The office of Roman Emperor underwent significant turbulence in the fourth and fifth centuries, after assuming the trappings of Eastern despotism during the Dominate. In the West, its holders became puppets of a succession of barbarian kings. In the East, it consolidated its new autocratic trappings as it transformed into the office of Byzantine Emperor. Roman Emperor is the title historians use to refer to rulers of the Roman Empire, after the epoch conventionally named the Roman Republic. ... The accession to the purple on November 20, 284, of Diocletian, the lower-class, Greek-speaking Dalmatian commander of Caruss and Numerians household cavalry (protectores domestici), marked a major departure from traditional Roman constitutional theory regarding the Emperor, who was nominally first among equals; Diocletian introduced Oriental despotism... The Dominate was the despotic last of the two phases of government in the ancient Roman Empire between its establishment in 27 BC and the formal date of the collapse of the Western Empire in AD 476. ... Barbarian was originally a Greek term applied to any foreigner, one not sharing a recognized culture or degree of polish with the speaker or writer employing the term. ... A monarch is a type of ruler or head of state, whos titles and ascention are inherited, not earned, and represents a larger monarchical system which has established rules and customs regarding succession, duties, and powers. ... An autocrat is generally speaking any ruler with absolute power; the term is now usually used in a negative sense (cf. ... This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ...

Eugenius

Arbogast, Valentinian II's general-in-chief, murdered him in May 392, and replaced him with a puppet Emperor, Eugenius, a former rhetorician. Eugenius was overthrown two years later by Theodosius I (see below), Valentinian II's brother-in-law. Louis François Antoine Arbogast (October 4, 1759 _ April 8, 1803) was a French mathematician. ... Events August 22 - Arbogast elevates Eugenius as Roman Emperor. ... Flavius Eugenius claimed to be Western Roman Emperor (392 - 394). ... Rhetoric (from Greek ρητωρ, rhêtôr, orator) is one of the three original liberal arts or trivium (the other members are dialectic and grammar). ... Flavius Theodosius (Cauca (modern Coca, Segovia, Spain), January 11, 347 - Milan, January 17, 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great, was a Roman emperor. ...

• Eugenius ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Eugenius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Eugenius), 392 – 394

Flavius Eugenius claimed to be Western Roman Emperor (392 - 394). ... Events August 22 - Arbogast elevates Eugenius as Roman Emperor. ... Events September 6 - Battle of Frigidus: The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the pagan usurper Eugenius and his Frankish general Arbogast. ...

Theodosian Dynasty

Theodosius

Much as the Valentinian dynasty was loosely connected to the Constantinian dynasty by marriage, the Theodosian dynasty was loosely connected to the Valentinian; the first Theodosian Emperor, Theodosius I (historically known as "the Great") was son-in-law of Valentinian I. Although he was a Spaniard of military background, like Valentinian, he was no "Barracks Emperor"; he was lawfully and voluntarily elevated to the purple in the East by the reigning Emperor Gratian, his half-brother-in-law, on January 19, 379. He abolished paganism entirely and made Christianity the official religion of the Empire in 391, overthrew Arbogast and his puppet Emperor, Eugenius, in the West in 394, and was the last Emperor to rule both East and West. Flavius Theodosius (Cauca (modern Coca, Segovia, Spain), January 11, 347 - Milan, January 17, 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great, was a Roman emperor. ... Barraks Emperor is the way Roman Emperors who ruled during 235–268 are collectively known. ... For the 12th century canon lawyer, see Gratian (jurist). ... January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 19 - Theodosius I is elevated as Roman Emperor at Sirmium. ... Within a European Christian context, paganism is a catch-all term which has come to connote a broad set of not necessarily compatible religious beliefs and practices (see Cult (religion)) of a natural religion (as opposed to a revealed religion of a text), which are usually, but not necessarily, characterized... Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life, teachings, death by crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth as portrayed in the New Testament writings of his early followers. ... Events All non-Christian temples in the Roman Empire are closed Quintus Aurelius Symmachus is urban prefect in Rome, and petitions Theodosius I to re-open the pagan temples. ... Events September 6 - Battle of Frigidus: The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the pagan usurper Eugenius and his Frankish general Arbogast. ...

