Museum) George VI and Queen Elizabeth in a landau with footmen and an outrider, Canada 1939 The classic definition of a carriage is a four-wheeled horse drawn private passenger vehicle with leaf springs (elliptical springs in the 19th century... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... A standard skateboard An old-school skateboard A skateboard is a four wheeled platform used for the activity of skateboarding. ... The velocipede was the predecessor of the bicycle, a human-powered vehicle introduced in the Victorian age. ... A motorcycle (or motorbike) is a two-wheeled vehicle powered by an engine. ... “Car” and “Cars” redirect here. ...


Another improvement came in 1876, when the toe stop was first patented. This provided skaters with the ability to stop promptly upon tipping the skate onto the toe. Toe stops are still used today on most quad skates and on some types of inline skates. Year 1876 Pick up Sticks(MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...


Roller skates were being mass produced in America as early as the 1880s, the sport's first of several boom periods. Micajah C. Henley of Richmond, Indiana produced thousands of skates every week during peak sales. Henley skates were the first skate with adjustable tension via a screw, the ancestor of the kingbolt mechanism on modern quad skates. // Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... Richmond (IPA: ) is a city in east central Indiana, which borders Ohio. ...

An advert for an early 20th centry model which fit over regular shoes.
An advert for an early 20th centry model which fit over regular shoes.

In 1884 Levant M. Richardson received a patent for the use of steel ball bearings in skate wheels so as to reduce friction. This also allowed skaters to increase speed with minimum effort. In 1898, Richardson started the Richardson Ball Bearing and Skate Company, which provided skates to most professional skate racers of the time, including Harley Davidson (no relation to the Harley-Davidson motorcycle brand). (Turner and Zaidman, 1997). Image File history File links 1908-PatinsRoulettes. ... Image File history File links 1908-PatinsRoulettes. ... Year 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Nickel-chrome plated steel balls A ball bearing is a common type of rolling_element bearing, a kind of bearing. ... Logo on a 2003 Harley Davidson The Harley-Davidson Motor Company (NYSE: HDI) is a manufacturer of motorcycles based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. ...


The design of the quad skate has remained essentially unchanged since then, and in fact remained as the dominant roller skate design until nearly the end of the 20th century. The squad skate has begun to make a comeback recently due to the popularity of roller derby and jam skating. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... For the skate brand of the same name, see Roller Derby (brand). ... Jam skating is any recreational, improvisational dance performed on roller skates, usually accompanied by music. ...


In 1979 Scott Olson and Brennan Olson of Minneapolis, Minnesota came across a pair of inline skates created in the 1960s by the Chicago Roller Skate Company and, seeing the potential for off-ice hockey training, set about redesigning the skates using modern materials and attaching ice hockey boots. A few years later Scott Olson began heavily promoting the skates and launched the company Rollerblade, Inc.. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Rollerblade-branded skates became so successful that they inspired many other companies to create similar inline skates, and the inline design became more popular than the traditional quads. The Rollerblade skates became synonymous in the minds of many with "inline skates" and skating, so much so that many people came to call any form of skating "Rollerblading," thus becoming a genericized trademark. Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Scott Olson is a Guitarist, Bassist and recording engineer. ... Minneapolis redirects here. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... This article is about the company and trademark Rollerblade. ... The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ... For the band, see 1990s (band). ... A genericized trademark, generic trade mark, generic descriptor, or proprietary eponym, is a trademark or brand name which has become the colloquial or generic description for a particular class of product or service. ...


For much of the 1980s and into the 1990s, inline skate models typically sold for general public use employed a hard plastic boot, similar to ski boots. In or about 1995, "soft boot" designs were introduced to the market, primarily by the sporting goods firm K2 Inc., and promoted for use as fitness skates. Other companies quickly followed, and by the early 2000s the use of hard shell skates became primarily limited to the aggressive skating discipline. Ski boots are specialized footwear that are used in skiing to provide protection and warmth for the foot in snowy and icy conditions, along with a way to attach the skier to skis using ski bindings so that skiers ski over snow. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Sports equipment includes any object used for sport or exercise. ... K2 sports was founded in 1961 by brothers Bill and David Kirschner in Vashon Island, in the Puget Sound near Seattle. ... Exhibition of aggressive inline skating in Písek, Czech Republic Aggressive Inline Skating, Freestyle Rolling, Rollerblading or Blading are unofficial titles sometimes used to refer to a specialized form of inline skating in which the individual preforms dangerous stunts, tricks, or maneuvers. ...


The single-wheel "quintessence skate" [1] was made in 1988 by Miyshael F. Gailson of Caples Lake Resort, California, for the purpose of cross-country ski skating and telemark skiing training. Other skate designs have been experimented with over the years, including two wheeled (heel and toe) inline skates, but the vast majority of skates on the market today are either quad or standard inline design. Telemark skiing is a term used for skiing using the Telemark turn, which is a technique first popularized by Sondre Norheim. ...


Inline skating

Inline speed skates
Inline speed skates

Inline skates usually have 4 or 5 wheels, arranged in a single line. Most commonly, if they have a stop, it is a heel stop. Inline skating is often done on the same surfaces as skateboarding: on the road, sidewalk, various street furnishings like fences and steps, and on special tracks and areas. Some inline skaters compete in artistic skating events, though quads are still more typical for that use. Inline skates for artistic use tend to be designed more as an analog of the ice skate or artistic quad skate design, with a toe stop and rockered wheels. Image File history File linksMetadata Speed_Skates. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Speed_Skates. ... For other uses, see Wheel (disambiguation). ... A skateboarder performing a frontside lipslide Skateboarding is the act of rolling on or performing tricks with a skateboard. ... Mountain road with hairpin turns in the French Alps For other uses, see Road (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...


The growth of inline skating in the United States was explosive in the early 1990s, but since 1996 sales have dropped as the market became saturated, many retailers failed to offer lessons on how to use the heel brake effectively and the sport's trendy status began to fade. This is mostly due to the common accessories. Most notably the fanny pack and headband. Drew Lane, from the Drew and Mike Show in Detroit, is most responsible for this trend. Among children, inline skates were supplanted in popularity by new designs of kick scooters; meanwhile for adolescents there was a resurgence in the popularity of skateboarding. Today inline skaters can be found sharing public and private skateparks with skateboarders in cities around the world. Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Drew Lane and Mike Clark host Drew and Mike, a morning radio show on WRIF, 101. ... Kick scooter A kick scooter or push scooter is a small, 2 or more-wheeled platform that is propelled by a rider pushing off the ground. ... A skateboarder performing a frontside lipslide Skateboarding is the act of rolling on or performing tricks with a skateboard. ... A skateboarder in the middle of a trick Skateboarding is the act of rolling on or interacting with a skateboard. ...


Because inline skating is associated with a variety of potential injuries (particular wrist and other orthopedic fractures), proper safety equipment is strongly recommended, including wrist guards, knee, elbow pads, a helmet. New skaters should consider getting rollerblading lessons from certified instructors. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...


Aggressive Skating

In addition to speed, fitness, artistic, or recreational skating, some skaters prefer aggressive skating. Aggressive skating is also often referred to by participants as rollerblading,blading, rolling or freestyle rolling and includes a variety of grinds, airs, slides and other advanced skating maneuvers. It also includes "vert", "park" and "street skating" which refer to tricks performed on almost any obstacle. Street skating specifically refers to tricks performed on non-allocated obstacles (i.e. not skate parks). There are a three major types of aggressive inline skates: hard boots,soft boots, and skeletal skates (e.g Xsjado, pronounced "shadow"). Hard boots are very rigid and often heavy compared to speed skates and recreational skates. Soft boots offer more flexibility than hard boots, but are normally just as heavy. Xsjado skates were first released in 2004 and were designed by Shane Coburn (the company was recently acquired by Salomon). Exhibition of aggressive inline skating in Písek, Czech Republic Aggressive Inline Skating, Freestyle Rolling, Rollerblading or Blading are unofficial titles sometimes used to refer to a specialized form of inline skating in which the individual preforms dangerous stunts, tricks, or maneuvers. ...


Aggressive inline has been on a slight decline overall for some time. However, during 2000-2003 there was a major increase in hope for the sport when street skating became increasingly popular. At this time professional skaters including Brian Shima, Chris Haffey, Alex Broskow, Aaron Feinberg, and Carlos Pianowski among others were pushing unseen boundaries in performing seemingly impossible and dangerous stunts in mostly street settings. In addition, the IMYTA (I Match Your Trick Association) provided a venue for skaters to demonstrate these tricks. The IMYTA held contests at a street location and the skaters would have to match each trick in the first round of skating or be eliminated. The progression continued with the pool of skaters dwindling and more dangerous and difficult tricks would then be performed and a winner declared. What competitions such as the IMYTA did do however was to encourage skaters from many different countries to set up their own local real street competitions.


Free skating

Free skating
Free skating

A skating category that lies somewhere between aggressive and recreational skating, free skating, also known as urban skating or free riding, includes many tricks such as jumps and slides, but not other tricks such as grinds. The emphasis of free skating is getting from A-to-B by the fastest possible route, by skating quickly through city streets and negotiating all obstacles. The boots on skates suitable for free skating tend to be more rigid for better leg support, like the aggressive skate, whilst the wheels tend to be large, like those found on recreational skates, and the frames short, like those found on hockey skates. Popular brands of freeskate include Salomon's FSK series, the RollerBlade Twister and the MX Seba. ImageMetadata File history File links Roller-street-shuffle. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Roller-street-shuffle. ...