• Theodosius I ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Theodosius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Theodosius), 379 – 395

Flavius Theodosius (Cauca (modern Coca, Segovia, Spain), January 11, 347 - Milan, January 17, 395), also called Theodosius I and Theodosius the Great, was a Roman emperor. ... Events January 19 - Theodosius I is elevated as Roman Emperor at Sirmium. ... Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ...

Final division of the Roman Empire in "East" and "West"

After Theodosius's death in 395, the Empire was permanently divided into East and West by his seventeen-year-old and ten-year-old sons, Arcadius and Honorius, respectively.

Emperors in the East

• Arcadius ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Arcadius), 395 – 408
• Theodosius II ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Theodosius Arcadius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Theodosius), 408 – 450
• St. Marcianus ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Marcianus P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Marcianus), 450 – 457 - Marcian is the first Emperor to be honoured as a saint (by the Orthodox Church); his feast day (together with that of his wife, St. Pulcheria) is February 17.

Flavius Arcadius ( 377/ 378– May 1, 408) was Roman Emperor in the Eastern half of the Roman Empire from 395 until his death. ... Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ... Events Theodosius II succeeds his father Arcadius as Emperor of the Eastern half of the Roman Empire In the summer of this year, the usurper Constantine III captures Spain, destroying the loyalist forces defending it. ... Theodosius II Flavius Theodosius II (April, 401 - July 28, 450 ). The eldest son of Eudoxia and Arcadius who at the age of 7 became the Roman Emperor of the East. ... Events Theodosius II succeeds his father Arcadius as Emperor of the Eastern half of the Roman Empire In the summer of this year, the usurper Constantine III captures Spain, destroying the loyalist forces defending it. ... Events August 25 - Marcian proclaimed Eastern Roman Emperor by Aspar and Pulcheria. ... Imperator Caesar Flavius Marcianus Augustus or Marcian (c. ... Events August 25 - Marcian proclaimed Eastern Roman Emperor by Aspar and Pulcheria. ... Events February 7 - Leo I becomes East Roman emperor. ... In general, the term Saint refers to someone who is exceptionally virtuous and holy. ... ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Emperors in the West

By the time the Visigoths under their king Alaric entered Italy and sacked Rome in 410 – the first time a foreign army had set foot in Rome since 390 BC, some 800 years earlier – Rome had ceased to be capital of the Empire either in East or West (the capital in the East was Nicomedia from 286 to 330, and Constantinople from 330 onward; in the West it was Milan from 286 to 402, and Ravenna from 402 onward); indeed, by that point in history, the Bishop of Rome was one of the few senior Ecclesiastical or Imperial officials in the Roman Empire to actually reside in Rome. The Visigoths, originally Tervingi, or Vesi (the noble ones), one of the two main branches of the Goths (of which the Ostrogothi were the other), were one of the loosely-termed Germanic peoples that disturbed the late Roman Empire. ... Alaric, (also known as Alaricus, Alaric the Goth, Alaric, King of the Visigoths and Alaric I) (about AD 370-410), the first Germanic leader to take the city of Rome, was likely born about 370 on an island named Peuce (the Fir) at the mouth of the Danube. ... Events Alaric I deposes Priscus Attalus as Roman Emperor. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC - 390s BC - 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 395 BC 394 BC 393 BC 392 BC 391 BC - 390 BC - 389 BC 388 BC 387... Nicomedes I of Bithynia founded the city of Nicomedia (modern Ismid), at the head of the Gulf of Astacus (which opens on the Propontis), in 264 BC The city has ever since been one of the chief towns in this part of Asia Minor. ... This article is about the year 286. ... Events May 11 - Constantine I refounds Byzantium, renames it New Rome, and moves the capital of the Roman Empire there from Rome. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Events May 11 - Constantine I refounds Byzantium, renames it New Rome, and moves the capital of the Roman Empire there from Rome. ... Location within Italy Piazza della Scala Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed of Italian regions. ... This article is about the year 286. ... Events Stilicho recalls troops from the frontiers of the Roman Empire to defend Italy against the Visigoths. ... For other places named Ravenna, see Ravenna (disambiguation). ... Events Stilicho recalls troops from the frontiers of the Roman Empire to defend Italy against the Visigoths. ... In the Roman Catholic Church, Saint Peter, given the keys to heaven by Jesus, was the first Bishop of Rome. ...

• Honorius ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Honorius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Honorius), 395 – 423
  • Constantius III ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Constantius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Constantius), 421
• Valentinian III ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Placidius Valentinianus P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Placidius Valentinianus), 425 – 455

Bronze coin bearing the profile of Honorius Flavius Augustus Honorius (September 9, 384–August 15, 423) was Emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 395 until his death. ... Events After the death of emperor Theodosius I, the Roman Empire is divided in an eastern and a western half. ... Events On the death of Honorius, the primicerius notariorum Joannes seizes the throne of the Western Roman Empire, and is declared emperor. ... Costantius on a solidus. ... Events February 8 - Constantius III becomes Co_Emperor of the Western Roman Empire June 7 - Roman Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia, formerly known as Athenais. ... Solidus minted in Thessalonica to celebrate the marriage of Valentinian III to Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius II. On the reverse, the three of them in wedding dresses. ... Events October 23 -Valentinian III becomes western Roman emperor. ... Events June 2 - Gaiseric leads the Vandals into Rome and plunder the city for two weeks. ...

Dynastic Relationships

Theodosius I married twice; first to Aelia Flaccilla, who bore him two sons (Arcadius and Honorius), and second to Galla (daughter of Valentinian I by his second wife Justina, widow of Magnentius), who bore him a daughter (Galla Placidia). Arcadius's wife Aelia Eudoxia bore him a daughter (St. Pulcheria) and a son (Theodosius II), who became Emperor at age seven. After Theodosius II's death, his sister Pulcheria married Marcian, a Thracian soldier of common stock. Constantius III married Arcadius's and Honorius's sister Galla Placidia, and she bore him a son, Valentinian III. Valentinian III's wife Licinia Eudoxia (who after his death married Petronius Maximus, see below) bore him a daughter, Placidia, who married Olybrius (see below). Aelia Flaccilla. ... Magnentius (ruled AD January 18, 350–August 11, 353), was a Roman usurper. ... Galla Placidia on a coin struck by her son Valentinian III. On the reverse, a cross (typical of all the coinage referring to Galla Placidia) stands for her Christian faith. ... Eudocia Augusta (c. ... Pulcheria (January 19, 399 - 453) was the daughter of the Eastern Roman Emperor Arcadius and Aelia Eudoxia. ... Solidus minted in Thessalonica to celebrate the marriage of Valentinian III to Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius II. On the reverse, the three of them in wedding dresses. ...

After the Theodosian Dynasty

In the West

The wealthy senator Petronius Maximus, who succeeded Valentinian III, had attempted to secure his position by marrying Valentinian's widow, Licinia Eudoxia. The final collapse of the Empire in the West was marked by increasingly ineffectual puppet Emperors dominated by their Germanic masters of the soldiers. The most pointed example of this is the Suebian general Ricimer, who became a "Shadow Emperor" by deposing Avitus, installing and subsequently deposing (and murdering) Majorian, installing (and possibly subsequently murdering) Libius Severus, ruling the Empire himself during an eighteen-month interregnum, deposing and killing Anthemius, and installing Olybrius. His position as "Shadow Emperor" was in turn held by his nephew Gundobad and Orestes; Odoacer simply overthrew Orestes's puppet Emperor, Romulus Augustus, in 476 and ruled Italy as nominal subordinate of the Emperor-in-exile, Julius Nepos, who continued to reign in Dalmatia until 480. Petronius Maximus (c. ... Solidus minted in Thessalonica to celebrate the marriage of Valentinian III to Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of the Eastern Emperor Theodosius II. On the reverse, the three of them in wedding dresses. ... Magister militum (Master of the Soldiers) was a rank used in the later Roman Empire dating from the reign of Constantine. ... The Suebi or Suevi were a Germanic people whose origin was near the Baltic Sea . ... Ricimer (c. ... Avitus on a tremissis. ... Julius Valerius Majorianus (November 420 - 7 August 461), commonly known as Majorian, was Western Roman Emperor (457 - 461). ... Libius Severus was a Western Roman Emperor. ... An interregnum is a period between kings, or between popes of the Roman Catholic Church. ... Procopius Anthemius (c. ... Anicius Olybrius, Western Roman Emperor (July 11 - October 23, 472), was a member of a noble family and a native of Rome. ... Gundobad, Patrician of Rome (472-473) also became King of the Burgundians (473-516), after his father, though he had to fight off three brothers to seize his title. ... Flavius Orestes (d. ... Odoacer, also known as Odovacar (435 – 493) was the half Hunnish, half Scirian chieftain of the Germanic Heruli. ... Romulus Augustus Flavius Romulus Augustus (460s/470s – after 511), often called Romulus Augustulus, was the last of the Western Roman Emperors. ... Events August - The usurper Basiliscus is deposed and Zeno is restored as Eastern Roman Emperor. ... Julius Nepos on a coin. ... Dalmatia (Croatian Dalmacija, Italian Dalmazia) is a region of Croatia on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, spreading between the island of Pag in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. ... Events Odoacer defeats an attempt by Julius Nepos to recapture Italy, and has Julius killed; Odoacer also captured Dalmatia. ...