Slalom Skating

There are two types of slalom skaking Free Style Slalom and Speed Slalom. Both of which are controlled by the IFSA. They involve navigating a series of cones placed on the ground. The International Federation of Strength Athletes (IFSA) is an international governing body for strongman competition. ...


Group skating

Among skaters not committed to a particular discipline, a popular social activity is the group skate or street skate, in which large groups of skaters regularly meet to skate together, usually on city streets. Although such touring existed among quad roller skate clubs in the 1970s and 1980s, it made the jump to inline skates in 1990 with groups in large cities throughout the United States. In some cases, hundreds of skaters would regularly participate, resembling a rolling party. In the late 1990s, the group skate phenomenon spread to Europe and east Asia. The weekly Friday night skate in Paris, France (called Pari Roller) is believed to be one of the largest repeating group skates in the world. At times, it has had as many as 35,000 skaters participating on a single night. The Sunday Skate Night in Berlin also attracts over 10,000 skaters during the summer, and Munich, Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Buenos Aires, London, New York and Tokyo host other popular events. For some group skates in both North America and Europe, Halloween is the most popular event of the year. Charity skates in Paris have attracted 50,000 participants (the yearly Paris-Versailles skate). Street skating is the practice of skating (commonly on inline skates or roller skates) in groups on public roads. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the state. ... For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ... This article is about the holiday. ...


Skating federations

Look up roller skating, blading in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

In the United States, the controlling organization is USA Roller Sports, headquartered in Lincoln, Nebraska, also home of the National Roller Skating Museum. Nationals are held each summer with skaters required to qualify through regional competitions. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Inline Hockey USA Roller Sports (USARS) is the national governing body of competitive roller sports (inline skating and roller skating) in the United States. ... Nickname: Location in Nebraska Coordinates: , Country   State     County United States   Nebraska     Lancaster Founded[1]   Renamed   Incorporated 1856   July 29, 1867   April 1, 1869 Government  - Mayor Chris Beutler Area  - City 195. ...


Other groups include:

  • International Freestyle Skating Association (IFSA) [2]
  • Federation Internationale de Roller-Skating, the international organization for competitive roller sports
  • British Federation of Roller Skating
  • Canadian Skating Association
  • International Inline Stunt Federation (IISF) [3], an international organization devoted to the growth and promotion of street and vert inline skating.
  • Real Street Skating Association (RSSA) [4] Dedicated to the advancement of all skaters

For the stock index, see FIRS The International Roller Sports Federation (FIRS) is the world-wide governing body of all disciplines of roller sports, which are sports based on roller skating, whether on traditional quad or inline skates. ... The British Federation of Artistic Roller Skating is an institution in the United Kingdom that is dedicated to roller skating. ...

References

  • Turner, James, in collaboration with Zaidman, Michael (1997). The History of Roller Skating. National Museum of Roller Skating. ISBN 0-9658192-0-5. 
  • National Museum of Roller Skating: Homework Page

See also

Human-powered transport is transport of person(s) and/or goods powered by human muscle. ... Bont ZX2 inline speed skates Inline skates are a type of roller skate, used for inline skating. ... Soap Shoes are shoes made for grinding. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with street skating. ... A sidesurfer sidesurfing to his left Sidesurf is the term given to inline skaters that skate by placing their skates heel to heel but separated by roughly shoulder width. ... Inline skaters competing. ... Starlight Express is a rock musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber (music) and Richard Stilgoe (lyrics), with later revisions by Don Black (lyrics) and David Yazbek (music and lyrics for the 2nd US tour, though much of his contribution was removed for the UK tour after Andrew Lloyd Webber saw it...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Roller-Skate.org (925 words)
Roller Rinks Map, mainly in Cleveland, OH and the Tidewater Virginia area (along with a few others, such as the former Knoebels rink in Elysburg, PA).
The rinks on the map (mostly around DC, but there are some in Pennsylvania; Athens, Georgia; Charleston, South Carolina, and Austin, Texas, too) are spotted on the actual buildings the rink is located in.
USA Roller Sports, which oversees roller, inline, and hockey competitions in the United States.
Roller skate@Everything2.com (586 words)
Roller skate was also a Citizens Band radio reference to a compact or sub-compact car, alluding to their small size and often cheap construction.
Roller skate may be used as a verb: to locomote while wearing a pair of roller skates, with at lest a modicum of skill.
Roller skating is an activity or sport in which people strap on roller skates, shoes with four small wheels on them, and push laterally and backwards with alternating skates while gliding on the other.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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