• Petronius Maximus ("Imp. Caesar Petronius Maximus P.F. Aug."; b. Petronius Maximus), 455
• Avitus ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Eparchius Avitus P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Eparchius Avitus), 455 – 456
• Majorian ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Iulius Valerianus Maiorianus"; b. Flavius Iulius Valerianus Maiorianus), 457 – 461
• Libius Severus ("Imp. Caesar Libius Severus P.F. Aug."; b. Libius Severus), 461 – 465
• Anthemius ("Imp. Caesar Procopius Anthemius P.F. Aug."; b. Procopius Anthemius), 467 – 472
• Olybrius ("Imp. Caesar Anicius Olybrius P.F. Aug."; b. Anicius Olybrius), 472
• Glycerius ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Glycerius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Glycerius), 473 – 474
• Julius Nepos ("Imp. Caesar Iulius Nepos P.F. Aug."; b. Iulius Nepos), 474 – 475 (continued to rule in exile until 480)
• Romulus "Augustulus" ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Romulus P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Romulus), 475 – 476

Petronius Maximus was killed trying to flee Rome – presently under imminent threat of attack by Geiseric's Vandals – eleven weeks after donning the purple; Rome was plundered ("Vandalised") but spared a full-fledged sacking due in large part to the intervention of the Bishop of Rome, Pope Leo I, who had previously averted an attack on Rome by Attila the Hun in 452. Petronius Maximus was succeeded by his master of the soldiers, Avitus, who was acclaimed at Tolosa with the backing of the Visigothic king, Theodoric II. Petronius Maximus (c. ... Events June 2 - Gaiseric leads the Vandals into Rome and plunder the city for two weeks. ... Avitus on a tremissis. ... Events June 2 - Gaiseric leads the Vandals into Rome and plunder the city for two weeks. ... Events Emperor Marcian quells disturbances on the Armenian frontier. ... Julius Valerius Majorianus (November 420 - 7 August 461), commonly known as Majorian, was Western Roman Emperor (457 - 461). ... Events February 7 - Leo I becomes East Roman emperor. ... Events August 2 - Majorian resigns as Western Roman Emperor; shortly afterwards Libius Severus is declared western Roman emperor by Ricimer November 19 - Hilarius succeeds Leo as Pope Births Deaths March 17 - Saint Patrick, missionary in Ireland (traditional date) August 7 - Majorian, western Roman emperor November 10 - Pope Leo I Categories... Libius Severus was a Western Roman Emperor. ... Events August 2 - Majorian resigns as Western Roman Emperor; shortly afterwards Libius Severus is declared western Roman emperor by Ricimer November 19 - Hilarius succeeds Leo as Pope Births Deaths March 17 - Saint Patrick, missionary in Ireland (traditional date) August 7 - Majorian, western Roman emperor November 10 - Pope Leo I Categories... Events Song Qian Fei Di, then Song Ming Di become ruler of the Song Dynasty in China. ... Procopius Anthemius (c. ... Events April 12 - Anthemius elevated to Western Roman Emperor Births Leo II, Byzantine emperor Cerdic of Wessex (approximate date). ... Events Relations between the Roman Emperor Anthemius and the general Ricimer deteriorate completely. ... Anicius Olybrius, Western Roman Emperor (July 11 - October 23, 472), was a member of a noble family and a native of Rome. ... Events Relations between the Roman Emperor Anthemius and the general Ricimer deteriorate completely. ... Glycerius (c. ... Events Glycerius is named Western Roman Emperor. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... Julius Nepos on a coin. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... See also 475 (number) Events Orestes forces western Roman emperor Julius Nepos to flee and declares his son Romulus Augustus to be emperor. ... Events Odoacer defeats an attempt by Julius Nepos to recapture Italy, and has Julius killed; Odoacer also captured Dalmatia. ... Romulus Augustus Flavius Romulus Augustus (460s/470s – after 511), often called Romulus Augustulus, was the last of the Western Roman Emperors. ... See also 475 (number) Events Orestes forces western Roman emperor Julius Nepos to flee and declares his son Romulus Augustus to be emperor. ... Events August - The usurper Basiliscus is deposed and Zeno is restored as Eastern Roman Emperor. ... Geiseric the Lame (circa 389 – January 25, 477), also spelled as Gaiseric or Genseric the Lame, was the King of the Vandals and Alans (428–477) and was one of the key players in the troubles of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century. ... The Vandals were an East Germanic tribe that entered the late Roman Empire, and created a state in North Africa, centered on the city of Carthage. ... Pope Saint Leo I, or Leo the Great, a Roman aristocrat, was Pope from 440 to 461. ... The Huns, led by Attila (right, foreground), ride into Italy. ... Events Attila, king of the Huns, invades Italy Northern Wei Tai Wu Di is succeeded by Northern Wei Nan An Wang, then by Northern Wei Wen Cheng Di as ruler of the Northern Wei Dynasty in China. ... Magister militum (Master of the Soldiers) was a rank used in the later Roman Empire dating from the reign of Constantine. ... The Capitole, the 18th century city hall of Toulouse and best known landmark in the city; in the foreground is the Place du Capitole, a hub of urban life at the very center of the city Toulouse (pronounced in standard French, in local Toulouse accent) (Occitan: Tolosa, pronounced ) is a... The Visigoths were one of two main branches of the Goths, the Ostrogoths being the other. ... Theodoric II succeeded his older brother Thorismund to become king of the Visigoths in 453. ...

Avitus was in turn overthrown (but not killed) by his own master of the soldiers, Ricimer, who was responsible for both the installation and removal of Majorian and of Libius Severus, the removal of Anthemius (installed as the Eastern Emperor's candidate), and the installation of Olybrius – husband of Valentinian III's daughter (and Petronius Maximus's step-daughter) Placidia, and loosely a member of the Theodosian dynasty.

Both Ricimer and Olybrius (who was never acknowledged and was considered a usurper by the Eastern Emperor) died in 472, and were replaced by the Burgundian prince Gundobad and his puppet Emperor Glycerius, a former court functionary. Glycerius was deposed (but not killed) by Julius Nepos, the candidate (and nephew-in-law) of the Eastern Emperor, who was in turn driven into exile in Dalmatia in 475 by his master of the soldiers, Orestes, who installed his own son Romulus "Augustulus" ("Little Augustus"). Orestes was killed and Romulus deposed (but not killed) by Odoacer in 476, and Julius Nepos continued to reign as Emperor-in-exile until his death in 480 (the Eastern Emperor did not recognise Romulus Augustulus and considered him a usurper). Events Relations between the Roman Emperor Anthemius and the general Ricimer deteriorate completely. ... Coat of arms of the 2nd duchy of JOSH GARLAND Burgundy and later of the French province of Burgundy Burgundy (French: Bourgogne) is a historic region of France, inhabited in turn by Pre-Indo-European people, Celts (Gauls), Romans (Gallo-Romans), and various Germanic tribes, most importantly the Burgundians and... Gundobad, Patrician of Rome (472-473) also became King of the Burgundians (473-516), after his father, though he had to fight off three brothers to seize his title. ... Dalmatia (Croatian Dalmacija, Italian Dalmazia) is a region of Croatia on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, spreading between the island of Pag in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. ... Flavius Orestes (d. ... Events August - The usurper Basiliscus is deposed and Zeno is restored as Eastern Roman Emperor. ... Events Odoacer defeats an attempt by Julius Nepos to recapture Italy, and has Julius killed; Odoacer also captured Dalmatia. ...

For rulers of Italy after Romulus "Augustulus" and Julius Nepos, see list of barbarian kings.

For Roman Emperors in the West after Romulus "Augustulus" and Julius Nepos, see list of "Holy Roman Emperors".

The following is a list of barbarian kings of Italy: Maximinus Thrax (235-238) Odoacer (476-493) Ostrogothic Kings of Italy Theoderic (493-526) Athalaric (526-534) Theodahad (534-536) Witiges (536-540) Heldebadus (540-541) Totila (541-552) Teias (552) Teias was killed by the Byzantine general Narses, and... The following list of German Kings and Emperors is one of several Wikipedia lists of incumbents. ...

The East: Leonine Dynasty

The Leonine dynasty was almost totally a marital one, conspicuous for its rather disorderly succession of Emperors. The first Leonine Emperor, the Dacian army officer Leo I (whose coronation is the first known to involve the Patriarch of Constantinople), came to power through the machinations of the late Marcian's Alan master of the soldiers, Aspar, who as a result of his barbarian birth and religious heterodoxy (Aspar as an Arian) was unable to don the purple for himself. The Leonine Emperors also mark the second time a female dynast directly influenced the Imperial succession by marriage: Zeno's widow Ariadne handpicked Anastasius I to succeed her late husband and married him (cf. Marcian's accession to the purple by means of officially marrying the nun St. Pulcheria, Theodosius II's sister). Dacia, in ancient geography the land of the Daci or Getae, was a large district of Central Europe, bounded on the north by the Carpathians, on the south by the Danube, on the west by the Tisa (Tisza river, in Hungary), on the east by the Tyras (Dniester or Nistru... Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Leo Augustus or Leo I of the Byzantine Empire (401 - 474, reigned 457 - 474), sometimes known as Leo the Thracian, was the last of a series of emperors placed on the throne by Aspar, the Alan serving as commander-in-chief of the army. ... The Patriarch of Constantinople is the Ecumenical Patriarch, the first among equals in the Eastern Orthodox communion. ... The Alans or Alani were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people, warlike nomadic pastoralists of mixed backgrounds, who spoke an Iranian language and shared, in a broad sense, a common culture. ... Flavius Ardabur Aspar (? - 471), an Alan, was the magister militum (Master of Soldiers) of the Byzantine Empire. ... Arianism was a Christological view held by followers of Arius in the early Christian Church, claiming that Jesus Christ and God the Father were not always contemporary, seeing the Son as a divine being, created by the Father (and consequently inferior to Him) at some point in time, before which... Imperator Caesar Flavius Zeno Augustus or Tarasicodissa or Trascalissaeus (c. ... Ariadne (utterly pure, from a Cretan-Greek form for arihagne) was a fertility goddess of Crete. ... Flavius Anastasius or Anastasius I (c. ...

Zeno was ruling in Constantinople during the "fall of Rome" in 476 (the actual events generally thought of as "ending" the Roman Empire in the West actually occurred at Ravenna), and both Odoacer and his over-thrower Theodoric of the Ostrogoths officially ruled Italy as Zeno's viceroys; this suzerainty was purely theoretical, however, and Imperial control of Italy was not actually reasserted until the conquests of Justinian I's strategos Belisarius in the 530s. Events August - The usurper Basiliscus is deposed and Zeno is restored as Eastern Roman Emperor. ... Odoacer, also known as Odovacar (435 – 493) was the half Hunnish, half Scirian chieftain of the Germanic Heruli. ... Theodoric was a first name frequently encountered in medieval European history. ... This article deals with the continental Ostrogoths. ... Justinian I depicted on a Byzantine mosaic Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus or Justinian I (May 11, 483–November 13/14, 565), was Eastern Roman Emperor from AD August 1, 527 until his death. ... The term strategos (plural strategoi) is used in Greek to mean general. In the Byzantine Empire the term was also used to describe a military governor (see Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy). ... Belisarius, by Jacques-Louis David (1781); the depiction is now believed to be fictionalized. ... Centuries: 5th century - 6th century - 7th century Decades: 480s - 490s _ 500s - 510s - 520s - 530s - 540s - 550s - 560s - 570s - 580s Years: 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 Events and Trends Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, built (532_537) General Belisarius defeats the Vandals in North Africa, and brings...

Leonine Emperors

• Leo I ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Valerius Leo P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Valerius Leo), 457 – 474
• Leo II ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Leo P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Leo), 474
  • Zeno ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Zeno P.F. Aug."; b. Tarasikodissa), 474
• Zeno ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Zeno P.F. Aug."; b. Tarasikodissa), 474 – 491
  • Usurper: Basiliscus ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Basiliscus P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Basiliscus), 474 – 475
• Anastasius I ("Imp. Caesar Flavius Anastasius P.F. Aug."; b. Flavius Anastasius), 491 – 518

Imperator Caesar Flavius Valerius Leo Augustus or Leo I of the Byzantine Empire (401 - 474, reigned 457 - 474), sometimes known as Leo the Thracian, was the last of a series of emperors placed on the throne by Aspar, the Alan serving as commander-in-chief of the army. ... Events February 7 - Leo I becomes East Roman emperor. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... Imperator Caesar Flavius Leo Augustus or Leo II (467- November 17, 474) served as Eastern Roman Emperor from January 18 to November 17, 474. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... Imperator Caesar Flavius Zeno Augustus or Tarasicodissa or Trascalissaeus (c. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... Imperator Caesar Flavius Zeno Augustus or Tarasicodissa or Trascalissaeus (c. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... Events AElle conquers the fortified Roman town of Anderida through siegecraft. ... Flavius Basiliscus was a rival Byzantine Emperor 475 _ 476. ... Events January 18 - Leo II briefly becomes Byzantine emperor. ... See also 475 (number) Events Orestes forces western Roman emperor Julius Nepos to flee and declares his son Romulus Augustus to be emperor. ... Flavius Anastasius or Anastasius I (c. ... Events AElle conquers the fortified Roman town of Anderida through siegecraft. ... Events July 9 - Justin becomes Roman emperor September 29 - Severus, Patriarch of Antioch is deposed by a synod for his Monophysitism. ...

Dynastic Relationships

Leo I wife Verina bore him at least two daughters, one of whom married the son of Anthemius, whom Leo I installed as Emperor in the West in 467 (and whose daughter married the formidable "Shadow Emperor" Ricimer), and the other of whom was Ariadne, who married the Isaurian leader Tarasikodissa; Tarasikodissa was appointed master of the soldiers and adopted the name Zeno. Ariadne and Zeno had a son, Leo II, who succeeded his grandfather as Emperor in 474 (and was convinced by his mother and grandmother to elevate his father to co-Emperor); Leo II's death left his father sole Emperor in the East, producing the altogether curious spectacle of a grandson succeeding his grandfather without his father's predecease, and then in turn being succeeded by his own father. Zeno was temporarily displaced in Constantinople by Verina's brother (i.e., Leo I's brother-in-law and Leo II's great uncle-in-law) Basiliscus, but regained the purple a year later. On his death, Ariadne married the court functionary Anastasius I, and thereby elevated him to the purple by virtue of marrying the Empress. Aelia Verina (died 484) was the wife of Byzantine emperor Leo I, and the mother-in-law of Zeno, who was married to her daughter Ariadne. ... Events April 12 - Anthemius elevated to Western Roman Emperor Births Leo II, Byzantine emperor Cerdic of Wessex (approximate date). ... Ariadne (utterly pure, from a Cretan-Greek form for arihagne) was a fertility goddess of Crete. ... Isauria, in ancient geography, is a district in the interior of South Asia Minor, of very different extent at different periods, but generally covering much of what is now south-central Turkey. ...

For Byzantine emperors after Anastasius I, see list of "Byzantine Emperors".

This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ...

See also

This is a list of Byzantine Emperors. ...

External links

• History of the Later Roman Empire by John Bagnall Bury at LacusCurtius